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Chemical weathering processes in the Chinese Loess Plateau

Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 197-209页

作者： Ningpan chai Zhiqi Zhao Xiaoke Li Jun Xiao Zhangdong jin School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China

Covered by erodible loess and affected by significant seasonal climate variations,chemical weathering in the Chinese Loess Plateau(abbreviated as CLP)has important effects on the hydrochemistry of the Yellow River and the global carbon ***,chemical weathering processes in the CLP are still *** on 2.6 river water samples in the CLP in the different seasons,hydrochemistry,weathering processes,and their controlling factors were *** waters in the CLP exhibited slightly alkalinity(pH=8.4±0.5)with much high total dissolved solids(TDS)values(691±813 mg/L).The water types of river water in the CLP were primarily SO_(4)^(2.)-Cl^(-)-Na^(+),HCO_(3)^(-)-Ca^(2.)-Mg^(2.),and SO_(4)^(2.)-Cl^(-)-Ca^(2.)-Mg^(2.).According to the forward model,evaporite dissolution has the largest contribution(55.1%±0.2.)to riverine solutes in the CLP,then followed by carbonate weathering(35.6%±0.2.)and silicate weathering(6.5%±0.1%).For spatio-temporal variations,the contribution of evaporite dissolution in the CLP decreased from northwest to southeast with higher proportion in the dry season,carbonate weathering increased from northwest to southeast with a higher proportion in the wet season,and silicate weathering showed minor spatio-temporal ***^(2.)and Mg^(2.)were affected by carbonate precipitation and/or incongruent calcite dissolution,and about 50%of samples exhibited cation exchange *** physical erosion rate in the CLP,which was 372.2.3 t·km^(-2.·yr^(-1),varied greatly and was greater than those of other worldwide *** weathering rates in the CLP showed an increasing trend *** the wet season,high runoff led to the release of evaporite and carbonate from loess,while the interfacial reaction kinetic limited the increase of the silicate weathering *** CO_(2.consumption budget by carbonate weathering(6.1×10^(10)mol/yr)and silicate weathering(1.6×10^(10)mol/yr)in the CLP accounted for 0.2.%and 0.08%of the global carb

关键词： Chemical weathering Chinese Loess Plateau Spatio-temporal variations CO_(2.budget Physical erosion

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Catalytic Reaction Kinetics of Propylene Dimerization to 4-Methyl-1-Pentene Using Cu-K/K_(2.CO_(3) Solid Base Catalyst

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第1期26卷 78-87页

作者： jin Haibo chai jing Yang Suohe He Guangxiang Ma Lei Guo Xiaoyan College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology/Beijing Key Laboratory of Fuel Cleaning and Efficient Catalytic Emission Reduction TechnologyBeijing102617China

The catalysis technology of propylene dimerization to form 4-methyl-1-pentene(4MP1)using a Cu-K/K_(2.CO_(3) solid base catalyst is a well-known heterogeneous catalytic *** this study,the intrinsic kinetics of propylene dimerization were studied in a fixed-bed continuous *** and external diffusion during the dimerization reaction experiments were eliminated by adjusting the flow rate of the carrier gas and the particle size of the catalyst ***,the concentration changes of each substance at the outlet of the catalyst bed under different residence times were ***,the suitable reaction kinetics equations was derived using the Langmuir Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson kinetic ***,the activation energy for each reaction involved in the dimerization reaction was *** activation energies of 4MP1,branched by-products,and 1-hexene were 115.0,150.8,and 177.4 kJ/mol,*** effect of process conditions on propylene dimerization with solid base catalysts was studied through kinetic model *** comparing the theoretical values obtained from the simulation with the experimental results,the applicability and accuracy of the kinetic model were verified.

关键词： propylene dimerization 4-methyl-1-pentene intrinsic kinetics surface reaction

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Unraveling the role of formate in improving nitrogen removal via coupled partial denitrification-anammox

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 79-90页

作者： Wanlu Zhu Rui Xiao Min Xu Wenbo chai Wenlong Liu Zhengyu jin David Ikumi Huijie Lu Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health(Ministry of Education) College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China China National Nuclear Corporation Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and MetallurgyBeijing 100029China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs CommissionCollege of Life&Environmental SciencesMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Water Research Group Department of Civil EngineeringUniversity of Cape TownRondebosch 7700South Africa Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Hangzhou 310058China

The addition of traditional carbon sources(e.g.,acetate)could favor heterotrophic overgrowth in partial denitrification coupled with anammox(PD–A)systems,thus hindering the performance and stability of this novel wastewater nitrogen removal ***,it is necessary to develop an effective,environmentally friendly,and inexpensive *** study demonstrated the potential of formate to enhance the performance and community stability of PD–A under mainstream *** a laboratory-scale biofilm reactor,formate addition(COD/NO_(3)^(–)–N=1.75)improved nitrogen removal efficiency(from 72.1±3.5%to 81.7±2.7%),EPS content(from 106.3±8.1 to 163.0±15.5 mg/gVSS)and increased anammox bacteria growth(predominantly Candidatus Brocadia,from 2..5±0.7%to 34.5±5.4%)while maintaining stable heterotrophs dominated by methylotrophic ***–NanoSIMS revealed a formate uptake using *** and Desulfobacillus,with *** being the major contributor to partial nitrate reduction to *** can synthesize diverse hydrophobic amino acids and provide key nutrients for *** achieve comparable nitrogen removal,the cost of the formate-driven PD–A process should be 11.2.lower than that of *** results greatly enrich our understanding of C1 metabolism represented by formate in anammox communities and its application in the context of coupling partial denitrification–anammox toward enhanced nitrogen removal in global wastewater treatment systems.

关键词： Formate Mixotrophic growth Partial denitrification-anammox Metabolic interaction FISH-NanoSIMS

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Coinfection with hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis with abdominal wall abscess and sinus tract formation:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 279-285页

作者： Miao-Miao Wang Xiu-Qing An jin-Ping chai jin-Yu Yang Ji-De A Xiang-Ren A School of Continuing Education Qinghai UniversityXining 810000Qinghai ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXining 810007Qinghai ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXining 810007Qinghai ProvinceChina Department of Hepatic Hydatidosis Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXining 810007Qinghai ProvinceChina Department of Medical Laboratory Medicine Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXining 810007Qinghai ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis coinfections,particularly with concurrent abscesses and sinus tract formation,are extremely *** article presents a case of a patient diagnosed with this unique presentation,discussing the typical imaging manifestations of both echinococcosis types and detailing the diagnosis and surgical treatment experience *** SUMMARY A 39-year-old Tibetan woman presented with concurrent hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis,accompanied by abdominal wall abscesses and sinus tract *** conventional imaging examinations suggested only hepatic cystic echinococcosis,but intraoperative and postoperative pathological examination revealed the *** radical resection of the lesions,the patient’s condition improved,and she was discharged soon *** outpatient follow-ups confirmed no recurrence of the hydatid lesion and normal surgical wound *** mixed hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis with abdominal wall abscesses and sinus tract formations are rare,the general treatment approach remains consistent with that of simpler infections of alveolar *** Lesions involving the abdominal wall and sinus tract formation,may require radical ***-term prognosis includes albendazole and follow-up examinations.

关键词： Cystic echinococcosis Alveolar echinococcosis Abdominal wall abscess Surgical treatment Sinus tract Case report

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STING-mediated IL-6 Inhibits OATP1B1 Expression via the TCF4 Signaling Pathway in Cholestasis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第8期12卷 701-712页

作者： Yan Guo Hongjia Zhang Nan Zhao Ying Peng Dongya Shen Yubin Chen Xiaoxun Zhang Can-E Tang jin chai Department of Endocrinology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLACholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital(Southwest Hospital)to Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University)ChongqingChina Department of Clinical Pharmacology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of Cardiac Surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina

Background and Aims Organic anion-transporting polypeptides(OATPs)play a crucial role in the transport of bile acids and *** our previous study,interleukin 6(IL-6)reduced OATP1B3 levels in cholestatic ***,it remains unclear whether IL-6 inhibits OATP1B1 expression in cholestatic *** study aimed to investigate whether IL-6 can inhibit OATP1B1 expression and explore the underlying *** The effect of stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling on inflammatory factors was investigated in a cholestatic mouse model using RT-qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** assess the impact of inflammatory factors on OATP1B1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma,we analyzed OATP1B1 expression by RT-qPCR and Western Blot after treating PLC/PRF/5 cells with TNF-α,IL-1β,and *** elucidate the mechanism by which IL-6 inhibits OATP1B1 expression,we examined the expression of the OATP1B1 regulator TCF4 in PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2.cells using RT-qPCR and Western *** interaction mechanism betweenβ-catenin/TCF4 and OATP1B1 was investigated by knocking downβ-catenin/TCF4 through siRNA *** The STING inhibitor decreased inflammatory factor levels in the cholestatic mouse model,with IL-6 exhibiting the most potent inhibitory effect on ***-6 downregulatedβ-catenin/TCF4,leading to decreased OATP1B1 ***-downβ-catenin/TCF4 counteracted theβ-catenin/TCF4-mediated repression of *** STING-mediated IL-6 up-regulation may inhibit OATP1B1,leading to reduced transport of bile acids and bilirubin by *** may contribute to altered pharmacokinetics in patients with diseases associated with increased IL-6 production.

关键词： Inflammation Bile acid Bilirubin Cholestasis STING IL-6 β-catenin TCF4

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Cytochrome P450 CitCYP97B modulates carotenoid accumulation diversity by hydroxylating b-cryptoxanthin in Citrus

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 57-72页

作者： Yingzi Zhang Jiajing jin Nan Wang Quan Sun Di Feng Shenchao Zhu Zexin Wang Shunxin Li Junli Ye Lijun {2. Zongzhou Xie Xiuxin Deng National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Carotenoids in plant foods provide health benefits by functioning as provitamin *** ofthe vital provitamin A carotenoids,b-cryptoxanthin,is typically plentiful in citrus ***,little is known about the genetic basis of b-cryptoxanthin accumulation in ***,we performed a widely targeted metabolomic analysis of 65 major carotenoids and carotenoid derivatives to characterize carotenoid accumulation in Citrus and determine the taxonomic profile of *** used data from 81 newly sequenced representative accessions and 69 previously sequenced Citrus cultivars to reveal the genetic basis of b-cryptoxanthin accumulation through a genome-wide association *** identified a causal gene,CitCYP97B,which encodes a cytochrome P450 protein whose substrate and metabolic pathways in land plants were *** subsequently demonstrated that CitCYP97B functions as a novel monooxygenase that specifically hydroxylates the b-ring of b-cryptoxanthin in a heterologous expression *** planta experiments provided further evidence that CitCYP97B negatively regulates b-cryptoxanthin *** the sequenced Citrus accessions,we found that two critical structural cis-element variations contribute to increased expression of CitCYP97B,thereby altering b-cryptoxanthin accumulation in ***/introgression appear to have contributed to the prevalence of two cis-element variations in different Citrus types during citrus ***,these findings extend our understanding of the regulation and diversity of carotenoid metabolism in fruit crops and provide a genetic target for production of b-cryptoxanthin-biofortified products.

关键词： carotenoids b-cryptoxanthin cytochrome P450 CYP97B hydroxylation

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Structural design of mid-infrared waveguide detectors based on InAs/GaAsSb superlattice

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红外与毫米波学报 2024年第4期43卷 457-463页

作者： PEI jin-Di chai Xu-Liang WANG Yu-Peng ZHOU Yi School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

In the realm of near-infrared spectroscopy,the detection of molecules has been achieved using on-chip waveguides and *** the mid-infrared band,the integration and sensitivity of chemical sensing chips are often constrained by the reliance on off-chip light sources and *** this study,we demonstrate an InAs/GaAsSb superlattice mid-infrared waveguide integrated *** GaAsSb waveguide layer and the InAs/GaAsSb superlattice absorbing layer are connected through evanescent coupling,facilitating efficient and highquality detection of mid-infrared light with minimal *** conducted a simulation to analyze the photoelectric characteristics of the ***,we investigated the factors that affect the integration of the InAs/GaAs⁃Sb superlattice photodetector and the GaAsSb *** thicknesses and lengths for the absorption lay⁃er are *** the absorption layer has a thickness of 0.3μm and a length of 50μm,the noise equiva⁃lent power reaches its minimum value,and the quantum efficiency can achieve a value of 68.9%.The utilization of waveguide detectors constructed with Ⅲ-Ⅴ materials offers a more convenient means of integrating mid-infra⁃red light sources and achieving photoelectric detection chips.

关键词： InAs/GaAsSb superlattice waveguide detector evanescent coupling GaAsSb waveguide

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CAS-ESM2.0 Dataset for the Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project(CDRMIP)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 989-1000页

作者： Jiangbo jin Duoying JI Xiao DONG Kece FEI Run GUO Juanxiong HE Yi YU Zhaoyang chai He ZHANG Dongling ZHANG Kangjun CHEN Qingcun ZENG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology College of Global Change and Earth System ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Understanding the response of the Earth system to varying concentrations of carbon dioxide(CO_(2.)is critical for projecting possible future climate change and for providing insight into mitigation and adaptation strategies in the near *** this study,we generate a dataset by conducting an experiment involving carbon dioxide removal(CDR)—a potential way to suppress global warming—using the Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth System Model version 2.0(CASESM2.0).A preliminary evaluation is *** model is integrated from 2.0–340 years as a 1%yr^(−1) CO_(2. concentration increase experiment,and then to~478 years as a carbon dioxide removal experiment until CO_(2. returns to its original ***,another 80 years is integrated in which CO_(2. is kept *** in the 2.m temperature,precipitation,sea surface temperature,ocean temperature,Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC),and sea surface height are all *** the ramp-up period,the global mean 2.m temperature and precipitation both increase while the AMOC *** of all the above variables change in the opposite direction in the ramp-down period,with a delayed peak relative to the CO_(2. *** CO_(2. returns to its original value,the global mean 2.m temperature is still~1 K higher than in the original state,and precipitation is~0.07 mm d^(–1) *** the end of the simulation,there is a~0.5°C increase in ocean temperature and a 1 Sv weakening of the *** model simulation produces similar results to those of comparable experiments previously reported in the literature.

关键词： CAS-ESM2.0 CDRMIP carbon dioxide removal AMOC temperature precipitation sea surface height

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Gestational diabetes mellitus combined with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus, four cases of double diabetes: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 787-794页

作者： Hui Li Yun chai Wei-Hong Guo Yu-Meng Huang Xiao-Na Zhang Wen-Li Feng Qing He jin Cui Ming Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China

BACKGROUND Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus(FT1DM)that occurs during pregnancy or the perinatal period is known as pregnancy-related FT1DM(PF),always without history of abnormal glucose ***,we present four patients who developed FT1DM during treatment but were first diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).CASE SUMMARY The clinical data of four patients with GDM combined with FT1DM admitted to our hospital between July 2.18 and April 2.2. were collected,and the patients and their infants were followed *** patients were diagnosed with GDM during the second trimester and were *** blood glucose level elevated suddenly during the third trimester and then were diagnosed with *** patients had an insulin allergy,and two had symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection before *** patient developed ketoacidosis,and three developed *** patients had cesarean section deliveries,and two had vaginal *** growth and development of the infants were normal.C-peptide levels were lower than those at onset,suggesting progressive impairment of islet *** frequencies of the DRB109:01,DQB103:03,DQA103:02.DPA101:03,DPA102.02.DPB105:01,DRB401:03,G 01:01,and G 01:04 human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-G alleles were high in the present *** In comparison with pregnancy-associated FT1DM(PF),patients with GDM combined with FT1DM had an older age of onset,higher body mass index,slower onset,fewer prodromal symptoms,and less *** pathogenesis may be due to various factors affecting the already fragileβ-cells of GDM patients with genetically susceptible class II HLA *** speculate that GDM combined with FT1DM during pregnancy,referred to as“double diabetes,”is a subtype of PF with its own unique characteristics that should be investigated further.

关键词： Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus Gestational diabetes mellitus Pregnancy-related fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus Double diabetes Case report

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Heterophase junction engineering-induced Co spin-state modulation of CoSe_(2. for large-current hydrogen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2660-2670页

作者： Bao-chai Xu Ya-Ping Miao Min-Qin Mao Dong-Lian Li Song Xie Wei-Hong jin Shu Xiao jing Wen Zaenab Abd-Allah Zhi-Tian Liu Xiang Peng Paul K.Chu Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Textile Science and Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic UniversityXi'an 710048China Institute of Advanced Wear and Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Institute of Safety Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Department of Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUK Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Efficient electrocatalysts are vital to large-current hydrogen production in commercial water splitting for green energy ***,a novel heterophase engineering strategy is described to produce polymorphic CoSe_(2.*** composition of the electrocatalysts consisting of both cubic CoSe_(2.(c-CoSe_(2.)and orthorhombic CoSe_(2.(o-CoSe_(2.)phases can be controlled *** results demonstrate that junction-induced spin-state modulation of Co atoms enhances the adsorption of intermediates and accelerates charge transfer resulting in superior large-current hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)***,the CoSe_(2.based heterophase catalyst with the optimal c-CoSe_(2.content requires an overpotential of merely 2.0 mV to achieve 1,000 mA·cm^(-2.as well as a Tafel slope of 50.4 mV·dec^(-1).Furthermore,the electrocatalyst can maintain a large current density of 1,500 mA·cm^(-2.for over 32. h without *** results reveal the advantages and potential of heterophase junction engineering pertaining to design and fabrication of low-cost transition metal catalysts for large-current water splitting.

关键词： Heterophase junction Spin-state Hydrogen evolution reaction Large current electrochemical hydrogen production Water splitting

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