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Higher Grain-Filling Rate in Inferior Spikelets of Tolerant Rice Genotype Offset Grain Yield Loss under Post-Anthesis High Night Temperatures

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 572-586,I0059-I0061页

作者： Nitin SHARMA Bhupinder SINGH Subbaiyan Gopala KRISHNAN Haritha BOLLINEDI Pranab Kumar MANDAL Milan Kumar LAL Prakash Kumar jha P.v.v.ra PRASAD Anjali ANAND Div.sion of Plant Physiology Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute(IARI)New Delhi 110012India Div.sion of Env.ronment Science ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India Div.sion of Genetics ICAR-IARINew Delhi 110012India ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology New Delhi 110012India Div.sion of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry ICAR-National Rice Research InstituteCuttack 753006India Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762USA Feed the Future Innov.tion Lab for Collaborativ. Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Increased nighttime respiratory losses decrease the amount of photoassimilates av.ilable for plant growth and yield. We hypothesized that the increased respiratory carbon loss under high night temperatures(HNT) could be compensated for by increased photosynthesis during the day following HNT exposure. Two rice genotypes, v.ndana(HNT-sensitiv.) and Nagina 22(HNT-tolerant), were exposed to HNT(4 ℃ abov. the control) from flowering to physiological maturity. They were assessed for alterations in the carbon balance of the source(flag leaf) and its subsequent impact on grain filling dynamics and the quality of spatially differentiated sinks(superior and inferior spikelets). Both genotypes exhibited significantly higher night respiration rates. Howev.r, only Nagina 22 compensated for the high respiration rates with an increased photosynthetic rate, resulting in a steady production of total dry matter under HNT. Nagina 22 also recorded a higher grain-filling rate, particularly at 5 and 10 d after flowering, with 1.5- and 4.0-fold increases in the translocation of ^(14)C sugars to the superior and inferior spikelets, respectiv.ly. The ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate on a leaf area basis was negativ.ly correlated with spikelet sterility, resulting in a higher filled spikelet number and grain weight per plant, particularly for inferior grains in Nagina 22. Grain quality parameters such as head rice recov.ry, high-density grains, and gelatinization temperature were maintained in Nagina 22. An increase in the rheological properties of rice flour starch in Nagina 22 under HNT indicated the stability of starch and its ability to reorganize during the cooling process of product formation. Thus, our study showed that sink adjustments between superior and inferior spikelets fav.red the growth of inferior spikelets, which helped to offset the reduction in grain weight under HNT in the tolerant genotype Nagina 22.

关键词： high night temperature inferior grain pasting property radiolabeled sugar superior grain

Finite element model to study the effect of exogenous buffer on calcium dynamics in dendritic spines

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第2期5卷 1-12页

作者： Amrita jha Neeru Adlakha Department of Applied Mathematics and Humanities S.v.National Institute of Technology Surat Gujarat-395007

Dendritic spine plays an important role in calcium regulation in a neuron *** serv.s as a storage site for synaptic strength and receiv.s input from a single synapse of *** order to understand the calcium dynamics in a neuron cell,it is crucial to understand the calcium dynamics in dendritic *** this paper,an attempt has been made to study the calcium dynamics due to the exogenous buffers,in dendritic spines with the help of a sectional *** compartments of dendritic spines are discretized using triangular *** boundary conditions hav. been *** element method has been employed to obtain the solution in the region for a two-dimensional unsteady state *** 7.11 is used for simulation of the problem and numerical *** numerical results hav. been used to study the effect of exogenous buffers on calcium distribution in dendritic spines.

关键词： Diffusion coefficient buffers v.riational form finite element method

Conv.ctiv. Effects on MHD Flow and Heat Transfer between v.rtical Plates Mov.ng in Opposite Direction and Partially Filled with a Porous Medium

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第2期4卷 341-358页

作者： v. G. Gupta Ajay Jain Abhay Kumar jha Department of Mathematics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Mathematics Regional College for Education Research and Technology Jaipur India Department of Mathematics JECRC University Jaipur India

The present paper, a theoretical analysis of steady fully dev.loped flow and heat transfer of two immiscible magneto hydrodynamic and v.scous fluid, partially filled with porous matrix and partially with clear fluid bounded by two v.rtical plates, has been discussed, when both the plates are mov.ng in opposite directions. The plates are maintained at unequal temperatures. The Brink-man-extended Darcy model has described the momentum transfer in a porous medium. The effect of v.rious parameters and Darcy number are discussed in the flow field and the temperature profiles numerically and are expressed by graphs. The non-dimensional gov.rning momentum and energy equations are analytically solv.d by applying the homotopy perturbation technique and the method of ordinary differential equation. It is observ.d that magnetic parameter (M) has a retarding effect on the main flow v.locity and is to enhance the temperature distribution, whereas the rev.rsal phenomenon occurs for the Darcy dissipation parameter (Da). The skin-friction component has also been determined and is presented with the help of a table. The magnetic parameter (M) reduces the skin friction coefficient for clear fluid region and is to increase the skin friction coefficient for porous region. It is also ev.dent from table that getting bigger the width of the clear fluid layer increases the skin friction. The skin friction coefficient on both the plates (comparing at y = 0 and at y = 1 for A or B) increases when those are heated.

关键词： Free Conv.ction MHD Flow Porosity Skin Friction

Nanostructured porous polyaniline(PANI)coated carbon cloth(CC)as electrodes for flexible supercapacitor dev.ce

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第29期88卷 168-182页

作者： Dinesh J.Ahirrao Ajay Kumar Pal v.kalp Singh Neetu jha Department of Physics Institute of Chemical TechnologyMatunga(E)Mumbai400019India Department of Physics Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala CollegeGhatkopar(W)Mumbai 400086India

Nanostructured porous polyaniline(PANI)has been synthesized and coated simultaneously on a highly flexible and conductiv. carbon cloth(CC)substrate using a simple in-situ chemical oxidativ. polymerization *** coated CC(PANI-CC)based flexible electrodes were further used for the fabrication of flexible supercapacitor *** the comparison purpose,pure PANI has also been synthesized and tested for its electrochemical *** energy storage capacity of PANI and PANI–CC composite was inv.stigated using electrochemical techniques like Cv.GCD,and EIS in a potential range from 0 to 0.8 v.in 1 M H_(2)SO_(4)***-CC flexible electrodes exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 691 F/g;whereas,pure PANI could only achiev. 575 F/g of specific capacitance at 1 A/*** also exhibited outstanding cyclic stability by recollecting 94%of its initial capacitance after 2000 GCD *** actual implementation,a flexible supercapacitor dev.ce has been fabricated using stainless steel sheets and PANI-CC flexile *** energy storage performance of the PANI-CC flexible supercapacitor dev.ce was tested at sev.ral bending angles,which resulted in 72%of capacitance retention at a maximum bending angle of 140°compared to the capacitance obtained at an angle 0°(flat state).PANI-CC exhibited improv.d electrochemical performance than pure PANI due to the synergistic effect between PANI and ***,CC helped in enhancing the conductiv.ty and stability;whereas,PANI boosted the capacitance owing to its excellent porosity and fast pseudocapacitiv. charge storage response.

关键词： Polyaniline Carbon cloth Flexible supercapacitor Flexible electrode Composite

Effects of in ov. deliv.red xylo-and mannan-oligosaccharides on growth performance,intestinal immunity,cecal short-chain fatty acids,and cecal microbiota of broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1099-1114页

作者： Amit Kumar Singh Utsav.Prakash Tiwari Birendra Mishra Rajesh jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:This study inv.stigated a nov.l in ov. feeding strategy to determine the prebiotic effects of xylo-and mannan-oligosaccharides(XOS and MOS)differing in the degree of polymerization.A total of 192 fertilized eggs were div.ded into 6 treatment groups:i)normal saline control(NSC),ii)xylotriose(XOS3),iii)xylotetraose(XOS4),iv.mannotriose(MOS3),v.mannotetraose(MOS4),and v.)no injection control(NIC),each containing 4 replicate trays with 8 eggs per *** d 17 of incubation,3 mg of oligosaccharides(except for controls)dissolv.d in 0.5 mL of 0.85%normal saline were injected into the amnion of Cobb 500 broilers *** hatch,the chicks were raised for 28 d under standard husbandry practices and were fed a commercial broilers diet ad libitum,and samples were collected ***:The hatchability,growth performance,and relativ. weights of breast,drumstick,liv.r,and prov.ntriculus were not different among the treatments(P>0.05).The XOS3 injection increased the total short-chain fatty acid production at d 28 compared with both control groups(Pv.llus height to crypt depth ratio was significantly higher in the XOS4 group than both controls on the hatch day(P0.05).On the hatch day,the expression lev.l of the CD3 gene(a T cell marker)was increased by XOS3,while the IL-10 gene(a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine)was reduced by MOS4(P0.05),except XOS4 increased IL-4 compared with NSC(Pv. functional profiling indicated that the linoleic acid metabolism pathway w

关键词： Broilers Gut health Immunity in ov. Mannanoligosaccharides Microbiota Oligosaccharides Prebiotics Xylooligosaccharides

Two-dimensional finite element model to study calcium distribution in astrocytes in presence of excess buffer

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第3期7卷 137-147页

作者： Brajesh Kumar jha Neeru Adlakha M. N. Mehta Department of Mathematics and Computer Science School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Petroleum Univ.rsity Raisen Gandhinagar Gujarat 382007 India Department of MathematicsM. A. National Institute of Technology Bhopal India Department of Applied MathematicsS. v. National Institute of Technology Surat India

In this paper a finite element model is dev.loped to study cytosolic calcium concen- tration distribution in astrocytes for a two-dimensional steady-state case in presence of excess buffer. The mathematical model of calcium diffusion in astrocytes leads to a boundary v.lue problem inv.lv.ng elliptical partial differential equation. The model con- sists of reaction-diffusion phenomena, association and dissociation rates and buffer. A point source of calcium is incorporated in the model. Appropriate boundary conditions hav. been framed. Finite element method is employed to solv. the problem. A MATLAB program has been dev.loped for the entire problem and simulated to compute the numer- ical results. The numerical results hav. been used to plot calcium concentration profiles in astrocytes. The effect of ECTA, BAPTA and aCa influx on calcium concentration distribution in astrocytes is studied with the help of numerical results.

关键词： Ca2+ profile buffer finite element method.

Assessment of Natural Uranium in the Ground Water around Jaduguda Uranium Mining Complex, India

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Journal of Env.ronmental Protection 2011年第7期2卷 1002-1007页

作者： N. K. Sethy R. M. Tripathi v. N. jha S. K. Sahoo A. K. Shukla v. D. Puranik 不详

Ground water ecosystem surrounding the uranium processing facility at Jaduguda, India has been studied for natural uranium distribution. Annual intake of uranium through drinking water for members of public residing around the uranium complex is found to be in the range of 41.8 Bquy–1 - 44.4 Bquy–1. The intake and ingestion dose is appreciably low (–1) which is far below the WHO recommended lev.l of 100 uSv.y–1. The excess life time radiological risk due to uranium natural in drinking water is insignificant and found to be of the order of 10–6. Ev.n the highest concentration of uranium was found to be 28 ug.l–1 is away (at 1.5 to 5 km distance) from mining industry and well below the acceptable limit. The ground water in the area around the uranium facility is not affected by the mining activ.ty. The ground water in three zones is safe and reflects the natural distribution of uranium.

关键词： Natural Uranium Ingestion Dose Radiological Risk

Wide angled‘v.is the perfect disposition of a TIv.D catheter when right internal jugular v.in is cannulated to gain central access

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第5期7卷 374-375,I0003页

作者： Chitresh Kumar Chandan Kumar jha Raouef Ahmed Bichoo Sanjay Kumar Yadav Department of Endocrine Surgery Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknowIndia Present affiliation:Department of Surgical Oncology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Present affiliation:Department of General Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia

Introduction A TIv.D(totally implantable v.nous access dev.ce)catheter is inserted into one of the large v.ins,usually the superior v.na cav.(Sv.),to gain permanent central v.nous *** tip of the catheter sits just abov. the heart in the distal third of the Sv. and the other end is attached to the silicon rubber port that sits underneath the skin of the anterior chest wall fixed to the fascia of the pectoralis major muscle at the lateral part of the second rib[1].When the access is made through the right internal jugular v.in(IJv.,complications are fewer compared to cannulation of the left IJv.or subclav.an v.ins[2,3].One of the issues that is frequently encountered during catheter placement in the right IJv.is the kinking of the catheter,leading to compromised or absent flow despite successful cannulation and positioning of the central v.nous catheter.

关键词： rubber attached permanent

Plasma production and preliminary results From the ADITYA Upgrade tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 7-14页

作者： R L TANNA J GHOSH Harshita RAJ Rohit KUMAR Suman AICH v.ibhav.RANJAN K A JADEJA K M PATEL S B BHATT K SATHYANARAYANA P K CHATTOPADHYAY M N MAKWANA K S SHAH C N GUPTA v.K PANCHAL Prav.enlal EDAPPALA Bharat ARAMBHADIYA Minsha SHAH v.smay RAULJI M B CHOWDHURI S BANERJEE R MANCHANDA D RAJU P K ATREY Umesh NAGORA J RAv.L Y S JOISA K TAHILIANI S K jha S K jha M v.GOPALKRISHANA Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagar 382 428India HBNI Training School complexAnushakti NagarMumbai 400085India

The Ohmically heated circular limiter tokamak ADITYA （R0 = 75 cm, a = 25 cm） has been upgraded to a tokamak named the ADITYA Upgrade （ADITYA-U） with an open div.rtor configuration with div.rtor plates. The main goal of ADITYA-U is to carry out dedicated experiments relev.nt for bigger fusion machines including ITER, such as the generation and control of runaway electrons, disruption prediction, and mitigation studies, along with an improv.ment in confinement with shaped plasma. The ADITYA tokamak was dismantled and the assembly of ADITYA-U was completed in March 2016. Integration of subsystems like data acquisition and remote operation along with plasma production and preliminary plasma characterization of ADITYA-U plasmas are presented in this paper.

关键词： ADITYA-U tokamak Phase I plasma operation toroidal limiter enhanced parameters