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Somatic second-hit mutations leads to polycystic liver diseases

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期19卷 141-143页

作者： Jesús M Banales Patricia munoz-Garrido Luis Bujanda Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Donostia Universitary HospitalBiodonostia Research InstituteE-20014 San SebastiánSpain Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases(CIBERehdfunded by the Spanish Carlos III Institute)08036 BarcelonaSpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science48011 BilbaoSpain Spanish Association Against cancer(AEcc) 28040 MadridSpain

Polycystic liver diseases(PcLDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by the development of multiple fluid-filled cysts in the liver,which derive from cholangiocytes,the epithelial cells lining the bile *** these cysts grow,symptoms such as abdominal distension,nausea,and abdominal pain may *** may exist isolated(i.e.,autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease,ADPLD) or in combination with renal cystogenesis(i.e.,autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and autosomal recessive polycystic liver disease).The exact prevalence of PcLDs is unknown,but is estimated to occur in approximately 1:1000 *** the pathogenesis of each form of PcLD appears to be different,increasing evidences indicate that hepatic cystogenesis is a phenomenon that may involve somatic loss of heterozygosity(LOH) in those pathological conditions inherited in a dominant form.A recent report,using highly sophisticated methodology,demonstrated that ADPLD patients with a germline mutation in the protein kinase c substrate 80K-H(PRKcSH) gene mostly develop hepatic cystogenesis through a second somatic *** hepatocystin,the PRKcSH-encoding protein,was absent in the hepatic cysts with LOH,it was still expressed in the heterozygous *** the other hand,no additional trans-heterozygous mutations on the SEc63 homolog(*** /SEc63) gene(also involved in the development of PcLDs) were *** data indicate that PcLD is recessive at the cellular level,and point out the important role of hepatocystin loss in *** this commentary,we discuss the knowledge regarding the role of somatic second-hit mutations in the development of PcLDs,and the most relevant findings have been highlighted.

关键词： Polycystic liver diseases cholangiocyte cystogenesis Loss of heterozygosity Protein kinase c substrate 80K-H SEc63

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Preliminary sensitivity study on an life cycle assessment(LcA)tool via assessing a hybrid timber building

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2020年第2期5卷 108-113页

作者： Tiancheng Wu Meng Gong jennifer Xiao Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3C2G6Canada Department of Biology Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada

In order to address concerns related to global warming and increased atmospheric carbon content,the life cycle assessment(LcA)tool has demonstrated usefulness in the building and construction *** LcA is used to evaluate environmental impacts concerning all stages of the building process from“cradle”to“grave”.The LcA helps promote sustainable development by considering environmental indicators such as stratospheric ozone depletion,eutrophication,global warming potential,and many *** is of an interest to know the degree of impact on a given environ-mental indicator if an input is changed in terms of the type or amount of the materials *** LcA software Athena IE4B was employed to analyze data of a selected timber *** study was aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of LcA analysis on a hybrid timber building,which was done via two case *** 1 focused on changes in the volume of wood materials,meanwhile case 2 focused on simultaneous changes in the volume of materials for wood,steel,and *** case 1,it was observed increasing wood materials increased environmental indicators,with stratospheric ozone depletion being the most sensitive and global warming potential as the least *** 2 discovered that proportionally increasing wood materials in relation to steel and concrete materials decreased environmental indicators,with eutrophication being the most sensitive and stratospheric ozone depletion as the least *** study helped support the feasibility of using Athena IE4B for LcA analysis in the initial assessment of a building.

关键词： Life cycle assessment Hybrid timber structure Environmental indicator Sensitivity study

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Optimizing perioperative crohn's disease management: Role of coordinated medical and surgical care

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1182-1188页

作者： jennifer L Bennett christina Y Ha Jonathan E Efron Susan L Gearhart Mark G Lazarev Elizabeth c Wick Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Gastroenterology the Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Digestive Diseases the David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States

AIM: To investigate rates of re-establishing gastroenterology care, colonoscopy, and/or initiating me-dical therapy after crohn's disease(cD) surgery at a tertiary care referral ***: cD patients having small bowel or ileocolonic resections with a primary anastomosis between 2009-2012 were identified from a tertiary academic referral center. cD-specific features, medications, and surgical outcomes were abstracted from the medical record. The primary outcome measure was compliance rates with medical follow-up within 4 wk of hospital discharge and surveillance colonoscopy within 12 mo of surgery. RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients met study inclusion criteria with 92%(n = 81) of patients returning for surgical follow-up compared to only 41%(n = 36) of patients with documented gastroenterology follow-up within four-weeks of hospital discharge, P ctors associated with more timely postoperative medical follow-up included younger age, longer length of hospitalization, postoperative biologic use and academic center patients. In the study cohort, 75.0% of patients resumed medical therapy within 12 mo, whereas only 53.4% of patients underwent a colonoscopy within 12 mo of ***: Our study highlights the need for coordinated cD multidisciplinary clinics and structured handoffs among providers to improve of quality of care in the postoperative setting.

关键词： coordinated care crohn’s disease Postoperative pro

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chronic hepatitis B infection in pregnancy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第9期7卷 1233-1237页

作者： jennifer R Lamberth Sheila c Reddy Jen-Jung Pan Kevin J Dasher Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal Medicine the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

There are no standard guidelines to follow when a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection becomes pregnant or desires pregnancy. Topics to consider include which patients to treat, when to start treatment, what treatment to use and when to stop treatment. Without any prophylaxis or antiviral therapy, a hepatitis B surface antigen and E antigen positive mother has up to a 90% likelihood of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) to child. Standard of care in the United States to prevent perinatal transmission consists of administration of hepatitis B immune globulin and HBV vaccination to the infant. The two strongest risk factors of mother to child transmission(MTcT) of HBV infection despite immunoprophylaxis are high maternal HBV viral load and high activity of viral replication. The goal is to prevent transmission of HBV at birth by decreasing viral load and/or decreasing activity of the virus. Although it is still somewhat controversial, most evidence shows that starting antivirals in the third trimester is effective in decreasing MTcT without affecting fetal development. There is a growing body of literature supporting the safety and efficacy of antiviral therapies to reduce MTcT of hepatitis B. There are no formal recommendations regarding which agent to choose. Tenofovir, lamivudine and telbivudine have all been proven efficacious in decreasing viral load at birth without known birth defects, but final decision of which antiviral medication to use will have to be determined by physician and patient. The antivirals may be discontinued immediately if patient is breastfeeding, or within first four weeks if infant is being formula fed.

关键词： chronic hepatitis B infection Pregnancy Hepatitis B immune globulin Hepatitis B virus vaccine Antivirals

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Elevated cO_2 Accelerates Phosphorus Depletion by common Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris) in Association with Altered Leaf Biochemical Properties

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 422-429页

作者： Zhong MA jennifer FLYNN Grant LIBRA Zechuan SHI Department of Biology Truman State University

Phosphorus （P） is a major limiting factor for plant productivity in many ecosystems and agriculture. The projected increase in atmospheric cO2 is likely to result in changes in plant mineral consumption and growth. We studied P depletion by common bean （Phaseolus vulgaris） cultured hydroponically under ambient （377±77μmol mol^-1） or elevated （650±32 μmol mol^-1） cO2 in media of low or high P. Under elevated cO2 compared to ambient cO2, the maximum P depletion rate increased by 98% at low P and 250% at high P, and P was depleted about 2-5 weeks sooner; leaf acid phosphatase （APase） activity and chlorophyll content both increased significantly; root-to-shoot ratio increased significantly at high P, although it was unaffected at low P; lateral root respiration rate showed no change, suggesting that cOs did not affect P depletion via metabolic changes to the roots; the total biomass at final harvest was significantly higher at both low and high P. Our data showed that the increased rate and amount of P depletion during plant growth under elevated cO2 occurred in association with alterations in leaf biochemical properties, i.e., enhanced activities of leaf APase and increased leaf chlorophyll content.

关键词： acid phosphatase biomass partitioning chlorophyll climate change dry matter accumulation mineral nutrition

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Effects of vegetation strata and human disturbance on bird diversity in green areas in a city in southern chile

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 329-343页

作者： Andrés munoz-Pedreros Marilyn González-Urrutia Francisco Encina-Montoya Heraldo V.Norambuena Núcleo de Investigación en Estudios Ambientales NEA Departamento de Ciencias AmbientalesFacultad de Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Católica de TemucoCasilla 15.DTemucoChile Programa de Biodiversidad y Manejo de Vida Silvestre Centro de Estudios Agrarios y AmbientalesCasilla 164ValdiviaChile

Background: Urbanisation is a dominant geographical trend and an important component of global change, with unprecedented implications for socio?economic, cultural and environmental characteristics. However, green areas, including original fragments, can help to conserve native diversity, improving the functioning of these artificial systems in the long term. Urban areas can still provide habitats usable by wild birds, however the structural charac?teristics of the habitat formed by different types of green area differ, and therefore dissimilar bird diversities are to be expected. The object of this study was to characterise the α and β diversities of birds in different green areas and to analyse how diversity relates to ten variables that characterise the ***: We studied the green areas in the city of Temuco, southern chile(Park, Square and Median strips of main streets), evaluating the variables:(a) surface area,(b) vegetation,(c) estimated human impact as the proportions of vegetation and bare soil by area, and the vehicle traffic. The bird assemblage structures were characterised by α(intra?environment) diversity and β diversity(between environments) and the statistical analysis identified the environmen?tal variables related with the presence and abundance of birds. A statistical model was constructed to describe the contribution of the variables to bird ***: We found significant differences between the diversity of bird species in the three types of green area. The β showed medium to high similarity between the different study units. There was a negative correlation with bare soil areas; the correlations with vehicle flow, plant structure and tree and shrub cover were not significant, meaning that these variables did not explain the variation in the richness of bird species between the green areas. However the surface area did explain this variation presenting a positive potential relation. There was also a high correlation with the o

关键词： Urban birds Urban green area Vegetation structure Bird composition chile

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Optimal diet strategy of a large-bodied psittacine: food resource abundance and nutritional content enable facultative dietary specialization by the Military Macaw

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 469-477页

作者： Sylvia Margarita de la Parra‑Martinez Luis Guillermo munoz‑Lacy Alejandro Salinas‑Melgoza Katherine Renton Departamento de ciencias Biologicas Centro Universitario de la CostaUniversidad de GuadalajaraAv.Universidad No.203Delegacion IxtapaC.P.48280 Puerto VallartaJaliscoMexico comision Nacional Para el conocimiento y Uso para la Biodiversidad Liga Periferico‑Insurgentes Sur 4903Delegacion Tlalpan14010 Mexico CityMexico Facultad de Biologia Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de HidalgoCiudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacanMexico Estacion de Biologia chamela Instituto de BiologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoApartado Postal 21San Patricio‑MelaqueJaliscoMexico

Background:Dietary specialization should arise when there is a relatively high abundance of a particular resource,where animals may select food items to obtain an optimal diet that maximizes energy ***‑bodied psittacines frequently exhibit a narrow dietary niche with specific habitat use,but few studies have determined whether psittacines select food resources,and how this influences habitat ***:We established fruiting phenology transects to evaluate food resource availability for the large‑bodied Military Macaw(Ara militaris)in semi‑deciduous,deciduous,and pine‑oak forest at two sites along the coast of Jalisco,during the dry season when macaws are *** also determined Military Macaw diet by observations of foraging macaws along transect routes,and conducted bromatological analysis of the nutritional content of the most consumed ***:Military Macaws used six plant species as food items during the dry season,and had a narrow dietary niche(Levins’B=0.28),with 56%of foraging macaws consuming the seeds of Hura *** food resources were recorded in pine‑oak forest during the dry season,with food resources and foraging by macaws concentrated in tropical deciduous and semi‑deciduous forest,where *** was the most abundant fruiting tree *** considering the proportional availability of food resources,we determined a broad Hurlbert dietary niche breadth of H=0.67,indicating that Military Macaws consumed food resources according to their ***,the seeds of *** were an important source of protein,carbohydrates,minerals and moisture,and the hard fruitcasing means that these seeds are exclusively available for ***:By concentrating their diet on the most abundant resources,Military Macaws may increase foraging efficiency in the dry *** high nutrient content also means that concentrating the diet on seeds of *** may be an optimal foraging strategy for Military Macaws

关键词： Ara militaris Bromatological analysis Diet composition Food resource selection Fruiting phenology Hura polyandra Psittacidae Tropical dry forest

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Detecting white matter alterations in multiple sclerosis using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 114-123页

作者： Sourajit M.Mustafi Jaroslaw Harezlak chandana Kodiweera jennifer S.Randolph James c.Ford Heather A.Wishart Yu-chien Wu Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Indiana University Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Dartmouth Brain Imaging center Dartmouth College Department of Psychiatry Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth

Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative and inflammatory disease, a hallmark of which is demyelinating lesions in the white matter. We hypothesized that alterations in white matter microstructures can be non-invasively characterized by advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Seven diffusion metrics were extracted from hybrid diffusion imaging acquisitions via classic diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and q-space imaging. We investigated the sensitivity of the diffusion metrics in 36 sets of regions of interest in the brain white matter of six female patients(age 52.8 ± 4.3 years) with multiple sclerosis. Each region of interest set included a conventional T2-defined lesion, a matched perilesion area, and normal-appearing white matter. Six patients with multiple sclerosis(n = 5) or clinically isolated syndrome(n = 1) at a mild to moderate disability level were recruited. The patients exhibited microstructural alterations from normal-appearing white matter transitioning to perilesion areas and lesions, consistent with decreased tissue restriction, decreased axonal density, and increased classic diffusion tensor imaging diffusivity. The findings suggest that diffusion compartment modeling and q-spa ce analysis appeared to be sensitive for detecting subtle microstructural alterations between perilesion areas and normal-appearing white matter.

关键词： multiple sclerosis hybrid diffusion imaging NODDI diffusion tensor imaging q-space imaging

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Green tea extract as a cryoprotectant additive to preserve the motility and DNA integrity of human spermatozoa

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第2期23卷 150-156页

作者： Odai AM Alqawasmeh Mingpeng Zhao carol PS chan Maran BW Leung Ki c chow Nikunj Agarwal jennifer SM Mak chi c Wang chi P Pang Tin c Li Wai K chu David YL chan Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

cryopreservation impairs sperm quality and functions,including motility and DNA *** additives in sperm freezing media have previously brought improvements in postthawed sperm *** tea extract(GTE)is widely considered as an excellent antioxidant,and its beneficial role has been proven in other human *** study aims to evaluate the GTE as a potential additive in cryopreservation media of human *** part one,the semen of 20 normozoospermic men was used to optimize the concentration of GTE that maintains sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress,induced by hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)).Spermatozoa were treated with GTE at different concentrations before incubation with H_(2)O_(2).In part two,the semen of 45 patients was cryopreserved with or without 1.0 ng ml^(-1)*** 2 weeks,the semen was thawed,and the effect on sperm motility and DNA fragmentation was *** data showed that GTE significantly protected sperm motility and DNA integrity against oxidative stress induced by H_(2)O_(2)when added at a final concentration of 1.0 ng ml^(-1).We found that the addition of 1.0 ng ml^(-1)GTE to cryopreservation media significantly increased sperm motility and DNA integrity(both Pcant change in the reactive oxygen species(ROS)*** conclusion,supplementing sperm freezing media with GTE has a significant protective effect on human sperm motility and DNA integrity,which may be of clinical interest.

关键词： antioxidants cryopreservation additives sperm cryopreservation sperm DNA fragmentation sperm motility

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Yeast knockout library allows for efficient testing of genomic mutations for cell-free protein synthesis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2016年第1期1卷 2-6页

作者： jennifer *** Lauren G.clark Alaksh choudhury c.Eric Hodgman Michael c.Jewett Department of chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA chemistry of Life Processes Institute 2170 Campus DriveEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA Masters in Biotechnology Program Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA Robert H.Lurie comprehensive cancer center Northwestern University676 N.St Clair StSuite 1200ChicagoIL 60611-3068USA Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern University303 E.Superior StSuite 11-131ChicagoIL 60611-2875USA

cell-free protein synthesis(cFPS)systems from crude lysates have benefitted from modifications to their enzyme *** example,functionally deleting enzymes in the source strain that are deleterious to cFPS can improve protein synthesis ***,making such modifications can take substantial *** a proof-of-concept to accelerate prototyping capabilities,we assessed the feasibility of using the yeast knockout collection to identify negative effectors in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cFPS *** analyzed extracts made from six deletion strains that targeted the single deletion of potentially negative effectors(e.g.,nucleases).We found a statistically significant increase in luciferase yields upon loss of function of GcN3,PEP4,PPT1,NGL3,and XRN1 with a maximum increase of over 6-fold as compared to the wild *** work has implications for yeast cFPS and for rapidly prototyping strains to enable cell-free synthetic biology applications.

关键词： cell-free protein synthesis Saccharomyces cerevisiae Synthetic biology In vitro translation cell-free biology Protein expression

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