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Smelling fit： scent marking exposes parasitic infection status in the banded mongoose

Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 237-247页

作者： jessica mITCHELL michael A. CANT Emma I.K. VITIKAINEN Hazel J. NICHOLS School of Natural Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 AF UK Centrefor Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus TRIO 9FE UK

Preference for uninfected mates is presumed beneficial as it minimizes one＇s risk of contracting an infection and infecting one＇s offspring. In avian systems, visual ornaments are often used to indi- cate parasite burdens and facilitate mate choice. However, in mammals, olfactory cues have been proposed to act as a mechanism allowing potential mates to be discriminated by infection status. The effect of infection upon mammalian mate choice is mainly studied in captive rodents where ex- perimental trials support preference for the odors of uninfected mates and some data suggest scent marking is reduced in individuals with high infection burdens. Nevertheless, whether such effects occur in nonmodel and wild systems remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the interplay between parasite load （estimated using fecal egg counts） and scent marking behavior in a wild population of banded mongooses mungos mungo. Focusing on a costly protozoan parasite of the genus Isospora and the nematode worm Toxocara, we first show that banded mongooses that engage in frequent, intensive scent marking have lower Isospora loads, suggesting marking behavior may be an indicator trait regarding infection status. We then use odor presentations to demonstrate that banded mongooses mark less in response to odors of opposite sexed individuals with high Isospora and Toxocara loads. As both of these parasites are known to have detrimental effects upon the health of preweaned young in other species, they would appear key targets to avoid during mate choice. Results provide support for scent as an important ornament and mechanism for advertising parasitic infection within wild mammals.

关键词： Isospora olfaction parasite scent scent preferences Toxocara.

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Elevated L-lactate Promotes major Cellular Pathologies Associated with Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第3期37卷 380-384页

作者： Andrew DChapp jessica EBehnke Kyle mDriscoll Taija Hahka Zoe LaLonde Zhiying Shan Qing-Hui Chen Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA Department of Biological Sciences Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Dear Editor,Small,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)(acetic acid,propionic acid,and butyric acid:conjugate bases,acetate,propionate,and butyrate)as well as the alpha-hydroxy acid,L-lactic acid(conjugate base,L-lactate)are important energy substrates and signaling molecules in the central nervous system(CNS)[1,2].L-lactic acid is produced by glycolysis[3]and gut microbes[4]and is released in large quantities during exercise[5].

关键词： conjugate bases quantities

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Black soldier fly larvae in broiler diets improve broiler performance and modulate the immune system

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 695-706页

作者： jessica de Souza Vilela Nicholas m.Andronicos manisha Kolakshyapati matthew Hilliar Terence Z.Sibanda Nigel R.Andrew Robert A.Swick Stuart Wilkinson Isabelle Ruhnke School of Environmental and Rural Science Faculty of ScienceAgricultureBusiness and LawUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia Insect Ecology Lab Natural History MuseumZoologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia Feedworks Pty Ltd. RomseyVICAustralia

Non-conventional feed ingredients are receiving more interest in their ability to increase farming effi-ciency,sustainability and animal *** objective of this study was to determine the optimal rate of inclusion level of the full-fat black soldier fly larvae(BSFL)in broiler diets and to evaluate their impact on performance,nutrient digestibility,and the immune system(blood cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes).A total of 400 male day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups with 8 replicates *** inclusion levels of full-fat BSFL were investigated across starter(0,2.5%,5%,7.5%and 10%),grower and finisher diets(0,5%,10%,15%and 20%).All diets were formulated based on digestible amino acid values according to the Aviagen(2016)recommendations.A polynomial regression at different degrees was performed to analyse broiler performance parameters(body weight,body weight gain,feed intake,and feed conversion ratio),nutrient digestibility,and blood cell *** lymphocyte population data was analysed performing univariate linear *** the entire experimental period(from 2 to 42 d),BSFL inclusion levels decreased the feed conversion ratio by 10%in broilers that received 20%BSFL in their diets(Pmphocytes and white blood cell count decreased linearly by 47.7%and 35.9%,respectively,with up to 20%BSFL inclusion(Pmphocytes and a 9.7-fold decrease of CD3+CD8+intestinal cytotoxic T lymphocytes occurred in broilers fed 20%BSFL compared to the control *** findings suggest that the inclusion of BSFL can improve broiler performance and potentially reduce immune response energy expenditure in birds fed 20%BSFL for 42 d.

关键词： Antimicrobial peptides Chitin Feed insects Poultry Protein

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Vanadium-dependent activation of glucose transport in adipocytes by catecholamines is not mediated via adrenoceptor stimulation or monoamine oxidase activity

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第12期11卷 622-643页

作者： jessica Fontaine Geneviève Tavernier Nathalie morin Christian Carpéné Institut des maladies métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleINSERM UMR1048UniversitéPaul Sabatier Toulouse IIIToulouse 31432France INSERm UmR 1139 Facultéde Pharmacie Universitéde ParisParis 75006France

BACKGROUND Benzylamine and methylamine activate glucose uptake in *** tyramine,this effect has even been extended to *** To investigate the effects of catecholamines and other amines on glucose *** A screening compared 25 biogenic amines on 2-deoxyglucose(2-DG)uptake activation in rat *** approaches and transgenic mouse models were then used to decipher the mode of action of several *** In rat adipocytes,insulin stimulation of 2-DG uptake was reproduced with catecholamines.100μmol/L or 1 mmol/L adrenaline,noradrenaline,dopamine and deoxyepinephrine,maximally activated hexose transport only when sodium orthovanadate was added at 100μmol/*** activation was similar to that already reported for benzylamine,methylamine and tyramine,well-recognized substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase(SSAO)and monoamine oxidase(mAO).Several,but not all,tested agonists ofβ-adrenoreceptors(β-ARs)also activated glucose transport whileα-AR agonists were *** of blockade byα-andβ-AR antagonists indicated that catecholamine-induced 2-DG uptake was not mediated by AR *** from mice lackingβ1-,β2-andβ3-ARs(triple KO)also responded to millimolar doses of adrenaline or noradrenaline by activating hexose transport in the presence of 100μmol/L *** mAO blocker pargyline,and SSAO inhibitors did not block the effects of adrenaline or noradrenaline plus vanadate,which were blunted by *** Catecholamines exert unexpected insulin-like actions in adipocytes when combined with *** limiting insulin resistance by activating glucose consumption at least in fat stores,we propose that catecholamine derivatives combined with vanadium can generate novel complexes that may have low toxicity and promising anti-diabetic properties.

关键词： Adipocyte Amine oxidases Insulin Diabetes Vanadium Obesity

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Epigenetic Tumor Response to Hypoxia: An Epimutation Pattern and a method of multi Targeted Epigenetic Therapy (mTET)

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2016年第4期7卷 254-269页

作者： m. A. Nezami Steven Hager jessica Garner Pacific medical Center of Hope Fresno CA USA cCARE Cancer Treatment Center Fresno CA USA

In most cases, cancer develops as a result of non-inheritable somatic mutations (epimutations), acquired by the individual adult cell, during the evolution of the cell, and propagated into an expanding clone of progeny of the cells by natural selection [1]. The role of microenvironment in selection for such acquired mutations, or epimutations, is a focus of scientific research in carcinogenesis [2]. Here we describe a defective DNA response to hypoxia due to epigenetic aberrancies, in cancer cellular biology [3]. We also summarize a literature review on hypoxia mediated epigenetic responses, and its role in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Further, we review a novel method of treating hypoxic solid tumors with a combination of epigenetic modifiers with both in vitro and in vivo results in human, translating to an improved prognosis and clinical outcome. We propose that this approach both independently and synergistically (with the current standard of care) can provide an improved outcome.

关键词： Epigenetic Hypoxia Epimutations Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 Circulatory Tumor DNA Circulatory Tumor Cells

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Two mitochondrial phosphatases,PP2c63 and Sal2,are required for posttranslational regulation of the TCA cycle in Arabidopsis

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molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1104-1118页

作者： Youjun Zhang Jonas Giese Sandra m.Kerbler Beata Siemiatkowska Leonardo Perez de Souza jessica Alpers David Barbosa medeiros Dirk K.Hincha Danilo m.Daloso mark Stitt Iris Finkemeier Alisdair R.Fernie max-Planck-lnstitut fur molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria lnstitute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of MuensterSchlossplatz 748149 MuensterGermany Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia molecular Universidade Federal do CearaFortalezaCearaBrasil

Protein phosphorylation is a well-established post-translational mechanism that regulates protein functions and metabolic *** is known that several plant mitochondrial proteins are phosphorylated in a reversible ***,the identities of the protein kinases/phosphatases involved in this mech-anism and their roles in the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle remain *** this study,we isolated and characterized plants lacking two mitochondrially targeted phosphatases(Sal2 and PP2c63)along with pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase(PDK),Protein-protein interaction analysis,quantitative phos-phoproteomics,and enzymatic analyses revealed that PDK specifically regulates pyruvate dehydrogenase complex(PDC),while PP2c63 nonspecifically regulates *** recombinant PP2c63 and Sal2 proteins were added to mitochondria isolated from mutant plants,protein-protein interaction and enzymatic analyses showed that PP2c63 directly phosphorylates and modulates the activity of PDC,while Sal2 only indirectly affects TCA cycle *** of steady-state metabolite levels and fluxes in the mutant lines further revealed that these phosphatases regulate flux through the TCA cycle,and that altered metabolism in the sa/2 pp2c63 double mutant compromises plant *** results are discussed in the context of current models of the control of respiration in plants.

关键词： TCA cycle pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation mitochondrial protein phosphatase TCA cycle enzymes phosphorylation

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EmT and Anti-EmT Strategies in Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第11期6卷 1013-1019页

作者： m. A. Nezami Steven Hager jessica Garner Pacific medical Center of Hope Fresno CA USA Ccare Fresno CA USA

This article discusses the role of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EmT) and addresses the scientific merits on epigenetic regulation of EmT. The importance of EmT as a prognostic biomarker is explored and the rationale on application of multitargeted epigenetic therapy is discussed. We describe a literature review of the epigenetic influence of such process and we present a potentially effective method to reverse the epigenetic switch in favor for mET, in a clinical setting. A case series of advanced solid tumors are summarized aiming at generating hypothesis for the future recommendations for clinical trials targeting the tumor’s biological behavior through inhibition of EmT. Hypothesis: We propose an integral and integrative approach that can modify tumor’s biological behavior through inhibition of EmT, and further reduce the chances of metastasis, that can translate to improved outcome and patient’s survival in advanced disease.

关键词： Cancer EmT Anti-EmT Epigenetic CTC ctDNA

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Use of orthotics with orthotic sandals versus the sole use of orthotics for plantar fasciitis:Randomised controlled trial

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第9期14卷 707-719页

作者： Portia Amoako-Tawiah Holly Love Jaida Chacko madathilethu jessica LaCourse Alice E Fortune Jonathan m G Sims George Ampat School of medicine University of LiverpoolMerseysideLiverpool L693GEUnited Kingdom Urology Royal Stoke University HospitalStaffordshireStoke ST46QGUnited Kingdom Research Unit Talita Cumi Ltd.MerseysideSouthport PR83NSUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Plantar fasciitis(PF)affects around 10%of the *** orthotics with arch support has been shown to provide symptom relief in PF by decreasing the repetitive stress sustained by the plantar ***,prefabricated orthotics are only effective when shoes are worn,meaning the foot may be left unsupported when it is impractical to wear *** orthotic sandals in conjunction with prefabricated orthotics may increase PF symptom relief,as they can be worn inside the home,extending the period in which the foot is *** To compare the combined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals vs the sole use of prefabricated orthotics in the treatment of *** 98 participants with PF were randomised into two *** intervention group received the Aetrex L420 Compete orthotics and the Aetrex L3000 maui Flips(orthotic sandals),whilst the control group received the Aetrex L420 Compete orthotics *** pain was assessed both by the numerical rating scale(NRS)and the pain sub-scale of the foot health status questionnaire(FHSQ).Foot functionality was measured using the function sub-scale of the *** change was measured using the global rating of change scale(GROC).RESULTS Foot pain scores measured both by NRS and FHSQ pain sub-scale showed statistically significant reductions in foot pain in both groups(Pmprovements(Pmeasured by the FHSQ function subscale and improvement of symptoms as measured by the GROC ***-group analysis showed that the intervention group with the combined use of orthotics and orthotic sandals scored better on all four outcome measures as compared to the control group with the sole use of ***,the between-group analysis only reached statistical significance on the NRS pain score(Pmbined use of prefabricated orthotics and orthotic sandals provides a greater d

关键词： Plantar fasciitis Foot diseases musculoskeletal pain Foot orthoses

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mind on statistics 2nd ed.

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丛书名：国外高校优秀教材精选

2005年

作者： Utts jessica m.

全书内容包括数据的采集、整理与概括, 变量之间的相关关系与分析, 概率与随机变量, 随机变量的数字特征, 点估计和区间估计, 回归分析与方差分析等。

ISBN: (纸本)7111109465 :

关键词： Statistics.

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Control of tendon cell fate in the embryonic limb: A molecular perspective

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BIOCELL 2023年第3期47卷 465-471页

作者： jessica CRISTINA mARÍN-LLERA CARLOS AmAURY JImÉNEZ-CÁRDENAS JESÚS CHImAL-mONROY Departamento de medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad UniversitariaApartado Postal 70228MéxicoDF 04510México

The molecular cascade underlying tendon formation starts when progenitor cells begin to express the Scleraxis(Scx)*** knockout mice develop some but not all tendons,suggesting that additional factors are necessary for tendon commitment,maintenance,and *** transcription factors,such as mohawk(mkx)or early growth response(Egr),maintain Scx expression and extracellular matrix formation during *** inhibition of wingless and int-related protein signaling is necessary and sufficient to induce the expression of *** the commitment of tenogenic lineage occurs,transforming growth factor-beta(TGFβ)induces the Scx gene expression,becoming involved in the maintenance of tendon cell *** this point of view,we discussed two phases of the tenogenic process during limb development:dependent and independent of mechanical ***,we highlight the importance of understanding embryonic tendon development to improve therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicines for tendons.

关键词： Tendon differentiation Tenocyte Scleraxis mohawk Early growth response Tendon development WNT TGFβ

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