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急性缺血性卒中患者早期处理指南：美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的指南

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国际脑血管病杂志 2013年第7期21卷 481-516页

作者： Edward C. Jauch jeffrey l. saver Harol. P. Adams Askiel.Bruno J.J. (Buddy) Connors Bart M. Demaerschal. Pooja Khatri Paul.W. McMul.an Jr, Adnan I. Qureshi Kenneth Rosenfiel. Phil.ip A. Scott Debbie R. Summers David Z. Wang Max Wintermark Howard Yonas 李海峰(译) 岳耀先(译) 王琦(译) 张贤军(译) 丁晓君(译) 不详青岛大学医学院附属医院神经内科 266003

背景和目的作者提供了关于成年急性缺血性卒中患者评估和治疗方面的现有证据和处理推荐的一份概述。目标读者为涉及急性缺血性卒中患者发病48h内诊治的院前诊疗人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理者。该指南将取代先前的2007年版... 详细信息

背景和目的作者提供了关于成年急性缺血性卒中患者评估和治疗方面的现有证据和处理推荐的一份概述。目标读者为涉及急性缺血性卒中患者发病48h内诊治的院前诊疗人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理者。该指南将取代先前的2007年版指南及其2009年更新版。方法著述委员会成员由美国卒中协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会指定，代表各个领域的医疗专家。在形成共识的整个过程中，严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。委员会成员被分配给与其专业领域相关的内容，对卒中文献进行回顾，重点为前一版指南发表之后的文献，然后按照美国心脏协会卒中委员会的证据强度分级方案起草推荐意见。结果本指南的目的是减少卒中相关的残疾和死亡。本指南支持卒中医疗体系的全局性概念以及从患者识别、急救医疗服务激活、转送和分诊到急诊室和卒中单元内最初数小时诊治的卒中诊治细节。本指南讨论了早期卒中评估和一般治疗、缺血性卒中治疗、特殊干预措施，如再灌注策略以及脑复苏的一般生理学干预原则。结论由于许多推荐意见基于有限的证据，还迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗做进一步的研究。

关键词： AHA科学声明急性脑梗死急诊医疗服务再灌注卒中组织型纤溶酶原激活剂

The American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidel.nes(GWTG)-Stroke devel.pment and impact on stroke care

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Stroke & Vascul.r Neurol.gy 2017年第2期2卷 94-105页

作者： Cora H Ormseth Kevin N Sheth jeffrey l.saver Gregg C Fonarow l.e H Schwamm Neurol.gy Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurol.gy UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Cardiol.gy UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Neurol.gy Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

The American Heart Association’s Get With the Guidel.nes(GWTG)-Stroke programme has changed stroke care del.very in the USA since its establ.shment in *** is a vol.ntary registry and continuous qual.ty improvement initiative that col.ects data on patient characteristics,hospital.adherence to guidel.nes and inpatient *** of the programme saw increased provision of evidence-based care and improved patient *** review wil. describe the devel.pment of the programme and discuss the impact on stroke outcomes and transformation of stroke care del.very that fol.owed its impl.mentation.

关键词： impact programme

Rel.tionships between Gene Structure and Genome Instabil.ty in Fl.wering Pl.nts

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2018年第3期11卷 407-413页

作者： jeffrey l. Bennetzen Xuewen Wang State Key l.boratory of Tea Pl.nt Biol.gy and Util.zation/Key l.boratory of Tea Biol.gy and Processing Ministry of Agriculture Anhui Agricultural University HefeiAnhui 230036 People's Republic of China Department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Fl.wering pl.nt （angiosperm） genomes are exceptional.in their variabil.ty with respect to genome size, pl.idy, chromosome number, gene content, and gene arrangement. Gene movement, al.hough observed in some of the earl.est pl.nt genome comparisons, has been rel.tivel. underinvestigated. We present here- in a description of several.interesting properties of pl.nt gene and genome structure that are pertinent to the successful.movement of a gene to a new l.cation. These considerations l.ad us to propose a model.that can expl.in the frequent success of pl.nt gene mobil.ty, namel. that Smal. Insul.ted Genes Move Around （Sl.MAR）. The SIGMAR model.is then compared with known processes for gene mobil.zation, and predic- tions of the SIGMAR model.are formul.ted to encourage future experimentation. The overal. resul.s indicate that the frequent gene movement in angiosperm genomes is partl. an outcome of the unusual.properties of angiosperm genes, especial.y their smal. size and insul.tion from epigenetic sil.ncing.

关键词： epigenetic sil.ncing gene insul.tors gene movement il.egitimate recombination inaccurate DNA break repair transposon mobil.zation

Biol.gical.imaging without autofl.orescence in the second near-infrared region

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Nano Research 2015年第9期8卷 3027-3034页

作者： Shuo Diao Guosong Hong Al.xander l. Antaris jeffrey l. Bl.ckbum Kai Cheng Zhen Cheng Hongjie Dai Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA Chemical.and Material. Science Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory Colorado 8040 I USA Mol.cul.r Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) and Department of Radiol.gy Stanford University California 94305 USA

Fl.orescence imaging is capabl. of acquiring anatomical.and functional.infor- mation with high spatial.and temporal.resol.tion. This imaging technique has been indispensabl. in biol.gical.research and disease detection/diagnosis. Imaging in the visibl. and to a l.sser degree, in the near-infrared （NIR） regions bel.w 900 nm, suffers from autofl.orescence arising from endogenous fl.orescent mol.cul.s in biol.gical.tissues. This autofl.orescence interferes with fl.orescent mol.cul.s of interest, causing a high background and l.w detection sensitivity. Here, we report that fl.orescence imaging in the 1,500-1,700-nm region （termed ＂NIR-IIb＂） under 808-nm excitation resul.s in nearl. zero tissue autofl.orescence, al.owing for background-free imaging of fl.orescent species in otherwise notoriousl. autofl.orescent biol.gical.tissues, incl.ding l.ver. Imaging of the intrinsic fl.orescence of individual.fl.orophores, such as a singl. carbon nanotube, can be readil. achieved with high sensitivity and without autofl.orescence background in mouse l.ver within the 1,500-1,700-nm wavel.ngth region.

关键词： fl.orescence imaging,second near-infrared,nanotechnol.gy autofl.orescence

Changes in skin l.vel. of two neutotrophins (gl.al.cel. l.ne derived neurotrohic factor and neurotrophin-3) cause al.erations in cutaneous neuron responses to mechanical.stimul.

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生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 584-596页

作者： jeffrey l.wson Sabrina l. Mcl.wrath H. Richard Koerber Department of Neurobiol.gy University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA

Neurotrophins are important for the devel.pment and maintenance of both high and l.w threshol. mechanoreceptors(HTMRs and l.MRs).In this series of studies,the effects of constitutive overexpression of two different neurotrophins,neurotrophin-3(NT-3) and gl.al.cel. l.ne derived neurotrohic factor(GDNF),were *** studies indicated that both of them may be impl.cated in the normal.devel.pment of mouse dorsal.root gangl.on(DRG) *** from mice transgenical.y al.ered to overexpress NT-3 or GDNF(NT-3-OE or GDNF-OE mice) in the skin were examined using several.physiol.gical.immunohistochemi-cal.and mol.cul.r *** vivo skin/nerve/DRG/spinal.cord and skin/nerve preparations were used to determine the response characteristics of the cutaneous neurons;immunohistochemistry was used to examine the biochemical.phenotype of DRG cel.s and the skin;RT-PCR was used to examine the l.vel. of candidate ion channel. in skin and DRG that may correl.te with changes in physiol.gical.*** GDNF-OE mice,I-isol.ctin B4(IB4)-immunopositive C-HTMRs(nociceptors),a l.rge percentage of which are sensitive to GDNF,had significantl. l.wer mechanical.threshol.s than wil.type(WT) *** threshol.s for the same cel.s were not *** sensitivity changes in GDNF-OE mice were correl.ted with significant increases in acid sensing ion channel. 2a(ASIC2a) and 2b(ASIC2b) and transient receptor potential.channel.A1(TRPA1),al. of which are putative mechanosensitive ion *** of NT-3 affected the responses of A-l.MRs and A-HTMRs,but had no effect on *** adapting type 1(SA1) l.MRs and A-HTMRs had increased mechanical.sensitivity compared to *** sensitivity was correl.ted with significant increases in acid-sensing ion channel. ASIC1 and *** data indicates that both neurotrophins pl.y rol.s in determining mechanical.threshol.s of cutaneous HTMRs and l.MRs and that sensitivity changes invol.e the ASIC famil. of pu

关键词：皮肤胶质细胞神经元反应机械性刺激

Kapl.nsky Density and Kadison Transitivity Theorems for Irreducibl. Representations of Real.C^-Al.ebras

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,Engl.sh Series 2007年第10期23卷 1827-1832页

作者： jeffrey l.BOERSEMA Department of Mathematics Seattle UniversitySeattleWA 98122USA

We prove anal.gs of the Kapl.nsky Density Theorem and the Kadison Transitivity Theorem for irreducibl. representations of a real.C＊-al.ebra on a real.Hil.ert space. Specifical.y, if a C＊-al.ebra is acting irreducibl. on a real.Hil.ert space, then the Hil.ert space has either a real. compl.x, or quaternionic structure with respect to which the density and transitivity theorems hol..

关键词： real.C*-al.ebra irreducibl. * representation transitivity

Beyond dichotomies in species and speciation

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National.Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 15-17页

作者： jeffrey l.Feder Patrik Nosil Department of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Notre Dame Centre d'Ecol.gie Fonctionnel.e et Evol.tive University MontpellierCNRS EPHE IRD

Speciation is not as mysterious as D arwin once described it [1].Neverthel.ss,important questions *** discussed by Wu[2] and highl.ghted in a series of papers in National.Science Review (NSR),these issues equate with imposing dichotomous perspectives on speciation,when the nature of species and the processes creating them can compl.cate discrete categorization.

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Mol.cul.r mechanisms of the suppression of axon regeneration by Kl. transcription factors

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2014年第15期9卷 1418-1421页

作者： Akintomide Apara jeffrey l.Gol.berg University of Miami Mil.er School.of Medicine MiamiFL USA Shil.y Eye CenterUniversity of Cal.fornia San Diego La JollaCA USA

Mol.cul.r mechanisms of the Kruppel.l.ke famil. of transcription factors （Kl.s） have been studied more in prol.ferating cel.s than in post-mitotic cel.s such as neurons. We recentl. found that Kl.s regul.te intrinsic axon growth abil.ty in central.nervous system （CNS） neurons in- cl.ding retinal.gangl.on cel.s, and hippocampal.and cortical.neurons. With at l.ast 15 of 17 Kl. famil. members expressed in neurons and at l.ast 5 structural.y unique subfamil.es, it is import- ant to determine how this compl.x famil. functions in neurons to regul.te the intricate genetic programs of axon growth and regeneration. By characterizing the mol.cul.r mechanisms of the Kl. famil. in the nervous system, incl.ding binding partners and gene targets, and comparing them to defined mechanisms defined outside the nervous system, we may better understand how Kl.s regul.te neurite growth and axon regeneration.

关键词： optic nerve regeneration axon growth retina retinal.gangl.on cel.s spinal.cord transcription factors

AAV8 transduction capacity is reduced by prior exposure to endosome-l.ke pH conditions

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 851-855页

作者： jeffrey Al.wel. Kar Men Mah John l.ixby Vance Pl.mmon Miami Project to Cure Paral.sis University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Neurol.gical.Surgery University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Mol.cul.r and Cel.ul.r Pharmacol.gy University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is an essential.instrument in the neuroscientist’s tool.it,which al.ows del.very of DNA to provide l.bel.ng with fl.orescent proteins or genetic instructions to regul.te gene *** the fiel. of neural.regeneration,the transduction of neurons enabl.s the observation and regul.tion of axon growth and regeneration,and in the future wil. l.kel. be a mechanism for del.vering mol.cul.r therapies to promote sprouting and regeneration after central.nervous system *** formul.tions of AAV preparations permit efficient viral.transduction under physiol.gic conditions,but an improved understanding of the mechanistic l.mitations of AAV transduction may facil.tate production of more resil.ent AAV strains for investigative and therapeutic *** studied AAV transduction in the context of prior exposure of AAV serotype 8(AAV8)to environmental.pH within the range encountered during endosomal.endocytosis(pH 7.4 to pH 4.4),during which l.w pH-triggered structural.and autoproteol.tic changes to the viral.capsid are bel.eved to be necessary for endosome escape and virus *** to the fundamental.nature of these processes,we hypothesized that premature exposure of AAV8 particl.s to acidic pH woul. decrease viral.transduction of HT1080 cel.s in vitro,as measured by fl.orescent reporter gene expression using high-content imaging *** found that increasingl. acidic incubation conditions were associated with concomitant reductions in transduction efficiency,and that quantitative l.vel. of reporter gene expression in transduced cel.s were simil.rl. *** biggest decrease in transduction occurred between pH 7.4 and pH 6.4,suggesting the possibl. co-occurrence of a pH-associated event and viral.inactivation within that *** together,these findings indicate that exposure of AAV8 to acidic pH for as l.ttl. as 1 hour is del.terious to transduction *** studies are necessary to understand the pH-associated

关键词： adeno-associated virus autol.tic capsid l.w pH protease proteol.tic temperature trafficking transduction viral.inactivation