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Ground Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Profiles Using WRF Simulations and Machine Learning Techniques

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 680-692页

作者： Lulu zhang Meijing LIU Wenying HE xiangao xia Haonan YU Shuangxu LI jing LI Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871 Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408

Microwave radiometer(MWR) demonstrates exceptional efficacy in monitoring the atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles.A typical inversion algorithm for MWR involves the use of radiosonde measurements as the training ***,this is challenging due to limitations in the temporal and spatial resolution of available sounding data,which often results in a lack of coincident data with MWR deployment *** study proposes an alternative approach to overcome these limitations by harnessing the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model's renowned simulation capabilities,which offer high temporal and spatial *** using WRF simulations that collocate with the MWR deployment location as a substitute for radiosonde measurements or reanalysis data,our study effectively mitigates the limitations associated with mismatching of MWR measurements and the sites,which enables reliable MWR retrieval in diverse geographical *** machine learning(ML) algorithms including extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),random forest(RF),light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),extra trees(ET),and backpropagation neural network(BPNN) are tested by using WRF simulations,among which BPNN appears as the most superior,achieving an accuracy with a root-mean-square error(RMSE) of 2.05 K for temperature,0.67 g m~(-3) for water vapor density(WVD),and 13.98% for relative humidity(RH).Comparisons of temperature,RH,and WVD retrievals between our algorithm and the sounding-trained(RAD) algorithm indicate that our algorithm remarkably outperforms the *** study verifies the feasibility of utilizing WRF simulations for developing MWR inversion algorithms,thus opening up new possibilities for MWR deployment and airborne observations in global locations.

关键词： microwave radiometer(MWR) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) random forest(RF) light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM) extra trees(ET) backpropagation neural network(BPNN) monochromatic radiative transfer model(MonoRTM)

Physiological and transcriptome analyses provide new insights into the mechanism mediating the enhanced tolerance of melatonin-treated rhododendron plants to heat stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第8期22卷 2397-2411页

作者： XU Yan-xia zhang jing WAN Zi-yun HUANG Shan-xia DI Hao-chen HE Ying JIN Song-heng Jiyang College Zhejiang A&F UniversityZhuji 311800P.R.China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300P.R.China

Rhododendron is a well-known genus consisting of commercially valuable ornamental woody plant *** stress is a major environmental factor that affects rhododendron *** was recently reported to alleviate the effects of abiotic stress on ***,the role of melatonin in rhododendron plants is *** this study,the effect of melatonin on rhododendron plants exposed to heat stress and the potential underlying mechanism were *** of morphological characteristics and chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated 200μmol L–1 was the optimal melatonin concentration for protecting rhododendron plants from heat *** elucidate how melatonin limits the adverse effects of high temperatures,melatonin contents,photosynthetic indices,Rubisco activity,and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)contents were analyzed at 25,35,and 40℃,*** with the control,exogenous application of melatonin improved the melatonin contents,electron transport rate,photosystem II and I activities,Rubisco activity,and ATP contents under heat *** transcriptome analysis revealed many of the heat-induced differentially expressed genes were associated with the photosynthetic pathway;the expression of most of these genes was down-regulated by heat stress more in the melatonin-free plants than in the melatonin-treated *** identified Rh PGR5A,Rh ATPB,Rh LHCB3,and Rh Rbs A as key ***,we speculate that melatonin promotes photosynthetic electron transport,improves Calvin cycle enzyme activities,and increases ATP *** changes lead to increased photosynthetic efficiency and CO_(2) assimilation under heat stress conditions via the regulated expression of specific genes,including Rh Rbs ***,the application of exogenous melatonin may increase the tolerance of rhododendron to heat stress.

关键词： ornamental woody high temperature stress melatonin photosynthesis

Attraction of bruchid beetles Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) to host plant volatiles

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第12期19卷 3035-3044页

作者： WANG Hong-min BAI Peng-hua zhang jing zhang Xue-min HUI Qin ZHENG Hai-xia zhang xian-hong College of Agricultural Economics and Management Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801P.R.China College of Plant Protection Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801P.R.China Institute of Plant Protection Tianjin Academy of Agricultural SciencesTianjin 300384P.R.China

Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and control. Previously, we indicated that mated female adults of Callosobruchus chinensis showed choice preference behavior toward 2-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Our objective here was to investigate the synergistic effect of host-derived attractive volatiles in attracting C. chinensis under laboratory and field conditions in Shanxi Province, China. We hypothesized that the ratio and concentration of volatiles derived from Vigna radiata play critical roles for C. chinensis in locating this host. Therefore, we collected and identified the volatiles of mungbean by using headspace collection and GC-MS. The effectiveness of different ratios and concentrations of two compounds (2-hexenal and benzaldehyde) that elicit C. chinensis searching behavior were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. The combination of 300 μg μL^–1 2-hexenal and 180 μg μL^–1 benzaldehyde loadings exhibited a synergistic effect on attracting C. chinensis (82.35%). Compared to control traps, the adults were significantly attracted to traps baited with blends, and more attraction to females than males was found for blend traps in the field experiments. Our results suggest that blends of this specific concentration and ratio of benzaldehyde and 2-hexenal can be used in traps as attractants for C. chinensis monitoring and control in the field.

关键词： Callosobruchus chinensis plant volatiles synergistic effect olfactometer attractant

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intention to use traditional Chinese medicine:A cross-sectional study based on the theory of planned behavior

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第3期19卷 219-225页

作者： Yi xia Lu-shao-bo Sh jing-hui Chang Hua-zhang Miao Dong Wang School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Health Management Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has become an increasingly severe public health *** traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has helped to combat COVID-19,public perception of TCM remains *** used the theory of planned behavior(TPB)to identify factors that affect the intention to use ***:A cross-sectional web-based survey of 10,824 individuals from the general public was conducted between March 16 and April 2,*** participants were recruited using a snowball sampling *** were collected using a self-administered questionnaire,based on the *** questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics and TPB *** equation modeling was used to identify predictors of ***:The results indicated the model explained 77.5%and 71.9%of intention and attitude *** to use TCM had the strongest relationship with attitude(P<0.001),followed by past behavior(P<0.001),subjective norms(P<0.001)and perceived behavioral control(P<0.001).Attitudes toward TCM were significantly affected by perceived behavioral control(P<0.001),subjective norms(P<0.001)and cognition of TCM(P<0.001).Conclusion:Attitude is a key factor in determining the intention to use TCM,followed by past behaviors,subjective norms and perceived behavioral *** results offer important implications for health policy makers to promote the use of TCM.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Theory of planned behavior Traditional Chinese medicine Intention

Neuro-and immuno-modulation mediated by the cardiac sympathetic nerve:a novel insight into the anti-ischemic efficacy of acupuncture

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第5期44卷 1058-1066页

作者： XI Hanqing LI xia zhang Ziyi CUI xiang jing xianghong ZHU Bing GAO Xinyan Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China

Communication between sympathetic nerves and the immune system is a crucial and active process during myocardial ischemia(MI),as myocardial damage and inflammatory stimuli concurrently *** nerves undergo structural and functional changes after MI,leading to adverse left ventricular(LV)remodeling and heart failure(HF).The complex inflammatory response to MI,including local myocardial anti-inflammatory repair and systemic immune reactions,plays a key role in adverse LV ***,we review the progressive structural and electrophysiological remodeling of the LV and the involvement of sympathetic tone in complex and dynamic processes that are susceptible to MI pathological *** has been reported to effectively improve cardiac function,eliminate arrhythmia,and mitigate adverse LV remodeling via somatosensory regulation after ***,acupuncture has an anti-inflammatory effect on the pathological process of myocardial *** this Review,we aim to summarize the involvement of sympathetic nerve activation in the neuro-immune modulation of structural and functional cardiac changes after *** a noninvasive method for sympathetic regulation,acupuncture is an ideal option because of its anti-ischemic efficacy.A better understanding of the neural circuitry that regulates cardiac function and immune responses following MI could reveal novel targets for acupuncture treatment.

关键词： neuroinflammatory diseases sympathetic nerves myocardial ischemia acupuncture review

Dietary supplementation of sodium butyrate enhances lactation performance by promoting nutrient digestion and mammary gland development in dairy cows

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 137-148页

作者： jing zhang Lijun Bu Yapeng Liu Wenjie Huo Chengqiang xia Caixia Pei Qiang Liu College of Animal Sciences Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China

This experiment was to evaluate the influence of sodium butyrate(SB)addition on milk production,ruminal fermentation,nutrient digestion,and the development and metabolism regulation of the mammary gland in dairy *** Holstein dairy cows averaging 710±18.5 kg body weight,72.8±3.66 d in milk(DIM),and 41.4±1.42 kg/d milk production were divided into four treatments blocked by DIM and milk *** were control group,low SB,medium SB,and high SB with 0,100,200 and 300 g/d of SB addition per cow,*** study lasted for 105 *** of milk,milk protein and lactose quadratically increased(P<0.05),while fat-corrected milk,energycorrected milk and milk fat yields linearly increased(P<0.05)with increasing SB *** digestibility of dietary dry matter,organic matter,and crude protein linearly increased(P<0.05),whereas the digestibility of ether extract,neutral detergent fibre,and acid detergent fibre quadratically increased(P<0.05).Ruminal pH quadratically decreased(P=0.04),while total volatile fatty acids(VFA)quadratically increased(P=0.03)with increasing SB *** acetic acid to propionic acid ratio increased(P=0.03)linearly due to the unaltered acetic acid molar percentage and a linear decrease in propionic acid molar *** enzymatic activity of carboxymethyl-cellulase and a-amylase,populations of total bacteria,total anaerobic fungi,total protozoa,Ruminococcus albus,***,Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens,Fibrobacter succinogenes,and Ruminobacter amylophilus linearly increased(P<0.05).Blood glucose,urea nitrogen,and non-esterified fatty acids linearly decreased(P<0.05),while total protein concentration linearly increased(P=0.04).Moreover,the addition of SB at 200 g/d promoted(P<0.05)mRNA and protein expression of PPARγ,SREBF1,ACACA,FASN,SCD,CCNA2,CCND1,PCNA,Bcl-2,GPR41,and the ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR,but decreased(P<0.05)mRNA and protein expressions of Bax,caspase-3,and *** results suggest th

关键词： Sodium butyrate Lactation performance Nutrient digestion Milk fat synthesis Mammary gland development

Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Passive Filtering for Nonlinear Singularly Perturbed PDT-Switched Systems and Its Application

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2021年第6期34卷 2195-2218页

作者： LIU Xinmiao xia Jianwei WANG jing SHEN Hao AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Special Heavy Load Robot and School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243032China School of Mathematical Sciences Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002China

The problem of designing a passive filter for nonlinear switched singularly perturbed systems with parameter uncertainties is explored in this ***,the multiple-time-scale phenomenon is settled effectively by introducing a singular perturbation parameter in the ***,the interval type-2 fuzzy set theory is employed where parameter uncertainties are expressed in membership functions rather than the system *** is worth noting that interval type-2 fuzzy sets of the devised filter are different from the plant,which makes the design of the filter more ***,the persistent dwell-time switching rule,as a kind of time-dependent switching rules,is used to manage the switchings among nonlinear singularly perturbed subsystems,and this rule is more general than dwell-time and average dwell-time switching ***,sufficient conditions are provided for guaranteeing that the filtering error system is globally uniformly exponentially stable with a passive ***,on the basis of the linear matrix inequalities,the explicit expression of the designed filter can be ***,a tunnel diode electronic circuit is rendered as an example to confirm the correctness and the validity of the developed filter.

关键词： Interval type-2 fuzzy model passive filter persistent dwell-time switching rule singularly perturbed nonlinear systems

An Active Defense Solution for ARP Spoofing in OpenFlow Network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第1期28卷 172-178页

作者： xia jing CAI Zhiping HU Gang XU Ming College of Computer National University of Defense Technology School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

As an emerging network technology,Software-defined network(SDN), has been rapidly developing for recent years due to its advantage in network management and updating. There are still a lot of open problems while applying this novel technology in reality,especially for meeting security demands. The Address resolution protocol(ARP) spoofing, a representative network attack in traditional networks is *** implement the ARP spoofing in SDN network firstly and find that the threat of ARP attack still exists and has big impact on the network. We propose a novel mechanism as defense solution for ARP spoofing oriented to OpenFlow platform. Theoretical analyzation is given, and the mechanism is implemented as a module of POX controller. Experiment results and performance evaluations show that our solution can reduce the security threat of ARP spoofing remarkably on OpenFlow platform and related SDN platforms.

关键词： Software-defined network(SDN) Address resolution protocol(ARP) spoofing OpenFlow

Finite-Time Stability for Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Nonlinear Systems via an Observer-Based Sliding Mode Control

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2022年第6期35卷 2223-2247页

作者： LIU Yu'an xia Jianwei WANG jing SHEN Hao Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Special Heavy Load Robot and School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002China School of Mathematical Sciences Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002China

This work focuses on the design of a sliding mode controller for a class of continuoustime interval type-2 fuzzy-model-based nonlinear systems with unmeasurable state information over a finite-time *** at describing the nonlinearities containing parameter uncertainties that inevitably appear in practice,the interval type-2 fuzzy sets are employed to model the studied *** improve the designing flexibility,a fuzzy observer model non-parallel distribution compensation scheme is designed to estimate the state information of the plant,i.e.,the observer is allowed to have a mismatching premise structure from the *** this basis,the appropriate fuzzy sliding surface and fuzzy controller are constructed by following the same premise variables as the designed fuzzy ***,by means of the sliding mode control theory and the Lyapunov function method,some novel sufficient criteria are established to ensure the finite-time boundedness for the studied systems via a partitioning strategy including the reaching phase,the sliding motion phase and the whole time ***,the designed gains are acquired by solving the matrix convex optimization ***,the effectiveness of the developed method is demonstrated by two simulation examples.

关键词： Finite-time boundedness interval type-2 fuzzy model non-parallel distribution compensation observer-based sliding mode control