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Visual rating and the use of image analysis for assessing canopy density in a pecan provenance collection during leaf fall

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 1843-1854页

作者： Cristina Pisani Clive H.Bock jennifer Randall United States Department of Agriculture−Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station(SEFTNRS)ByronGA 31008USA Department of Entomology Plant Pathology and Weed ScienceNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA

A collection representing the native range of pecan was planted at the US DA-ARS Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station,Byron,*** collection(867 trees)is a valuable genetic resource for characterizing important horticultural *** density during leaf fall is important as the seasonal canopy dynamics provides insights to environmental cues and breeding potential of *** ability of visual raters to estimate canopy density on a subset of the provenance collection(76 trees)as an indicator of leaf shed during autumn along with image analysis values was *** canopy density using the image analysis software was less compared to visual estimates(11.9%vs 18.4%,respectively).At higher canopy densities,the raters overestimated foliage density,but overall agreement between raters and measured values was good(ρc=0.849 to 0.915),and inter-rater reliability was high(R^(2)=0.910 to 0.953).The provenance from Missouri(MOL),the northernmost provenance,had the lowest canopy density in November,and results show that the higher the latitude of the provenance,the lower the canopy *** on regression,the source provenance latitude explained 0.609 of the variation using image analysis,and0.551 to 0.640 when based on the rater estimates of canopy *** assessment of pecan canopy density due to late season leaf fall for comparing pecan genotypes provides accurate and reliable estimates and could be used in future studies of the whole provenance collection.

关键词： Carya illinoinensis Accuracy Reliability Canopy Foliage density Leaf area density Leaf area index

Immunotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第15期29卷 2261-2271页

作者： Ahan Bhatt jennifer Wu Division of Hematology and Oncology Perlmutter Cancer Center of NYU Langone HealthNYU School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is presented frequently in late stages that are not amenable for curative *** for patients who can undergo resection for curative treatment of HCC,up to 50%*** patients who were not exposed to systemic therapy prior to recurrence,recurrence frequently cannot be subjected to curative therapy or local *** patients have several options of immunotherapy(IO).This includes programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 treatment,combination of PD-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor or single agent PD-1 therapy when all other options are deemed *** are also investigational therapies in this area that explore either PD-1 and tyrosine kinase inhibitors or a novel agent in addition to PD-1 with vascular endothelial growth factor *** minireview explored IO options for patients with recurrent HCC who were not exposed to systemic therapy at the initial *** also discussed potential IO options for patients with recurrent HCC who were exposed to first-line therapy with curative intent at diagnosis.

关键词： Liver neoplasms Immune checkpoint blockade Combination drug therapy PD-1-PD-L1 blockade CTLA-4 inhibitor

Short, Medium, and Long-Term Stroke Mortality in Libreville and Associated Factors

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 39-50页

作者： Grass Aurelle Mambila Matsalou jennifer Nyangui Mapaga Pupchen M. Gnigone Minka’a Pagbe Michael Chermine Mboumba Mboumba Christian Allognon Mahutondji Aissata Ibrahima Camara Annick A. Nsounda Nelly Diouf Mbourou Michel-Arnaud Saphou-Damon Elsa Ayo Bivigou Philomene Kouna Ndouongo Neurology Department University Hospital of Libreville Libreville Gabon Cardiology Department University Hospitalof Libreville Libreville Gabon

Strokes are common around the world and especially in sub-Saharan Africa. They are responsible for severe sequelae and the majority of deaths. In Gabon, no study on stroke mortality has been conducted. Objective: To determine short, medium, long-term mortality and factors associated with long-term stroke mortality. Method: Our study took place in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital Center of Libreville (UHCL). It was a historical cohort study with descriptive and analytical purposes covering the period from June 1 to August 31, 2018 and taking into account hospitalized patients from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. We conducted a comprehensive systematic recruitment of patients with stroke, 18 years old and more, and had been agreed to give information. We included all patients meeting the inclusion criteria. The data was gathered using Epi-Info 7 software. The CHI-2 test was used for the comparison of frequencies and the Student’s test, for comparison of means. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression allowed us to look for factors associated with long-term mortality. A result was statistically significant for a p 0.05 value. Results: At 3 months, 28 patients (18.1%) died, at 6 months thirty-one patients or 20.1% died. At 5 years old, fifty-three patients or 34.4% had died. The factors associated with long-term mortality, if the lost of sight were all alive were tobacco (p = 0.01) and stroke (p = 0.008). If all those who were lost to sight had died, no factor was associated with 5-year mortality. Conclusion: Stroke mortality must not be taken for granted, it can be underestimated because of the large number of lost sight. Measures must be put in place to strengthen post-stroke monitoring. .

关键词： Stroke Mortality Associated Factors Libreville

Local and range-wide distribution of song types suggest Ovenbirds(Seiurus aurocapilla)have song neighborhoods but not macro-dialects

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 191-199页

作者： Patrick M.Jagielski jennifer R.Foote Department of Biology Algoma UniversitySault Ste.MarieONCanada

The song systems of oscine passerines(songbirds)are complex and *** songs are used for both mate attraction and territory defense and are therefore important signals for survival and reproduction,comprehensive knowledge of within and among species song structure and distribution is informative for understanding the evolution of song repertoires and vocal *** this study,we explored variation in the song structure of the Ovenbird(Seiurus aurocapilla),a widespread warbler(Family Parulidae)found in North American *** analyzed recordings from the 2021 breeding season to assess song type variation at a local(n=158 birds;Sault ***,ON)and breeding range scale(n=512 birds;eBird).We characterized the local song types and tested whether Ovenbirds share song types with their neighbors more often than expected by *** then characterized song types of Ovenbirds across the breeding range to determine whether any geographic pattern of song clustering exists(i.e.,macro-dialects).We found 10 distinct song types and some evidence for song type clustering at the local study site(i.e.,song neighborhoods).We found 7 of those 10 song types throughout the breeding range and identified an additional 24 types that were not recorded in our local *** found no evidence for song dialects across the Ovenbird breeding *** study contributes to our understanding of Ovenbird song while simultaneously adding to our understanding of geographic structuring of warbler *** work contributes to delineating a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting dialect development for this diverse group of songbirds.

关键词： Dialects eBird Geographic variation Ovenbird Parulidae Seiurus aurocapilla Song type

Knockdown of Na,K-ATPase β-subunits in Oncopeltus fasciatus induces molting problems and alterations in tracheal morphology

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 375-397页

作者： Marlena Herbertz jennifer Lohr Christian Lohr Susanne Dobler Division of Molecular Evolutionary Biology Department of BiologyInstitute of Cell and Systems Biology of AnimalsUniversitat HamburgHamburg20146Germany Division of Neurophysiology Department of BiologyInstitute of Cell and Systems Biology of AnimalsUniversitat HamburgHamburg20146Germany

The ubiquitously expressed transmembrane enzyme Na,K-ATPase(NKA)is vital in maintaining functionality of *** association of α-and β-subunits is believed to be essential for forming a functional *** the large milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus fourα1-paralogs and four β-subunits exist that can associate into NKA *** diversity raises the question of possible tissue-specific distribution and *** the α1-subunits are known to modulate cardenolide-resistance and ion-transport efficiency,the functional importance of the β-subunits needed further *** here characterize all four different β-subunits at the cellular,tissue,and whole organismal scales.A knockdown of different β-subunits heavily interferes with molting success resulting in strongly hampered *** failure of ecdysis might be related to disrupted septate junction(SJ)formation,also reflected in β2-suppression-induced alteration in tracheal *** data further suggest the existence of isolated β-subunits forming homomeric or β-heteromeric *** possible standalone and structure-specific distribution of the β-subunits predicts further,yet unknown pump-independent *** different effects caused byβknockdowns highlight the importance of the various β-subunits to fulfill tissue-specific requirements.

关键词： ecdysis insect Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase protein distribution RNAi septate junctions tissue-specific function

Sepsis during short bowel syndrome hospitalizations:Identifying trends,disparities,and clinical outcomes in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 26-36页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya jennifer Wachala Shantanu Solanki Dhanshree Solanki Asim Kichloo Samantha Holcomb Uvesh Mansuri Khwaja Saad Haq Hassam Ali Manesh Kumar Gangwani Yash R Shah Teresa Varghese Hafiz Muzaffar Akbar Khan Simon Peter Horslen Thomas D Schiano Syed-Mohammed Jafri Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CenterWatertownNY 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&Nutrition The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine Institute for Foreign Medical Graduate EducationHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Harbor HospitalBaltimoreMD 21225United States Department of Internal Medicine WellStar Spalding Regional HospitalGriffinGA 30224United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219United States Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMI 48202United States

BACKGROUND Short bowel syndrome(SBS)hospitalizations are often complicated with *** is a significant paucity of data on adult SBS hospitalizations in the United States and across the *** To assess trends and outcomes of SBS hospitalizations complicated by sepsis in the United *** The National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify all adult SBS hospitalizations between *** study cohort was further divided based on the presence or absence of *** were identified,and hospitalization characteristics and clinical outcomes were *** of mortality for SBS hospitalizations complicated with sepsis were *** Of 247097 SBS hospitalizations,21.7%were complicated by *** SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend of hospitalizations from 20.8%in 2005 to 23.5%in 2014(P trend<0.0001).Compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of males(32.8%vs 29.3%,P<0.0001),patients in the 35-49(45.9%vs 42.5%,P<0.0001)and 50-64(32.1%vs 31.1%,P<0.0001)age groups,and ethnic minorities,i.e.,Blacks(12.4%vs 11.3%,P<0.0001)and Hispanics(6.7%vs 5.5%,P<0.0001).Furthermore,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of patients with intestinal transplantation(0.33%vs 0.22%,P<0.0001),inpatient mortality(8.5%vs 1.4%,P<0.0001),and mean length of stay(16.1 d vs 7.7 d,P<0.0001)compared to the non-sepsis cohort.A younger age,female gender,White race,and presence of comorbidities such as anemia and depression were identified to be independent predictors of inpatient mortality for septic SBS *** Septic SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend between 2005-2014 and were associated with higher inpatient mortality compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations.

关键词： Short bowel syndrome Sepsis Outcomes Mortality Trends

Up to seven criteria in selection of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第23期28卷 2561-2568页

作者： Tarik Silk Mikhail Silk jennifer Wu Department of Internal Medicine NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Interventional Radiology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065United States Division of Hematology and Oncology Perlmutter Cancer Center of NYU Langone HealthNYU School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

Barcelona clinic liver cancer(BCLC)intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma is a heterogenous *** chemoembolization is offered as the first line therapy in this disease *** advances in systemic therapy have markedly improved outcomes even in advanced stage *** use of systemic therapy in BCLC intermediate stage disease may now be of therapeutic benefit in selected *** will focus on“the up to seven”criteria and its utility in selecting systemic therapy.

关键词： Chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunotherapy Drug combinations Review Medical oncology

The role of time preferences in contract breach:Evidence from Chinese poultry farmers participating in contract farming

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第2期22卷 623-641页

作者： HOU Jing ZHOU Li jennifer IFFT YING Rui-yao Business School Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116P.R.China College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Department of Agricultural Economics Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansas 66506USA

Farmers’contract breach behavior is cited as one of the major stumbling blocks in the sustainable expansion of contract farming in many developing *** paper examines farmers’contract breach decisions from the perspective of time *** empirical analysis is based on a household survey and economic field experiments of poultry households participating in contract farming conducted in Jiangsu Province,China.A discounted utility model and a maximum likelihood technique are applied to estimate farmers’time preferences and the effect of time preferences on contract breach in the production and sales phases are explored with a bivariate probit *** results show that,on average,the poultry farmers in the sample are generally present biased and impatient regarding future *** regression results show that farmers with a higher preference for the present and a higher discount rate are more likely to breach contracts,and time preferences play a greater role in the production phase than in the sales *** considering heterogeneity,specific investments and transaction costs promote contract stability only for farmers with a low degree of ***,compared with large-scale farmers,small-scale farmers’contract breach decisions are more significantly affected by their time *** results have implications for contract stability policies and other issues that are impacted by the linking of behavioral preferences to agricultural decisions.

关键词： time preferences contract breach contract farming economic field experiments China

Delving into the recent advancements of spinal cord injury treatment: a review of recent progress

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 283-291页

作者： Joseph A.Flack Krishna Deo Sharma jennifer Yanhua Xie Department of Basic Sciences New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA Department of Biological Sciences and Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI) research is a very complex field lending to why reviews of SCI literatures can be beneficial to current and future researchers. This review focuses on recent articles regarding potential modalities for the treatment and management of SCI. The modalities were broken down into four categories: neuroprotectionpharmacologic, neuroprotection-non-pharmacologic, neuroregeneration-pharmacologic, neuroregeneration-non-pharmacologic. Peer-reviewed articles were found using Pub Med with search terms: "spinal cord injury", "spinal cord injury neuroregeneration", "olfactory ensheathing cells spinal cord injury", "rho-rock inhibitors spinal cord injury", "neural stem cell", "scaffold", "neural stem cell transplantation", "exosomes and SCI", "epidural stimulation SCI", "brain-computer interfaces and SCI". Most recent articles spanning two years were chosen for their relevance to the categories of SCI management and treatment. There has been a plethora of pre-clinical studies completed with their results being difficult to replicate in clinical studies. Therefore, scientists should focus on understanding and applying the results of previous research to develop more efficacious preclinical studies and clinical trials.

关键词： brain-computer interface epidural stimulation exosomes neuroprotection neuroregeneration scaffolds spinal cord injury management stem cells transplantation