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Landscape features and weather influence nest survival of a ground-nesting bird of conservation concern,the greater sage-grouse,in humanaltered environments

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Ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 83-97页

作者： Stephen L Webb Chad V Olson matthew R Dzialak Seth m Harju jeffrey B Winstead Dusty Lockman Hayden-Wing Associates LLC2308 South 8th StreetLaramieWY82070USA KC Harvey Environmental LLC376 Gallatin Park DriveBozemanMT59715USA

Introduction:Ground-nesting birds experience high levels of nest ***,birds can make selection decisions related to nest site location and characteristics that may result in physical,visual,and olfactory impediments to ***:We studied daily survival rate[DSR]of greater sage-grouse(Centrocercus urophasianus)from 2008 to 2010 in an area in Wyoming experiencing large-scale alterations to the *** used generalized linear mixed models to model fixed and random effects,and a correlation within nesting attempts,individual birds,and ***:Predation of the nest was the most common source of nest failure(84.7%)followed by direct predation of the female(13.6%).Generally,landscape variables at the nest site(≤30 m)were more influential on DSR of nests than features at larger spatial *** of shrub canopy cover at the nest site(15-m scale)and distances to natural gas wells and mesic areas had a positive relationship with DSR of nests,whereas distance to roads had a negative relationship with DSR of *** added to the vegetation model,maximum wind speed on the day of nest failure and a 1-day lag in precipitation(i.e.,precipitation the day before failure)improved model fit whereby both variables negatively influenced DSR of ***:Nest site characteristics that reduce visibility(i.e.,shrub canopy cover)have the potential to reduce depredation,whereas anthropogenic(i.e.,distance to wells)and mesic landscape features appear to facilitate ***,predators may be more efficient at locating nests under certain weather conditions(i.e.,high winds and moisture).

关键词： behavior Centrocercus urophasianus conservation depredation generalized linear mixed models greater sage-grouse human development management nest survival weather

Identification and optimization of a potent and highly selective D3 dopamine receptor agonist

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 950-951页

作者： Amy E mORITZ R Benjamin FREE warren WEINER muzna BACHANI Trevor DOYLE Noel SOUTHALL marc FERRER Jonathan A JAVITCH Joseph STEINER Ara ABRAmYAN Lei SHI jeffrey AUBé Kevin FRANKOWSKI David R SIBLEY molecular Neuropharmacology Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20814 University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC27599 Neurotherapeutic Development Unit National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20814 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Rockville MD 20892 Columbia University New York NY 10032 Computational Chemistry and molecular Biophysics Unit Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health Baltimore MD 21224

OBJECTIVE Dopamine receptors(DRs) are involved in the development and treatment of many neuropsychiatric *** available dopaminergic drugs modulate both DRD2 and DRD3,leading to side effects and uncertainty as to the roles each DR subtype plays *** lab employed high throughput screening paradigms to discover highly selective modulators for the *** The NIH molecular Libraries Program 400,000 + small molecule library was screened using the Discove Rx Path Hunter?β-arrestin assay for compounds that activate the DRD3 without effects on the *** and counter-screens assessed selectivity and mechanisms of *** identified 62 potential agonists,and chose the most promising to perform a structure-activity relationship(SAR) study to increase potency while maintaining *** lead compound identified through this process,mL417,was also characterized using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer(BRET)-based β-arrestin recruitment and G-protein activation assays as well as p-ERK *** neuroprotective properties of this compound were assessed using a SHSY5 Y neuronal cell *** mL417 displays potent,DRD3-selective agonist activity in multiple functional *** and functional GPCR screens(>165 receptors) show mL417 has limited cross-reactivity with other ***417 also displays superior(compared to the reference compound pramipexole),dose-dependent protection against a decrease in neurite length induced by 10 μmol·L^(-1) of the neurotoxin,6-hydroxydopamine,in the SHSY5 Y cell *** We have discovered and characterized mL417,a potent and highly selective DRD3 *** compound will be useful as a research tool,and may prove useful as a therapeutic drug lead.

关键词： Dopamine receptor high throughput screening subtype selectivity neuroprotection

Flattening the biological age curve by improving metabolic health:to taurine or not to taurine,that’s the question

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第11期20卷 813-823页

作者： Kwok m.Ho Anna Lee William Wu matthew T.V.Chan Lowell Ling jeffrey Lipman Jason Roberts Edward Litton Gavin m.Joynt martin Wong Department of Intensive Care medicine Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthAustralia medical School The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia School of Veterinary&Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Anaesthesia&Intensive Care Prince of Wales HospitalChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jamieson Trauma Institute Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Division of Anaesthesiology Critical Care Emergency and Pain medicine Nîmes University HospitalUniversity of MontpellierNîmesFrance University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Herston Infectious Diseases Institute(HeIDI) Metro North HealthBrisbaneAustralia Departments of Pharmacy and Intensive Care medicine Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia JC School of Public Health and Primary Care Centre for Health Education and Health PromotionChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed *** med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health *** are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare *** is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological ***,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological *** trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.

关键词： rational meaningful Taurine

Identifying PCR primers to facilitate molecular phylogenetics in Caddisflies(Trichoptera)

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Zoological Systematics 2015年第4期40卷 459-469页

作者： Bonnie S.mcCullagh Scott A.Wissinger jeffrey m.marcus Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Departments of Biology and Environmental Science Allegheny College Rocky mountain Biological Laboratory

The molecular phylogenetics of the Lepidoptera （butterflies and moths） is well studied, but that of Trichoptera （caddisflies）, the sister clade of Lepidoptera, is less studied. The PCR primer libraries developed for lepidopteran phylogenetics might work in Trichoptera. DNA from 8 caddisfly species （Asynarchus nigriculus （Banks, 1908）, Grammotaulius lorettae Denning, 1941, Hesperophylax occidentalis （Banks, 1908）, Limnephilus externus Hagen, 1861, Limnephilus picturatus mcLachlan, 1875, Limnephilus secludens Banks, 1914, Limnephilus sublunatus Provancher, 1877 and Agrypnia deflata （milne, 1931）） was used to screen for amplification. 107 primer pairs for 45 nuclear and 3 mitochondrial genes were tested. Primers for 1 new gene （40S ribosomalprotein $2 （RPS2）） and 8 genes previously used in Trichopteran phylogenetics were recovered （16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase （CAD）, cytoehrome oxidase I （CO1）, cytochrome oxidase 11 （COIl）, elongation factor-1 alpha （EF-1 alpha）, isoeitrate dehydrogenase （IDH）, and RNA polymerase-II （POL-I1））. New primer pairs extended the genomic region sampled for many genes. Evolution rates among loci varied by 2 orders of magnitude. Differences among evolution rates and modes of inheritance offer flexible tools for resolving phylogenetic questions and examining genome evolution in the Trichoptera. Screening libraries of PCR primers is a useful approach for identifying PCR primers in related taxa with limited molecular genetic resources.

关键词： Trichoptera molecular phylogenetics mosaic genome evolution rates ofsequence evolution PCR primer library.

Significance of glacio-morphological factors in glacier retreat：a case study of part of Chenab basin,Himalaya

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Journal of mountain Science 2017年第1期14卷 128-141页

作者： Rupal m.BRAHmBHATT I.m.BAHUGUNA B.P RATHORE Anil V.KULKARNI Rajesh D.SHAH A.S.RAJAWAT jeffrey S.KARGEL m.G. Science Institute Ahmedabad - 380009 India Space Applications Centre ISRO Ahmedabad - 380015 India Indian Institute of Science Bangalore-560012 India Department of Hydrology & Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA

A study has been carried out in part of Chenab basin,Himalaya to understand the relationship between glacio-morphological factors and change in glacial area. Initially change in areal extent of glaciers was derived for two time frames(1962-2001/02 and 2001/02-2010/11). The study comprised of 324 glaciers for the monitoring period of 1962-2001/02 for,which 11% loss in glacial area was observed. Two hundred and thirty-eight glaciers were further monitored between 2001/02 and 2010/11. These glaciers showed an area loss of 1.1%. The annual deglaciation has been found to be higher during the period of 1962-2001/02 compared to 2001/02-2010/11. The spatial and temporal variability in deglaciation was also addressed usingglacio-morphic parameters. Area,length,percentage of debris cover,and various elevation parameters of glaciers were observed to have significant controls on relationships to the rate of glacial shrinkage. Largerarea and longer glaciers show a lower percentage of retreat than smaller and shorter ones. moreover,glaciers located at lower altitudes and having gentle slopes show more area retreat. The results of area retreat in debris covered and debris free glaciers supports that the glaciers covered by debris retard ice melting at some extent. 158 glaciers were observed having no debris cover,and these exhibit 14% of loss in surface area. In glaciers having 40% debris cover,8% of deglaciation was observed. The glaciers located below equilibrium line altitude(ELA) have experienced 4.6% of deglaciation for the time frame 2001/02 – 2010/11 whereas it was found to be 1.1% for the glaciers occurring above ELA. However,theorientation of glaciers did not show any considerable influence on glacial change based on hypothesis.

关键词： Glacier retreat Aspect Slope Altitude Debris cover Areal extent Climate change

Rapid earthquake focal mechanism inversion using high-rate GPS velometers in sparse network

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第11期58卷 1970-1981,1页

作者： GUO AiZhi NI SiDao CHEN WeiWen jeffrey T.FREYmUELLER SHEN ZhiChao State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks

In this study, we demonstrate an approach for inverting earthquake source parameters based on high-rate global positioning system （GPS） velocity seismograms. The velocity records obtained from single-station GPS velocity solutions with broadcast ephemeris are used directly for earthquake source parameter inversion using the Cut and Paste method, without requiring conversion of the velocity records into displacement records. Taking the E1 mayor-Cucapah earthquake as an example, GPS velocity records from 10 stations with reasonable azimuthal coverage provide earthquake source parameters very close to those from the Global centroid moment tensor （Global CmT） solution. In sparse network tests, robust source parameters with acceptable bias can be achieved with as few as three stations. When the number of stations is reduced to two, the bias in rake angle becomes appreciable, but the magnitude and strike estimations are still robust. The results of this study demonstrate that rapid and reliable estimation of earthquake source parameters can be obtained from GPS velocity data. These parameters could be used for early earthquake warning and shake map construction, because such GPS velocity records can be obtained in real time.

关键词： high-rate GPS velometer GPS velocity determination CAP method earthquake source parameters sparse network

Stem cell treatment improves post stroke neurological outcomes:a comparative study in male and female rats

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 519-527,I0005-I0010页

作者： Koteswara Rao Nalamolu Bharath Chelluboina Casimir A Fornal Siva Reddy Challa David m Pinson David Z Wang jeffrey D Klopfenstein Krishna Kumar Veeravalli Cancer Biology and Pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences California Health Sciences UniversityClovisCaliforniaUSA Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Health Sciences Education College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Neurosurgery College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA OSF HealthCare Illinois Neurological Institute PeoriaIllinoisUSA Pediatrics College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA

Background and purpose The therapeutic potential of different stem cells for ischaemic stroke treatment is intriguing and somewhat *** results from our laboratory have demonstrated the potential benefits of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells(mSC)in a rodent stroke *** hypothesised that mSC treatment would effectively promote the recovery of sensory and motor function in both males and females,despite any apparent sex differences in post stroke brain *** Transient focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral *** the procedure,male and female rats of the untreated group were euthanised 1 day after reperfusion and their brains were used to estimate the resulting infarct volume and tissue *** groups of stroke-induced male and female rats were treated with mSC or vehicle and were subsequently subjected to a battery of standard neurological/neurobehavioral tests(modified Neurological Severity Score assessment,adhesive tape removal,beam walk and rotarod).The tests were administered at regular intervals(at days 1,3,5,7 and 14)after reperfusion to determine the time course of neurological and functional recovery after *** The infarct volume and extent of swelling of the ischaemic brain were similar in males and *** similar pathological stroke lesions,the clinical manifestations of stroke were more pronounced in males than females,as indicated by the neurological scores and other *** treatment significantly improved the recovery of sensory and motor function in both sexes,and it demonstrated efficacy in both moderate stroke(females)and severe stroke(males).Conclusions Despite sex differences in the severity of post stroke outcomes,mSC treatment promoted the recovery of sensory and motor function in male and female rats,suggesting that it may be a promising treatment for stroke.

关键词： neurological female rats

Effective mass and Fermi surface complexity factor from ab initio band structure calculations

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npj Computational materials 2017年第1期3卷 417-423页

作者： Zachary m.Gibbs Francesco Ricci Guodong Li Hong Zhu Kristin Persson Gerbrand Ceder Geoffroy Hautier Anubhav Jain G.jeffrey Snyder California Institute of Technology Division of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringPasadenaCAUSA Institute of Condensed matter and Nanosciences(ImCN) Universitécatholique de LouvainChemin desétoiles 8bte L7.03.01Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University2220 Campus DriveEvanstonILUSA Department of materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueMassachusettsMAUSA Lawrence Berkeley National Lab 1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCAUSA

The effective mass is a convenient descriptor of the electronic band structure used to characterize the density of states and electron transport based on a free electron *** effective mass is an excellent first-order descriptor in real systems,the exact value can have several definitions,each of which describe a different aspect of electron *** we use Boltzmann transport calculations applied to ab initio band structures to extract a density-of-states effective mass from the Seebeck Coefficient and an inertial mass from the electrical conductivity to characterize the band structure irrespective of the exact scattering *** identify a Fermi Surface Complexity Factor:N_(v)^(*)K^(*) from the ratio of these two masses,which in simple cases depends on the number of Fermi surface pockets eN_(v)^(*) T and their anisotropy K^(*),both of which are beneficial to high thermoelectric performance as exemplified by the high values found in *** Fermi Surface Complexity factor can be used in high-throughput search of promising thermoelectric materials.

关键词： mechanism materials Fermi

Distinct and Additive Effects of Alcohol and Thiamine Deficiency in the Developing Brain: Relevance to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第6期14卷 161-186页

作者： Suzanne m. de la monte Elizabeth Silbermann ming Tong Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology) Neurology and Neurosurgery Brown University Providence RI USA Department of medicine Brown University Providence RI USA Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA Women & Infants Hospital Providence RI USA warren Alpert medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Portland VA medical Center Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Background: Neurodevelopmental abnormalities in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are linked to brain insulin resistance and oxidative stress. However, the role of thiamine deficiency as a distinct or additive factor in the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopmental and metabolic derangements in FASD has not been determined. methods: Control and ethanol-exposed human PNET2 cerebellar neuronal cells and rat cerebellar slice cultures were treated with vehicle or pyrithiamine (Pyr) to assess independent and additive effects of thiamine deficiency on ethanol-mediated neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, inhibition of neuronal and glial genes, and oxidative stress. Results: Pyr treatments (0 - 200 µm) caused dose-dependent cell loss (Crystal Violet assay) and reduced mitochondrial function (mTT assay) in PNET2 neuronal cultures. Ethanol alone (100 mm) significantly reduced PNET2 neuronal viability, mTT activity, and ATP production. Over the broad dose range of Pyr treatment, ethanol significantly reduced ATP content and cell number and increased mitochondrial mass (mitoTracker Green). Ex vivo cerebellar slice culture studies revealed ethanol-induced developmental architectural disruption that was substantially worsened by Pyr. The adverse effects of ethanol were linked to increased lipid peroxidation and inhibition of asparatyl-asparaginyl-β-hydroxylase (ASPH) expression. The independent and additive effects of Pyr were associated with increased cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, Caspase 3 activation, and Tau accumulation. Conclusions: During development, alcohol exposure and thiamine deficiency exert distinct but overlapping molecular pathologies that ultimately impair the structure and function of cerebellar neurons. While both insults drive cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction with increased lipid peroxidation, ethanol’s additional inhibitory effects on ASPH reflect impairments in insulin and IGF signaling. In contrast, Pyr’s main adverse e

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Thiamine Deficiency Cerebellum Slice Culture Pyrithiamine