Effects of vegetation strata and human disturbance on bird diversity in green areas in a city in southern Chile

作     者：Andrés Munoz-Pedreros Marilyn González-Urrutia Francisco Encina-Montoya Heraldo V.Norambuena 

作者机构：Núcleo de Investigación en Estudios Ambientales NEADepartamento de Ciencias AmbientalesFacultad de Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Católica de TemucoCasilla 15.DTemucoChile Programa de Biodiversidad y Manejo de Vida SilvestreCentro de Estudios Agrarios y AmbientalesCasilla 164ValdiviaChile 

出 版 物：《Avian Research》 (鸟类学研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第9卷第4期

页      面：329-343页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 07[理学] 0905[农学-畜牧学] 0906[农学-兽医学] 09[农学] 0713[理学-生态学] 

主　　题：Urban birds Urban green area Vegetation structure Bird composition Chile 

摘      要：Background: Urbanisation is a dominant geographical trend and an important component of global change, with unprecedented implications for socio?economic, cultural and environmental characteristics. However, green areas, including original fragments, can help to conserve native diversity, improving the functioning of these artificial systems in the long term. Urban areas can still provide habitats usable by wild birds, however the structural charac?teristics of the habitat formed by different types of green area differ, and therefore dissimilar bird diversities are to be expected. The object of this study was to characterise the α and β diversities of birds in different green areas and to analyse how diversity relates to ten variables that characterise the ***: We studied the green areas in the city of Temuco, southern Chile(Park, Square and Median strips of main streets), evaluating the variables:(a) surface area,(b) vegetation,(c) estimated human impact as the proportions of vegetation and bare soil by area, and the vehicle traffic. The bird assemblage structures were characterised by α(intra?environment) diversity and β diversity(between environments) and the statistical analysis identified the environmen?tal variables related with the presence and abundance of birds. A statistical model was constructed to describe the contribution of the variables to bird ***: We found significant differences between the diversity of bird species in the three types of green area. The β showed medium to high similarity between the different study units. There was a negative correlation with bare soil areas; the correlations with vehicle flow, plant structure and tree and shrub cover were not significant, meaning that these variables did not explain the variation in the richness of bird species between the green areas. However the surface area did explain this variation presenting a positive potential relation. There was also a high correlation with the o