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Recent Advances in Artificial Sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： Shuai Zhong Lirou su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Center for Brain‑Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons Spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

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Quantum public-key crypto via EPR pairs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 58-63页

作者： Xiang-Qun Fu Hong-Wei Li Jian-Hong Shi Tan Li Wan-su Bao Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Information Engineering University Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China

With the development of quantum computing technology, quantum public-key cryptography is gradually becoming an alternative to the existing classical public-key cryptography. This paper designs a quantum trapdoor one-way function via EPR pairs and quantum measurements. Based on this, a new quantum public-key cryptosystem is presented, which offers forward security,and can resist the chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext attack. Compared with the existing quantum public-key cryptos,eavesdropping can be automatically detected in this new quantum public-key cryptosystem under a necessary condition, which is also detailed in the paper.

关键词： quantum public-key crypto trapdoor one-way function EPR pairs

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Continuous edge chromatic numbers of abelian group actions

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Science China Mathematics 2025年

作者： su Gao Ruijun Wang Tianhao Wang School of Mathematical Sciences and Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Combinatorics Nankai University

We prove that for any generating set S of Z~n, the continuous edge chromatic number χ′c（G） of the Schreier graph of the Bernoulli shift action G = F(S, 2Z~n) is χ′（G） + 1 = |S| + 1. In particular, for the stan...

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Robust interface and excellent as-built mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated through laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder and wire

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 154-168页

作者： Fei Weng Guijun Bi Youxiang Chew Shang sui Chaolin Tan Zhenglin Du jinlong su Fern Lan Ng Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong Engineering&Technology Research Center for Superhard MaterialSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510095China Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 5 Cleantech Loop636732Singapore

The feasibility of manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V samples through a combination of laser-aided additive manufacturing with powder(LAAM_(p))and wire(LAAM_(w))was explored.A process study was first conducted to successfully circumvent defects in Ti-6Al-4V deposits for LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w),*** the optimized process parameters,robust interfaces were achieved between powder/wire deposits and the forged substrate,as well as between powder and wire *** characterization results revealed the epitaxial prior β grains in the deposited Ti-6Al-4V,wherein the powder deposit was dominated by a finerα′microstructure and the wire deposit was characterized by lamellar α *** mechanisms of microstructure formation and correlation with mechanical behavior were analyzed and *** mechanical properties of the interfacial samples can meet the requirements of the relevant Aerospace Material Specifications(AMS 6932)even without post heat *** fracture occurred within the interfacial area,further suggesting the robust *** findings of this study highlighted the feasibility of combining LAAM_(p) and LAAM_(w) in the direct manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V parts in accordance with the required dimensional resolution and deposition rate,together with sound strength and ductility balance in the as-built condition.

关键词： laser-aided additive manufacturing powder deposition wire deposition interfacial characteristic mechanical behavior

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Statistical characteristics and classification of ionospheric mid-latitude trough as revealed by the observations of DMSP-F18

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 137-147页

作者： Yi Liu JiuHou Lei FuQing Huang su Zhou School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Science Guiyang UniversityGuiyang 550005China

Statistical characteristics and the classification of the topside ionospheric mid-latitude trough are systemically analyzed,using observations from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F18(DMSP-F18)*** data was obtained at an altitude of around 860 km in near polar orbit,throughout *** study identified the auroral boundary based on the in-situ electron density and electron spectrum,allowing us to precisely determine the location of the mid-latitude *** differs from most previous works,which only use Total Electron Content(TEC)or in-situ electron *** our study,the troughs exhibited a higher occurrence rate in local winter than in summer,and extended to lower latitudes with increasing geomagnetic *** was found that the ionospheric mid-latitude trough,which is associated with temperature changes or enhanced ion drift,exhibited distinct ***,the ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to electron temperature(Te)peak were located more equatorward of auroral oval boundary in winter than in *** ionospheric mid-latitude troughs related to Te-maximum were less frequently observed at 60−70°S magnetic latitude and 90−240°E ***,the troughs related to ion temperature(Ti)maximums were observed at relatively higher latitudes,occurring more frequently in *** addition,the troughs related to ion velocity(Vi)maximums could be observed in all *** troughs with the maximum-Ti and maximum-Vi were located closer to the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval at the nightside,and in both *** implies that enhanced ion drift velocity contributes to increased collisional frictional heating and enhanced ion temperatures,resulting in a density depletion within the trough region.

关键词： topside ionosphere mid-latitude trough ionospheric main trough auroral oval boundary temperature maximum

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计算机视觉技术赋能大学英语课堂展示中的学习投入研究

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新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第2期46卷 144-151页

作者：谭苏燕王晋军广州大学外国语学院广东广州510010

学习投入是预测学习者学习效果的重要指标,学术界对其与课堂展示间的相关性研究鲜有涉猎。文本以某综合性大学303名非英语专业本科生为研究对象,采用人工智能与计算机视觉技术模型YOLOv7对大学英语课堂中的课堂展示实录进行学习投入多... 详细信息

学习投入是预测学习者学习效果的重要指标,学术界对其与课堂展示间的相关性研究鲜有涉猎。文本以某综合性大学303名非英语专业本科生为研究对象,采用人工智能与计算机视觉技术模型YOLOv7对大学英语课堂中的课堂展示实录进行学习投入多模态数据分析,并辅以问卷调查,形成双向印证。研究发现,学生课堂展示中的行为投入、认知投入和情感投入值均等于或高于3.78,投入结果均值达4.01,说明学生在课堂展示中的学习投入情况良好。此外,不同时段课堂展示对学生行为投入的影响显著,学生专注度及参与度在课堂前10分钟的课堂展示中效果最佳。文本为课堂展示的有效性提供了智能化、多模态、多维度的实证支持,为课堂教学的数智技术应用提供了新视角。

关键词：大学英语课堂展示学习投入计算机视觉技术展示时段

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Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 763-778页

作者： Minghuang Gao Xinyue Wang Shijie su Weicheng Feng Yaona Lai Kongli Huang Dandan Cao Qi Wang Science and Technology Innovation Center Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.

关键词： central nervous system meningeal lymphatic vessels immunity myeloid cells lymphatic cells neurodegenerative disease

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Controllable Synthesis of a Well-defined Polypropylene grafted Silica Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Crystallization Behavior of Polypropylene

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第11期40卷 1411-1421页

作者： Wei-long Ju Shao-Fan Li Yun-Lan su Du-jin Wang Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Well-defined polypropylene grafted silica nanoparticles(PP-g-SiO_(2))were prepared through the reaction of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(PP-g-MAH)with amino-functionalized silica(SiO_(2)-NH_(2))by the'grafting-to'*** grafting density of PP-g-SiO_(2) is found to be controlled by the concentration of silane coupling agent 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl amino]propyl trimethoxy silane(TAMS).The maximum grafting density of grafted PP-g-MAH chains with molecular weight of 9100 g/mol could reach 0.34 chains/nm~2,when the critical concentration of TAMS was 0.0194 mol/*** critical concentration of TAMS can be explained by the maximum amounts of primary amino groups,which can totally react with PP-g-MAH on the surface of SiO_(2)-NH_(2),when the silane monolayer is *** synthesized PP-g-SiO_(2)with different molecular weights was mixed with PP by solution mixing to form a series of *** crystallization temperature(T_(c))of nanocomposites increased significantly with the particle *** PP-g-SiO_(2) with high molecular weight of grafted chains exhibits a high nucleation ability at 1 wt%nanoparticle loading in PP/PP-g-SiO_(2)*** summary,we provide an effective method to synthesize the well-defined PP-g-SiO_(2)with controlled grafting density,which shows excellent nucleation ability.

关键词： Polypropylene grafted silica nanoparticles Grafting density Grafting to Crystallization behavior

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Optimization of an Artificial Intelligence Database and Camera Installation for Recognition of Risky Passenger Behavior in Railway Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1277-1293页

作者： Min-kyeong Kim Yeong Geol Lee Won-Hee Park su-hwan Yun Tae-Soon Kwon Duckhee Lee Railroad Test&Certification Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea Railroad Safety Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea

Urban railways are vital means of public transportation in *** than 30%of metropolitan residents use the railways,and this proportion is expected to *** enhance safety,the government has mandated the installation of closed-circuit televisions in all carriages by ***,cameras still monitored *** address this limitation,we developed a dataset of risk factors and a smart detection system that enables an immediate response to any abnormal behavior and intensive monitoring *** created an innovative learning dataset that takes into account seven unique risk factors specific to Korean railway *** data collection was conducted across the Shinbundang Line of the Incheon Transportation Corporation,and the Ui-Shinseol *** observed several behavioral characteristics and assigned unique annotations to *** also considered carriage *** performance was evaluated by camera placement and *** the camera installation plan was *** dataset will find immediate applications in domestic railway *** artificial intelligence algorithms will be verified shortly.

关键词： AI railway vehicle risk factor smart detection AI training data

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Latest research progress for LBE coolant reactor of China initiative accelerator driven system project

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 810-831页

作者： long GU Xingkang su Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

China’s accelerator driven subcritical system(ADS)development has made significant progress during the past *** the successful construction and operation of the international prototype of ADS superconducting proton linac,the lead-based critical/subcritical zero-power facility VENUS-II and the comprehensive thermal-hydraulic and material test facilities for LBE(lead bismuth eutectic)coolant,China is playing a pivotal role in advanced steady-state operations toward the next step,the ADS *** China initiative Accelerator Driven System(CiADS)is the next facility for China’s ADS program,aimed to bridge the gaps between the ADS experiment and the LBE cooled subcritical *** total power of the CiADS will reach 10 *** CiADS engineering design was approved by Chinese government in *** then,the CiADS project has been fully transferred to the construction application *** subcritical reactor is an important part of the whole CiADS ***,a pool-type LBE cooled fast reactor is chosen as the subcritical reactor of the *** and thermal experiments and software development for LBE coolant were conducted simultaneously to support the design and construction of the CiADS LBEcooled subcritical ***,it is necessary to introduce the efforts made in China in the LBE-cooled fast reactor to provide certain supporting data and reference solutions for further design and development for ***,the roadmap of China’s ADS,the development process of the CiADS,the important design of the current CiADS subcritical reactor,and the efforts to build the LBE-cooled fast reactor are presented.

关键词： LBE(lead bismuth eutectic)coolant reactor China initiative Accelerator Driven System(CiADS)project research progress

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