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linking microbial community analysis and ecosystem studies: A rapid lipid analysis protocol for high throughput

Soil Ecology letters 2019年第1期1卷 22-32页

作者： Teri C.Balser Chao liang jessica l.M.Gutknecht Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison1525 Observatory DriveMadisonWI 53706USA Faculty of Science and Engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845 Australia Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of Minnesota439 Borlaug Hall1991 Upper Buford CircleSt.PaulMN 55108USA

During the past two decades interest in linking soil microbial community composition and activity with ecosystem scale field studies of nutrient cycling or plant community response to disturbances has *** its importance there are challenges in making this *** is the question of analytical *** general,microbiological community-level methodologies have not been readily adaptable to the large sample sizes necessary for ecosystem-scale *** a result,it has been difficult to generate compatible microbial and ecosystem data *** lipid analysis shows potential as a middle ground between simple biomass measures and molecular ***,the two protocols that have most often been followed are either rapid but indiscriminate(total lipid analysis or fatty acid methyl ester analysis;FAME),or precise but time consuming(phospholipid fatty acid analysis;PlFA).In this paper we report results from a standardized soil used test a modified extraction method(the‘hybrid’method)developed to balance the speed of FAME and the precision of PlFA in order to increase sample *** comparing the three methods,we find that FAME and PlFA are qualitatively and quantitatively *** FAME method yielded the highest fatty acid abundance,but also had high variance resulting in low *** PlFA method had precision,but low ***‘hybrid’method fell midway between FAME and PlFA for quantitative fatty acid *** addition,the hybrid extraction can be completed in a fraction of the time it takes for *** hybrid protocol appears to provide an optimal balance between effort and accuracy and therefore is a good choice for large-scale ecosystem studies.

关键词： Microbial community composition lipid analysis PlFA MIDI-FAME Ecosystem studies

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Exercise as a therapy for cancer-induced muscle wasting

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 186-194页

作者： jessica l.Halle Brittany R.Counts James A.Carson Integrative Muscle Biology laboratory Division of Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Cancer cachexia is a progressive disorder characterized by body weight,fat,and muscle *** induces metabolic disruptions that can be analogous and distinct from those observed in cancer,obscuring both diagnosis and treatment ***,hypogonadism,and physical inactivity are widely investigated as systemic mediators of cancer-induced muscle *** the cellular level,dysregulation of protein turnover and energy metabolism can negatively impact muscle mass and *** is well known for its anti-inflammatory effects and potent stimulation of anabolic *** evidence suggests the potential for exercise to rescue muscle's sensitivity to anabolic stimuli,reduce wasting through protein synthesis modulation,myokine release,and subsequent downregulation of proteolytic *** date,there is no recommendation for exercise in the management of *** its complex nature,a multimodal approach incorporating exercise offers promising potential for cancer cachexia *** review's primary objective is to summarize the growing body of research examining exercise regulation of cancer ***,we will provide evidence for exercise interactions with established systemic and cellular regulators of cancer-induced muscle wasting.

关键词： Physical activity Anabolic resistance Inflammation Il-6 Metabolic dysfunction Protein turnover

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Evaluation of the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea isolates against subterranean termites Coptotermes spp.(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 213-218页

作者： J.J.jessica T.l.Peng A.S.Sajap S.H.lee S.A.Syazwan Department of Forest Management Faculty of ForestryUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University Malaysia Kelantan Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Mycology and Pathology laboratory Forest Biodiversity Division Forest Research Institute Malaysia

The entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea Wize, formerly known as Paecilomyces fumosoroseus is reported as a promising biocontrol agent for controlling subterranean termites, particularly those belonging to the family Rhinotermitidae. In Malaysia, the family Rhinotermitidae includes two species of subterranean termites with extremely high economic importance; namely Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, and the Asian Slubterranean Termite (Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann). To comprehend the potential control of this soil-dwelling fungus against these subterranean termites in Malaysia, an investigation was carried out by testing the pathogenecity of 11 isolates against these termite species. All isolates showed pathogenic potential against the termite (Mortality rate of C. curvignathus:84.4%; C. gestroi:67.3%). IsolatePF49 was the most effective against both species of termites and was further tested for its virulence and *** lC_(50) values of PF49 against C. curvignathus and *** were 7.55×103 and 1.09×102 conidia/ml,respectively. The average number of days required to complete the mycosis process in C. curvignathus and *** were 4.7 and 8 days, respectively. These fungi are believed useful for protecting living trees, plants, wood,wood structures, and other cellulosic materials susceptible to termite infestation and damage.

关键词： Biological control Entomopathogenic fungus Subterranean termites lethal concentration

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Putative nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits express differentially through the life cycle of codling moth, Cydia pomonella （lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 277-287页

作者： jessica A. Martin Stephen F. Garczynski USDA-ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato WA 98951 USA

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors （nAChRs） are the targets of neonicotinoids and spinosads, two insecticides used in orchards to effectively control codling moth, Cydia pomonella （l.）（lepidoptera： Tortricidae）. Orchardists in Washington State are concerned about the possibility of codling moth field populations developing resistance to these two insecticides. In an effort to help mitigate this issue, we initiated a project to identify and characterize codling moth nAChR subunits expressed in heads. This study had two main goals; （i） identify transcripts from a codling moth head transcriptome that encode for nAChR subunits, and （ii） determine nAChR subunit expression profiles in various life stages of codling moth. From a codling moth head transcriptome, 24 transcripts encoding for 12 putative nAChR subunit classes were identified and verified by PCR amplification, cloning, and sequence determination. Characterization of the deduced protein sequences encoded by putative nAChR transcripts revealed that they share the distinguishing features of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily with 9 α-type subunits and 3 β- type subunits identified. Phylogenetic analysis comparing these protein sequences to those of other insect nAChR subunits supports the identification of these proteins as nAChR subunits. Stage expression studies determined that there is clear differential expression of many of these subunits throughout the codling moth life cycle. The information from this study will be used in the future to monitor for potential target-site resistance mechanisms to neonicotinoids and spinosads in tolerant codling moth populations.

关键词： codling moth nAChR expression nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits

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Comparison of l-band and X-band differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar for mine subsidence monitoring in central Utah

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 159-163页

作者： jessica M.Wempen Michael K.McCarter Department of Mining Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112USA

Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(DIn SAR), a satellite-based remote sensing technique, has potential application for measuring mine subsidence on a regional scale with high spatial and temporal resolutions. However, the characteristics of synthetic aperture radar(SAR) data and the effectiveness of DIn SAR for subsidence monitoring depend on the radar band(wavelength). This study evaluates the effectiveness of DIn SAR for monitoring subsidence due to longwall mining in central Utah using l-band(24 cm wavelength) SAR data from the advanced land observing satellite(AlOS)and X-band(3 cm wavelength) SAR data from the Terra SAR-X mission. In the Wasatch Plateau region of central Utah, which is characterized by steep terrain and variable ground cover conditions, areas affected by longwall mine subsidence are identifiable using both l-band and X-band DIn ***, using l-band data, subsidence magnitudes are measurable. Compared to X-band, l-band data are less affected by signal saturation due to large deformation gradients and by temporal decorrelation due to changes in the surface conditions over time. The l-band data tend to be stable over relatively long periods(months). Short wavelength X-band data are strongly affected by signal saturation and temporal decorrelation, but regions of subsidence are typically identifiable over short periods(days). Additionally,though subsidence magnitudes are difficult to precisely measure in the central Utah region using X-band data, they can often be reasonably estimated.

关键词： Mine subsidence DInSAR Terra SAR-X AlOS Interferometry

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Evidence for cold events in the early Holocene from the Guliya ice core, Tibetan Plateau,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第17期47卷 1422-1427页

作者： WANG Ninglian YAO Tandong l.G.Thompson K.A.Henderson M.E.davis Key laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Byrd Polar Research Center the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Evidence for the '8.2 ka cold event' has been provided mostly from the circum-North Atlantic area. However, whether this cold event occurred in other places is a key to understanding its cause. Here, we provide the evidence for the '8.2 ka cold event' from the Guliya ice core in the northwest Tibetan Plateau, and it was found that the peak cooling (-8.3-8.2 ka) in this ice core was about 7.8-10°C, which was larger than the cooling in the North Atlantic region. The primary causes for this episode were diminished solar activity and weakened thermohaline circulation. Moreover, another weak cold event, centered about 9.4 ka, was also recorded in the Guliya ice core record. These two cold events were concurrent with the ice-rafting episodes in the North Atlantic during the early Holocene, which implies that the millennial-scale climatic cyclicity might exist in the Tibetan Plateau as well as in the North Atlantic.

关键词： Guliya ice core early Holocene abrupt climate change solar activity thermohaline circulation.

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Hospital resource intensity and cirrhosis mortality in United States

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第10期23卷 1857-1865页

作者： Amit K Mathur Apurba K Chakrabarti jessica l Mellinger Michael l Volk Ryan Day Andrew l Singer Winston R Hewitt Kunam S Reddy Adyr A Moss Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgeryMayo Clinic Arizona Robert D and Patricia E Kern Center for the Science of Healthcare Delivery Mayo Clinic Department of Medicine University of Michigan Department of Medicine Loma Linda University

To determine whether hospital characteristics predict cirrhosis mortality and how much variation in mortality is attributable to hospital *** used data from the 2005-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample and the American Hospital Association Annual survey to identify hospitalizations for decompensated cirrhosis and corresponding facility characteristics. We created hospital-specific risk and reliability-adjusted odds ratios for cirrhosis mortality, and evaluated patient and facility differences based on hospital performance quintiles. We used hierarchical regression models to determine the effect of these factors on ***-two thousand seven hundred and thirty-three cirrhosis admissions were evaluated in 805 hospitals. Hospital mean cirrhosis annual case volume was 90.4 (range 25-828). Overall hospital cirrhosis mortality rate was 8.00%. Hospital-adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for mortality ranged from 0.48 to 1.89. Patient characteristics varied significantly by hospital aOR for mortality. length of stay averaged 6.0 ± 1.6 days, and varied significantly by hospital performance (P lity level predictors of risk-adjusted mortality were higher Medicaid case-mix (OR = 1.00, P = 0.029) and lPN staffing (OR = 1.02, P = 0.015). Higher cirrhosis volume (OR = 0.99, P = 0.025) and liver transplant program status (OR = 0.83, P = 0.026) were significantly associated with survival. After adjusting for patient differences, era, and clustering effects, 15.3% of variation between hospitals was attributable to differences in facility *** characteristics account for a significant proportion of variation in cirrhosis mortality. These findings have several implications for patients, providers, and health care delivery in liver disease care and inpatient health care design.

关键词： Cirrhosis Mortality Hospital variation Resource utilization Quality Outcomes

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Muscle force and movement variability before and after total knee arthroplasty: A review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第2期5卷 69-79页

作者： jessica W Smith Jesse C Christensen Robin l Marcus Paul C laStayo Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Physical Therapy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Orthopedics University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108-1290 United States

Variability in muscle force output and movement variability are important aspects of identifying individuals with mobility deficits, central nervous system impairments, and future risk of falling. This has been investigated in elderly healthy and impaired adults, as well as in adults with osteoarthritis(OA), but the question of whether the same correlations also apply to those who have undergone a surgical intervention such as total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is still being investigated. While there is a growing body of literature identifying potential rehabilitation targets for individuals who have undergone TKA, it is important to first understand the underlying post-operative impairments to more efficiently target functional deficits that may lead to improvedlong-term outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the potential role of muscle force output and movement variability in TKA recipients. The narrative review relies on existing literature in elderly healthy and impaired individuals, as well as in those with OA before and following TKA. The variables that may predict longterm functional abilities and deficits are discussed in the context of existing literature in healthy older adults and older adults with OA and following TKA, as well as the role future research in this field may play in providing evidence-based data for improved rehabilitation targets.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Elderly Total knee arthroplasty Movement variability

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Challenges in elucidating cholangiocarcinoma etiology

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第4期9卷 537-539页

作者： Sarah S.Jackson Andrea A.Florio Katherine A.McGlynn jessica l.Petrick Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer InstituteNIHDHHSBethesdaMDUSA Slone Epidemiology Center Boston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Cholangiocarcinomas(CCAs)are rare tumors that originate from cholangiocytes in the bile ducts and are classified as intra-or extrahepatic(ICC or ECC).ICCs account for 10–12%of liver cancers,while ECCs account for approximately one-third of biliary tract cancers(1).Incidence rates of CCA are geographically variable,with the highest rates in ***,even in the highest incidence country(South Korea)the rates are only 2.8 and 2.2 per 100,000 person-years for ICC and ECC,respectively(2).Incidence rates of both ICC and ECC have been increasing in most countries globally,which potentially indicates a changing etiology(2).

关键词： etiology Incidence dating

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CircRNP complexes:from nature to design

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第1期15卷 7-12页

作者： Stephen Sukumar Nuthalapati Corinna jessica Ulshofer Albrecht Bindereif Institute of Biochemistry Justus Liebig University of Giessen35392 GiessenGermany

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)have recently been established as a new and large class of noncoding RNAs,conserved in all eukaryotes ***,functional and mechanistic investi-gations lag behind the rapid progress in circRNA expression studies,and no uniform function has emerged so ***,we focus on circRNA–protein(circRNP)complexes(circRNPs),since proteins associated with natural circRNAs likely guide us in the search for physiological functions of individual ***,approaches for how to systematically search for circRNA-interacting proteins in natural circRNPs will be summarized,including some experimental considerations important for good scientific ***,building on natural protein-sponging circRNAs,we introduce the concept of designer circRNAs functioning as specific protein sponges,using the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein l(hnRNP l)and IMP3 proteins as two examples of classical RNA-binding ***,we discuss the general implications of this concept,in particular how it can be applied as a new way to intervene with RNA-based gene-regulatory *** sum,designer circRNAs sponging specific proteins open up exciting new perspectives in molecular medicine and on therapeutic options to treat human disease.

关键词： complexes sponge likely

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