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Dental microwear of sympatric rodent species sampled across habitats in southern Africa: Implications for environmental influence

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第2期11卷 111-127页

作者： Jenny H.E.BURGMAN jennifer lEICHlITER Nico l.AVENANT Peter S.UNGAR Environmental Dynamics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansasUSA Department of Anthropology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA National Museum and University of the Free State BloemfonteinSouth Africa Department of Anthropology University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansasUSA

Dental microwear textures have proven to be a valuable tool for reconstructing the diets of a wide assortment of fossil ***,some studies have recently questioned the efficacy of this approach,suggesting that aspects of habitat unrelated to food preference,especially environmental grit load,might have a confounding effect on microwear patterning that obscures the diet *** we evaluate this hypothesis by examining microwear textures of 3 extant sympatric rodent species that vary in diet breadth and are found in a variety of habitat types:Mastomys coucha,Micaelamys namaquensis and Rhabdomys *** sample each of these species from 3 distinct environmental settings in southern Africa that differ in rainfall and vegetative cover:Nama-Karoo shrublands(semi-desert)and Dry Highveld grasslands in the Free State Province of South Africa,and Afromontane(wet)grasslands in the highlands of *** differences between habitat types are evident for some of the species,inconsistency in the pattern suggests that the microwear signal is driven by variation in foods eaten rather than grit-level per *** is clear that,at least for species and habitats sampled in the current study,environmental grit load does not swamp diet-related microwear signatures.

关键词： diet grit tooth wear

Primary care providers practice patterns regarding female pelvic floor disorders

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 9-15页

作者： Anna Weimer jennifer l Hallock Chi Chiung Grace Chen Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC PittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Kaiser Permanente Northern California SacramentoCaliforniaUSA Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Campus BaltimoreMarylandUSA

Introduction Pelvic floor disorders(PFDs)pose substantial physical and psychological burdens for a growing number of *** the ubiquity of these conditions and known patient reluctance to seek care,primary care providers(PCPs)have a unique opportunity to increase treatment and provide appropriate referrals for these *** An online survey was administered to PCPs to assess provider practices,knowledge,comfort managing and ease of referral for *** regression was used to assess the association between demographic/practice characteristics of PCPs and two primary outcomes of interest:discomfort with management and difficulty with referral of *** Of the 153 respondents to the survey,more felt comfortable managing stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and overactive bladder(OAB),compared with pelvic organ prolapse(POP)and faecal incontinence(FI)and were less likely to refer patients with urinary *** providers elicited symptoms for POP and FI as compared with SUI and *** variables that were significantly associated with discomfort with management varied by PFD,but tended to correlate with less exposure to PFDs(eg,those with fewer years of practice,and internal medicine and family physicians as compared with geriatricians);whereas the factors that were significantly associated with difficulty in referral,again varied by PFD,but were related to practice characteristics(eg,specialist network,type of practice,practice setting and quantity of patients).Conclusion These findings highlight the need to increase PCPs awareness of PFDs and develop effective standardised screening protocols,as well as collaboration with pelvic floor specialists to improve screening,treatment and referral for patients with PFDs.

关键词： bladder floor difficulty

Repeated video head impulse testing in patients is a stable measure of the passive vestibulo-ocular reflex

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Journal of Otology 2021年第3期16卷 128-137页

作者： M.Muntaseer Mahfuz jennifer l.Millar Michael C.Schubert laboratory of Vestibular NeuroAdaptation Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA

Objectives The video head impulse test(vHIT)is used as a measure of compensation yet it’s stability in patients with vestibular pathology is *** 144 patients(n=72 female,mean 54.46±15.8 years)were grouped into one of three primary diagnoses(Peripheral,Central,or Mixed).Subjects were further categorized based on sex(male versus female),ear(left versus right;ipsilesional versus contralesional),age(six groups ranging from 19 to 84 years),and duration between visits(five groups,mean 191.46±SE 29.42 days,median 55.5 days).The gain of the VOR during passive head rotation was measured for each semicircular canal(horizontal,anterior,posterior).Results There was no difference in the VOR gain within any semicircular canal between the two visits(horizontal:p=0.179;anterior:p=0.628;posterior:p=0.613).However,the VOR gain from the horizontal canals was higher than the vertical canals for each visit(pl vestibular pathology had significantly lower(p≤0.001)horizontal semicircular canal gains at each *** was no difference in VOR gain between sex(p=0.215)or age groupings(p=0.331).Test-retest reliability of vHIT in patient subjects is good(ICC=0.801)and the VOR gain values across two separate visits were significant and positively correlated(r=0.67)regardless of sex,ear,age,or duration between *** The vHIT is a stable measure of VOR gain over two different times across a variety of vestibular patients with no influence of age or sex.

关键词： Video head impulse Vestibulo-ocular reflex Gain Peripheral vestibular hypofunction

local Volunteerism and Resilience Following large-Scale Disaster: Outcomes for Health Support Team Volunteers in Haiti

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第3期5卷 206-213页

作者： Jessica A.Carlile Kira Mauseth NoёlE.Clark jennifer l.Cruz John W.Thoburn Department of Clinical Psychology Seattle Pacific UniversitySeattleWA 98119USA Department of Psychology Seattle UniversitySeattleWA 98122USA

In-depth interviews with local Haitian volunteers trained in a psychological disaster recovery program called Health Support Team(HST) provide insight into the psychosocial outcomes resulting from their engagement with the program. Qualitative interviews were conducted with four male Haitian participants who had survived the January 2010 Haiti earthquake and had worked as HST volunteers for at least 6 months. Interviews were analyzed using narrative inquiry analysis, which allows individuals to discover and disclose a deeper meaning in their experience and enables the researchers to access more detailed data. Previous research supports the claim that volunteerism provides many important psychological benefits, and the results of the present study suggest that among survivors of large-scale disasters, volunteerism is beneficial as a means of increasing psychological resilience and facilitating personal recovery. Results and themes of our analysis included a reported increase in both hope and purpose for the respondents. Findings suggest that volunteerism on the part of members of the surviving community following large-scale disaster increases resilience among the volunteers and further contributes to their recovery.

关键词： Haiti earthquake large-scale disaster Post-disaster resilience Recovery process Volunteerism

Optimizing perioperative Crohn's disease management: Role of coordinated medical and surgical care

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1182-1188页

作者： jennifer l Bennett Christina Y Ha Jonathan E Efron Susan l Gearhart Mark G lazarev Elizabeth C Wick Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Gastroenterology the Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Digestive Diseases the David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States

AIM: To investigate rates of re-establishing gastroenterology care, colonoscopy, and/or initiating me-dical therapy after Crohn's disease(CD) surgery at a tertiary care referral ***: CD patients having small bowel or ileocolonic resections with a primary anastomosis between 2009-2012 were identified from a tertiary academic referral center. CD-specific features, medications, and surgical outcomes were abstracted from the medical record. The primary outcome measure was compliance rates with medical follow-up within 4 wk of hospital discharge and surveillance colonoscopy within 12 mo of surgery. RESUlTS: Eighty-eight patients met study inclusion criteria with 92%(n = 81) of patients returning for surgical follow-up compared to only 41%(n = 36) of patients with documented gastroenterology follow-up within four-weeks of hospital discharge, P ly postoperative medical follow-up included younger age, longer length of hospitalization, postoperative biologic use and academic center patients. In the study cohort, 75.0% of patients resumed medical therapy within 12 mo, whereas only 53.4% of patients underwent a colonoscopy within 12 mo of ***: Our study highlights the need for coordinated CD multidisciplinary clinics and structured handoffs among providers to improve of quality of care in the postoperative setting.

关键词： Coordinated care Crohn’s disease Postoperative pro

Adsorption kinetics of the herbicide safeners,benoxacor and furilazole,to activated carbon and agricultural soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 23-34页

作者： Saraswati Poudel Acharya Jacob Johnson jennifer Weidhaas Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUTUSA Center for Science and Mathematics Education University of Utah155 South 1452 EastSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Chloroacetamide herbicides,namely acetochlor and metolachlor,are common herbicides used on corn and soybean *** safeners,namely benoxacor and furilazole,are commonly used in formulations containing chloroacetamide *** reports on adsorption of chloroacetamide herbicides are available,yet little information exists regarding adsorption potential of co-applied ***,the adsorption and desorption characteristics of selected herbicide safeners to granular activated carbon(GAC) and in agricultural soils are ***,soil column studies were performed to understand the leaching behaviour of the herbicide Dual II *** sorption experiments of safeners to three agricultural soils and one GAC showed that adsorption was best fitted by the Freundlich *** Freundlich adsorption constant,Kf,for benoxacor and furilazole sorption onto three agricultural soils ranged from0.1 to 0.27 and 0.1 to 0.13(mg/g) x(mg/l)(1/n),*** Kf for benoxacor and furilazole to GAC was 6.4 and 3.4(mg/g) x(mg/l)(1/n),respectively,suggesting more favorable sorption of benoxacor to GAC than furilazole to *** sorption to soils was reversible as almost 40%-90% of both safeners was desorbed from three *** results were validated in four replicated soil column studies,where S-metolachlor was shown to leach similarly to the safener benoxacor,originating from the herbicide *** leaching of S-metolachlor and benoxacor was influenced by soil ***,these results show that safeners will move through the environment to surface waters similarly to the active ingredients in herbicides,but may be removed during drinking water treatment via GAC.

关键词： Herbicide safener Dual Ⅱ magnum Adsorption Granular activated carbon Soil column transport

Assessment of the carbon abatement and removal opportunities of the Arabian Gulf Countries

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Clean Energy 2021年第2期5卷 340-353页

作者： Abdulrahman Alatiq Wail Aljedani Abdullah Abussaud Omar Algarni Hélène Pilorgé jennifer Wilcox Department of Chemical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic InstituteGoddard Hall100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 01609USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Pennsylvania220 S.33rd StreetPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

The Arabian Gulf Countries(AGC)are strongly reliant on the economic export of fossil fuels,while being vulnerable to climate change that is resulting in temperature increase,air pollution and sea-level rise,and threatening the health of the population and *** agreement with the Paris Accords,most of the AGC have published short-term goals to reduce their carbon emissions in the coming *** relation to these goals,this study explores the potential CO_(2)reduction,avoidance and removal in the region,by comparing a business-as-usual(BAU)scenario to three decarbonization scenarios for the power *** 2018,the total greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in the AGC were~1333 MtCO_(2)/yr and are expected to rise to 1568 MtCO_(2)/yr in 2030 following a BAU scenario,which is likely to be reduced to 1522 MtCO_(2)/yr in 2030 by following the countries’*** issued plans for the coming decades that focus on increasing the share of renewable energy in their grid *** three decarbonization scenarios presented in this study focus on supply-side technological *** retirement of the oldest natural-gas and oil power plants could lead to a total emissions reduction of~75 MtCO_(2)/yr,without accounting for the embodied carbon emissions associated with renewable *** addition,the implementation of point-source capture at power plants expected to retire in>10 years’time could avoid emissions of~240 MtCO_(2)/yr,provided the CO_(2)is permanently sequestered in appropriate geological *** region also shows high-quality solar resources and large CO_(2)-storage potential that could couple to direct air-capture plants to offset difficult-to-avoid *** last scenario has the potential to ultimately result in net negative emissions.

关键词： carbon capture CCUS direct air capture

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Women on the run

DNA methylome study of human cerebellar tissues identified genes and pathways possibly involved in essential tremor

作者： Hayes Danny (1975-)lawless jennifer l.

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2019年第4期2卷 221-234页

作者： jennifer l.Paul Khashayar Dashtipour Zhong Chen Charles Wang Center for Genomics School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA Division of Movement Disorders Department of NeurologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92350USA Department of Basic Sciences School of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350USA

Background:Essential tremor(ET)is a neurological syndrome of unknown origin with poorly understood etiology and *** is suggested that the cerebellum and its tracts may be involved in the pathophysiology of *** methylome interrogation of cerebellar tissue may help shine some light on the understanding of the mechanism of the development of *** study used postmortem human cerebellum tissue samples collected from 12 ET patients and 11 matched non-ET controls for DNA methylome study to identify differentially methylated genes in ***:Using Nugen’s Ovation reduced representation bisulfite sequencing(RRBS),we identified 753 genes encompassing 938 CpG sites with significant differences in DNA methylation between the ET and the control *** genes were further analyzed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis(IPA)by which we identified certain significant pathways,upstream regulators,diseases and functions,and networks associated with ***:Our study provides evidence that there are significant differences in DNA methylation patterns between the ET and control samples,suggesting that the methylation alteration of certain genes in the cerebellum may be associated with ET *** identified genes allude to the GABAergic hypothesis which supports the notation that ET is a neurodegenerative disease,particularly involving the cerebellum.

关键词： DNA methylome reduced representation bisulfite sequencing essential tremor cerebellum epigenetics CpGs