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Hybrid de novo genome assembly of red gromwell(lithospermum erythrorhizon)reveals evolutionary insight into shikonin biosynthesis

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1651-1665页

作者： Robert P.Auber Thiti Suttiyut Rachel M.McCoy Manoj Ghaste Joseph W.Crook Amanda l.Pendleton Joshua R.Widhalm jennifer H.Wisecaver Department of Biochemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Purdue Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Horticulture and landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

lithospermum erythrorhizon(red gromwell;zicao)is a medicinal and economically valuable plant belonging to the Boraginaceae *** from *** have been used for centuries based on the antiviral and woundhealing properties produced from the bioactive compound shikonin and its *** recently,shikonin,its enantiomer alkannin,and several other shikonin/alkannin derivatives have collectively emerged as valuable natural colorants and as novel drug *** several transcriptomes and proteomes having been generated from ***,a reference genome is still *** has limited investigations into elucidating the shikonin/alkannin pathway and understanding its evolutionary and ecological *** this study,we obtained a de novo genome assembly for *** using a combination of Oxford Nanopore long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing *** resulting genome is∼367.41 Mb long,with a contig N50 size of 314.31 kb and 27,720 predicted protein-coding *** the *** genome,we identified several additional phydroxybenzoate:geranyltransferase(PGT)homologs and provide insight into their evolutionary *** analysis of prenyltransferases suggests that PGTs originated in a common ancestor of modern shikonin/alkanninproducing Boraginaceous species,likely from a retrotransposition-derived duplication event of an ancestral prenyltransferase ***,knocking down expression of lePGT1 in *** hairy root lines revealed that lePGT1 is predominantly responsible for shikonin production early in culture *** together,the reference genome reported in this study and the provided analysis on the evolutionary origin of shikonin/alkannin biosynthesis will guide elucidation of the remainder of the pathway.

关键词： insight collective evolutionary

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Medication beliefs predict medication adherence in ambulatory patients with decompensated cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7321-7331页

作者： Kelly l Hayward Patricia C Valery jennifer H Martin Antara Karmakar Preya J Patel leigh U Horsfall Caroline J Tallis Katherine A Stuart Penny l Wright David D Smith Katharine M Irvine Elizabeth E Powell W Neil Cottrell Pharmacy Department Princess Al-exandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Cancer and Chronic Disease Research Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle The Centre for liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Statistics Unit QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland

AIM To investigate the impact of medication beliefs, illness perceptions and quality of life on medication adherence in people with decompensated *** One hundred adults with decompensated cirrhosis completed a structured questionnaire when they attended for routine outpatient hepatology review. Measures of self-reported medication adherence(Morisky Medication Adherence Scale), beliefs surrounding medications(Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire), perceptions of illness and medicines(Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and quality of life(Chronic liver Disease Questionnaire) were examined. Clinical data were obtained via patient history and review of medical records. least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and stepwise backwards regression techniques were used to construct the multivariable logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at alpha = *** Medication adherence was " High " in 42 % o f participants, "Medium" in 37%, and "low" in 21%. Compared to patients with "High" adherence, those with "Medium" or "low" adherence were more likely to report difficulty affording their medications(P lower perception of treatment helpfulness(P = 0.003) and stronger medication concerns relative to medication necessity beliefs(P = 0.003). People with "low" adherence also experienced greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life, including more frequent abdominal pain(P = 0.023), shortness of breath(P = 0.030), and emotional disturbances(P = 0.050). Multivariable analysis identified having stronger medication concerns relative to necessity beliefs(Necessity-Concerns Differential ≤ 5, OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.18-11.40) and more frequent shortness of breath(shortness of breath score ≤ 3, OR = 3.87,95%CI: 1.22-12.25) as independent predictors of "low"*** The association between "low" adherence and patients having strong concerns or doubting the necessity or helpfulness of their medications should be explor

关键词： Medication adherence Medication beliefs Illness perceptions Quality of life liver cirrhosis

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Pasture-finishing of bison improves animal metabolic health and potential health-promoting compounds in meat

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1759-1776页

作者： Stephan van Vliet Amanda D.Blair lydia M.Hite jennifer Cloward Robert E.Ward Carter Kruse Herman A.van Wietmarchsen Nick van Eekeren Scott l.Kronberg Frederick D.Provenza Center for Human Nutrition Studies Department of NutritionDieteticsand Food SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Applied SciencesUtah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA Department of Wildland Resources Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84332USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57707USA Turner Institute of Ecoagriculture BozemanMT 59718USA louis Bolk Institute Bunnik 3981AJthe Netherlands Northern Great Plains Research laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceMandanND 58554USA

Background With rising concerns regarding the effects of red meat on human and environmental health,a growing number of livestock producers are exploring ways to improve production systems.A promising avenue includes agro-ecological practices such as rotational grazing of locally adapted ***,growing consumer interest in pasture-finished meat(i.e.,grass-fed)has raised questions about its nutritional ***,the goal of this study was to determine the impact of two common finishing systems in North American bison—pasture-finished or pen-finished on concentrates for 146 d—on metabolomic,lipidomic,and fatty acid profiles of striploins(*** lumborum).Results Six hundred and seventy-one(671)out of 1570 profiled compounds(43%)differed between pasture-and penfinished conditions(n=20 animals per group)(all,Plative to pasture-finished animals,the muscle of pen-finished animals displayed elevated glucose metabolites(~1.6-fold),triglycerides(~2-fold),markers of oxidative stress(~1.5-fold),and proteolysis(~1.2-fold).In contrast,pasture-finished animals displayed improved mitochondrial(~1.3-fold higher levels of various Krebs cycle metabolites)and carnitine metabolism(~3-fold higher levels of long-chain acyl carnitines)(all Plso concentrated higher levels of phenolics(~2.3-fold),alpha-tocopherol(~5.8-fold),carotene(~2.0-fold),and very long-chain fatty acids(~1.3-fold)in their meat,while having lower levels of a common advanced lipoxidation(4-hydroxy-nonenal-glutathione;~2-fold)and glycation end-product(N6-carboxymethyllysine;~1.7-fold)(all Pl,and three phenolics commonly found in alfalfa were~2.5-fold higher in pen-finished animals(all Plants rich in those compounds,may be *** Pasture-finishing(i.e.,grass-fed)broadly improves bison metabolic health and accumulates additional po

关键词： Bison Grass-fed Meat Nutrition Omega-3 fats Pasture-raised Phytochemicals

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Nitric Oxide in Plants： Production and Cross-talk with Ca^2＋ Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 218-228页

作者： Angelique Besson-Bard Cecile Courtois Adrien Gauthier jennifer Dahan Grazyna Dobrowolska Sylvain Jeandroz Alain Pugin David Wendehenne Unite Mixte de Recherche INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Universite de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement 17 rue Sully BP 86510 21065 Dijon cedex France Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences 02-106 Warsaw Poland Unite Mixte de Recherche UHP INRA 1136 Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes Universite Henry Poincare Nancy I BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex France

Nitric oxide （NO） is a diatomic gas that performs crucial functions in a wide array of physiological processes in animals. The past several years have revealed much about its roles in plants. It is well established that NO is synthesized from nitrite by nitrate reductase （NR） and via chemical pathways. There is increasing evidence for the occurrence of an alternative pathway in which NO production is catalysed from l-arginine by a so far non-identified enzyme. Contradictory results have been reported regarding the respective involvement of these enzymes in specific physiological conditions. Although much remains to be proved, we assume that these inconsistencies can be accounted for by the limited specificity of the pharmacological agents used to suppress NO synthesis but also by the reduced content of l-arginine as well as the inactivity of nitrate-permeable anion channels in nitrate reductase- and/or nitrate/nitrite-deficient plants. Another unre- solved issue concerns the molecular mechanisms underlying NO effects in plants. Here, we provide evidence that the second messenger Ca^2＋, as well as protein kinases including MAPK and SnRK2, are very plausible mediators of the NO signals. These findings open new perspectives about NO-based signaling in plants.

关键词： Nitric Oxide in Plants Production and Cross-talk Ca~(2+) Signaling

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Inhibiting WNT secretion reduces high bone mass caused by Sost loss-of-function or gain-of-function mutations in lrp5

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骨研究:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 595-606页

作者： Cassandra R.Diegel Ina Kramer Charles Moes Gabrielle E.Foxa Mitchell J.McDonald Zachary B.Madaj Sabine Guth Jun liu jennifer l.Harris Michaela Kneissel Bart O.Williams Department of Cell Biology Van Andel Institute333 Bostwick Ave.NEGrand RapidsMI 49503USA Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicine Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Van Andel Institute333 Bostwick Ave.NEGrand RapidsMI 49503USA Oncology Novartis Institutes for Biomedical ResearchSan DiegoCA 92121USA

Proper regulation of Wnt signaling is critical for normal bone development and *** in several Wnt signaling components,which increase the activity of the pathway in the skeleton,cause high bone mass in human subjects and mouse *** bone mass is often accompanied by severe headaches from increased intracranial pressure,which can lead to fatality and loss of vision or hearing due to the entrapment of cranial *** addition,progressive forehead bossing and mandibular overgrowth occur in almost all *** that would provide symptomatic relief in these subjects are ***-mediated palmitoylation is necessary for Wnt secretion and binding to the frizzled *** inhibition of porcupine is a highly selective method of Wnt signaling *** treated three different mouse models of high bone mass caused by aberrant Wnt signaling,including homozygosity for loss-of-function in Sost,which models sclerosteosis,and two strains of mice carrying different point mutations in lrp5(equivalent to human G171V and A214V),at 3 months of age with porcupine inhibitors for 5–6 *** significantly reduced both trabecular and cortical bone mass in all three *** demonstrates that porcupine inhibition is potentially therapeutic for symptomatic relief in subjects who suffer from these disorders and further establishes that the continued production of Wnts is necessary for sustaining high bone mass in these models.

关键词： homeostasis function mass

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Binary Co–Ni oxide nanoparticle-loaded hierarchical graphitic porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 135-142页

作者： Yin liu Cuili Xiang Hailiang Chu Shujun Qiu jennifer Mcleod Zhe She Fen Xu lixian Sun Yongjin Zou Guangxi Key laboratory of Information Materials Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China Department of Chemistry Queen’s UniversityK7L 3N6Canada

Heteroatom doped graphitic porous carbon is highly desirable for electrochemical applications because of its excellent conductivity and high surface *** this study,highly uniform Co-Ni oxide nanoparticleloaded B,N-doped hierarchical graphitic porous carbon was prepared through a dual pyrolysis *** dispersed chitosan hydrogel was first used as a precursor to fabricate the porous carbon(GCS–C)at 700℃.Co and Ni oxide nanoparticles were further anchored on the porous carbon through chemical reduction and calcined at high *** structure of the porous carbon was optimized by the introduction of graphene to the chitosan *** graphitic degree of the porous carbon was significantly improved by the Co and Ni *** heteroatom B and N were found to be well doped in the *** features enable the composite to be an excellent candidate for supercapacitor *** composite demonstrates a high capacitance(1266.7 F g-1 at 1 A g-1)and excellent stability.

关键词： Graphitic carbon Graphene Metal oxides Supercapacitor Porous carbon

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Iris manipulation during phacoemulsification:intraoperative and postoperative complications

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第5期14卷 676-683页

作者： Eric R.Williams jennifer l.Patnaik D.Claire Miller Anne M.lynch Richard S.Davidson Malik Y.Kahook leonard K.Seibold Department of Ophthalmology Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye CenterUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To quantify intraoperative and postoperative complications in complex phacoemulsification cataract extraction(phacoemulsification)with iris manipulation compared to non-complex and complex phacoemulsification without iris ***:All phacoemulsification cases at the University of Colorado between January 1,2014,and June 30,2017 were *** criteria for the primary outcome of intraoperative complications were planned combination surgery and eyes with less than 28 d *** criteria for the secondary outcomes of postoperative complications were unplanned additional surgery,and chronic steroid eye drop use prior to *** including sex,race/ethnicity,surgery length,visual acuity,intraoperative and postoperative complications,and intraocular pressures(IOP)were collected and analyzed utilizing general linear and logistic regression ***:The medical records of 5772 eyes were reviewed(500 complex without iris manipulation,367 with iris manipulation).The number of any intraoperative complication in the complex with iris manipulation and complex without iris manipulation groups was 15(4.1%)and 26(5.2%),respectively,compared to 41(0.8%)in the non-complex *** inflammation was found in 135(2.8%)non-complex cases,20(4.1%)complex cases without iris manipulation,and 20(5.6%)complex cases with iris *** adjusted odds ratio of postoperative inflammation in phacoemulsification with iris manipulation compared to non-complex was 2.3(95%CI:1.3-4.0,P=0.005).The rate of IOP spikes>10 mm Hg was significantly greater in cases with iris manipulation(P=0.001).CONClUSION:Complex cases have more intraoperative ***,only complex cases with iris manipulation led to increase rates of postoperative inflammation and IOP spikes>10 mm Hg.

关键词： phacoemulsification iris manipulation inflammation

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Integration of an enhanced recovery after surgery program for patients undergoing pituitary surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 330-338页

作者： Stephanie Flukes llya laufer jennifer Cracchiolo Eliza Geer Andrew l.lin Jess Brallier Van Tsui Anoushka Afonso Viviane Tabar Marc A.Cohen Head and Neck Service Department of SurgeryMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Neurosurgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Multidisciplinary Pituitary and Skull Base Tumor Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA

Evidence-based enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)programs aim to improve patient outcomes and shorten hospital *** objective of this study is to describe the development,implementation,and evolution of an ERAS protocol to optimize the perioperative management for patients undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery for pituitary tumors.A systematic review of the literature was performed,best practices were discussed with stakeholders,and institutional guidelines were established and *** performance indicators(KPI)were measured and patient-reported outcome surveys were *** ERAS protocol was introduced successfully at our *** describe the process of initiation of the program and the perioperative management of our *** demonstrated the feasibility of integration of ERAS protocols for pituitary tumors with multidisciplinary engagement,with a particular emphasis on the use of data informatics and metrics to monitor *** expect that this approach will translate to improved quality of care for these often-complex patients.

关键词： Enhanced recovery after surgery Endoscopic skull base surgery Pituitary surgery Outcomes improvement

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Debate on Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination against COVID-19: Is it worth performing clinical trials?

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第3期2卷 113-114页

作者： Asma Binte Aziz jennifer l.Dembinski Yasmin Jahan University of Oslo Faculty of MedicineOsloNorway Norwegian Institute of Public Health(NIPH) Division of Infection Control and Environmental HealthOsloNorway Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima UniversityJapan

The non-specific beneficial effects of Bacille Calmette-Guérin(BCG)vaccination suggest that this vaccine might play a role in protecting individuals against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Several studies propose that BCG vaccination may increase the body's immunity,thereby preventing respiratory infections caused by other respiratory *** the number of deaths due to COVID-19 is increasing rapidly and there is no specific treatment available to date,scientists are evaluating the effectiveness of already approved drugs as therapies against COVID-19,and the results were found to vary widely:from no significant effect being observed to a reduction in the time taken for clinical *** study thus aims to evaluate whether it is worth performing clinical trials to examine the effects of the BCG vaccine on *** herein emphasize the need to conduct phase III randomized controlled trials with adequate sample size and quality to investigate the effects of the BCG vaccine on *** the event that BCG vaccination provides non-specific protection against COVID-19,administering it could be helpful in controlling the transmission of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases during future pandemics.

关键词： Bacille Calmette-Guérin COVID-19 Non-specific effect RCT Clinical trial

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The benefits of being dominant:health correlates of male social rank and age in a marmot

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 19-26页

作者： Kenta UCHIDA Rachel NG Samuel A.VYDRO jennifer E.SMITH Daniel T.BlUMSTEIN Department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Department of Biology Mills CollegeOaklandCA 94613USA The Rocky Mountain Biological laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA

The benefits of dominance may not come without costs,particularly for *** example,the“immunocompetence handicap hypothesis”states that males with enhanced mating success allocate resources to enhance reproductive output at a cost to their current health,whereas the“resource quality hypothesis”predicts that high-ranking males may benefit from increased reproduction and good *** the predictions from each have been well tested in captive animals and in a variety of highly social primates,fewer studies have been carried out in free-living,facultatively social *** adult male yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer),we evaluated predictions of these hypotheses by examining the relationship between social rank and 2 health indicators—fecal glucocorticoid metabolite(FCM)levels,and neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/l)ratios—after accounting for variation explained by age,body mass,and *** found that higher-ranking males tended to have a lower N/l ratio(reflecting good health)than lower-ranking individuals,whereas FCM levels were not significantly related to *** addition,heavier male marmots had lower N/l ratios,whereas body mass was not associated with FCM *** also found that older adult males had lower FCM levels(reflecting less physiological stress)but higher N/l ratios than younger ***,we found that FCM levels decreased as the active season progressed and FCM levels were associated with the time of the ***,our results suggest that socially-dominant male marmots enjoyed better,not worse health in terms of lower N/l ratios.

关键词： immunocompetence handicap hypothesis life history trade-offs N/l ratio physiological stress resource quality hypothesis

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