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Hybridisation on coral reefs and the conservation of evolutionary novelty

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 132-145页

作者： Zoe T. RICHARDS jean-paul A. HOBBS Department of Aquatic Zoology Western Australian Museum Welshpool WA 6015 Australia Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Bentley WA 6845 Australia

Hybridisation was traditionally considered rare on coral reefs. However, a rapid increase in hybrid studies over the last 20 years has revealed that hybridisation on coral reefs is common and widespread. In this review, we summarise the growing body of evidence arising from studies on stony corals and reef fishes to verify the occurrence of hybridisation, and we examine the influence hybridisation has had on the enormous level of biodiversity present on coral reefs. We discuss the challenges of distinguishing hybridisation from alternative hypotheses (e.g. incomplete lineage sorting). This review also explores the evolutionary consequences of hybridisation, which range from increasing genetic diversity and the production of novel lineages that may outperform the parent species, to reverse speciation and extinction by genetic swamping. Instances of hybridisation can be natural or occur as a result of human impacts (e.g. habitat degradation) and distinguishing between these two very different causal mechanisms is important for management. Currently, the legislative status of hybrids is unclear and hybrids are rarely protected in conservation programs. Failing to adequately manage hybridisation and hybrid lineages may lead to potential losses of evolutionary novelty, declines in phylogenetic diversity or species extinctions. To conserve existing coral reef biodiversity, and the processes that generate biodiversity, conservation policies must be re-defined and instances of hybridisation must be assessed and managed on a case-by-case basis.

关键词：保护政策珊瑚礁杂交进化生物多样性混合动力车物种灭绝遗传多样性

Accurate surface potential determination in Schottky diodes by the use of a correlated current and capacitance voltage *** to n-InP

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第10期32卷 39-43页

作者： Ali Ahaitouf Abdelaziz Ahaitouf jean paul Salvestrini Hussein Srour Laboratoire Signaux Systemes et Composants DGE Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversite Sidi Mohammed Ben AbdellahP.O.Box 2202FES Morocco LIMAO Faculte polydisciplinaire de Taza Universite Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah de FesBP 1223 Taza-GareMorocco Laboratoire Materiaux Optiques Photonique et SystemesEA 4423Universite Paul Verlaine-MetzSupelec2 rue E.Belin57070 MetzFrance

Based on current voltage（I-Vg） and capacitance voltage（C-Vg） measurements,a reliable procedure is proposed to determine the effective surface potential Vd（Vg） in Schottky *** the framework of thermionic emission,our analysis includes both the effect of the series resistance and the ideality factor,even voltage dependent. This technique is applied to n-type indium phosphide（n-InP） Schottky diodes with and without an interfacial layer and allows us to provide an interpretation of the observed peak on the C-Vg *** study clearly shows that the depletion width and the flat band barrier height deduced from C-Vg,which are important parameters directly related to the surface potential in the semiconductor,should be estimated within our approach to obtain more reliable information.

关键词： Schottky diode interface states surface potential ideality factor barrier height capacitance voltage current measurements

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转换酶抑制剂培哚普利拉非激肽酶依赖性地加强由激肽引起的内皮依赖性血管松弛(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第3期23卷 15-19页

作者： jean Vivien MOMBOULI,Kevin D BALLARD,paul M VANHOUTTE University of Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo Center for Experimental Therapeutics Baylor College of Medicine Houston Texas USA Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier 92415 Courbevoie Cedex France

The present study examined whether or not the resistance to degradation of bradykinin analogs affects the kinin-potentiating action of the inhibitor of converting enzyme, perindoprilat. METHODS: Hydrolysis of [Hyp3,Tyr(Me)8]-bradykinin by ACE present in isolated canine coronary arteries was assessed by determination of peptide metabolites using electrospray mass spectrometry, and compared to that of bradykinin. Contractions and relaxations of isolated rings of coronary arteries, with and without endothelium, were recorded as changes in isometric force. RESULTS: After a 30 min incubation, most of the bradykinin was degraded by the arteries, while less than 10 % of [Hyp3 Tyr(Me)8]-bradykinin was hydrolysed. In organ chambers, [Hyp3, Tyr(Me)8]-bradykinin like bradykinin caused relaxations of isolated canine coronary arteries with endothelium that could be attributed to both NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Perindoprilat caused a comparable leftward shift in the concentration-relaxa

关键词：缓激肽受体一氧化氮内皮血管紧张素转换酶抑制药肽基-二肽酶A

关于卢旺达职业技术教育与培训教师对技术教学内容知识（TPACK）水平的看法的调查研究

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关于卢旺达职业技术教育与培训教师对技术教学内容知识（TPACK）...

作者： RUKUNDO jean paul 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

研究表明,擅长将技术融入课堂的教师能更好地传达其教学理念。教学技术和教学法之间的关系表明,教师能够维持学习者中心环境;在这种环境中,技术是学习的有力工具。该研究调查了教师对教学的看法是如何随着技术的发展而变化的。教师在课... 详细信息

研究表明,擅长将技术融入课堂的教师能更好地传达其教学理念。教学技术和教学法之间的关系表明,教师能够维持学习者中心环境;在这种环境中,技术是学习的有力工具。该研究调查了教师对教学的看法是如何随着技术的发展而变化的。教师在课堂上使用的教学技术,以及教学实践,揭示了教师对如何利用教学技术的看法,以及他们的教学水平。该研究的结论有利于完善卢旺达目前的教学目标检验和应用评估。同时,研究还提出了潜在的补救措施,其中之一是TPACK培训。TPACK培训有利于卢旺达地区提高教学效果。本研究收集数据的方法为说明分析,收集数据的工具是问卷调查和访谈。根据调查结果,受访者基本完全承认分析其TPACK的论断。在该研究开始前,教师们已提前知晓TPACK模型。研究者告知受访教师,其他职业技术教育与培训机构也在使用TPACK模型,以及在教学中的实际应用和对于学生的重要性。由于政府有针对英语教师在TPACK模型的培训,并教授他们如何在课堂教学中使用包括ICT的教学工具,目前,受访教师可在教学中灵活使用ICT,并了解到技术在教学中的重要性。研究者发现,教师和学习者在智能教室中都使用了ICT工具。研究结果显示,教师的性别与专业程度会影响TPACK在课堂中的使用效率。因此,教师对TPACK的理解需进一步提高,以成功地将ICT纳入课堂教学中。其次,教师的知识框架或TPACK一直是研究焦点。卢旺达地区的研究结果表明,技术与职业教育培训教师具备了良好的教学专业知识、技术知识,且对教学内容有较好的理解。另外,卢旺达政府为职业培训师和教练员完善了基础设施。结果表明,相比没有接受过培训的教师,受训教师有更好的表现。最后,卢旺达的商业部门投资建立了培训和咨询企业,以提高TVET教师的TPACK熟练程度。论文主要调查TVET教师对TPACK的看法,包括TVET教师对如何在教学使用教学科技的看法。来自不同职业技术教育学校的志愿者教师(n=20)参与了Gashonga职业技术教育学校和Rwinzuki职业技术教育学校的研究。研究结果表明,在职教师对TPACK的理解有待提高,这样才能将ICT更好地整合到课堂教学中。

关键词： TVET教师内容知识技术内容知识技术教学内容知识卢旺达

Epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii colonization in neonatal intensive care units:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： Donatien Serge Mbaga Sebastien Kenmoe Seraphine Nkie Esemu Arnol Bowo-Ngandji Nene Kaah Keneh Jane-Francis Tatah Kihla Akoachere Hortense Kamga Gonsu Roland Ndip Ndip jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo Cyprien Kengne-Ndé Nicholas Tendongfor jean paul Assam Assam Lucy Mande Ndip Jacky Njiki Bikoï Sara Honorine Riwom Essama Department of Microbiology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBuea 00237Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Center for Research in Health and Priority Pathologies Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Epidemiological Surveillance Evaluation and Research UnitNational AIDS Control CommitteeDouala 00237Cameroon

BACKGROUND The rising prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)in neonatal intensive care units(NICUs)represents an escalating challenge in healthcare settings,particularly in managing hospital-acquired infections(HAIs).Studies across various World Health Organization regions have documented a significant incidence of CRAB-related HAIs,with rates as high as 41.7 cases per 1000 patients in ICUs,accounting for 13.6%of all *** infections pose a doubled mortality risk compared to infections with carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii.A particularly concerning aspect of CRAB colonization is its asymptomatic nature,enabling its transmission through healthcare workers(HCWs)or the NICU environment to vulnerable neonates with developing immune *** To explore the prevalence of CRAB colonization in NICUs,focusing on neonates,healthcare workers,and the environmental samples,to enhance epidemiological understanding and inform targeted *** We conducted according to PRISMA 2020 checklist guidelines,a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases including MEDLINE(Ovid),EMBASE(Ovid),Global Health(Ovid),Web of Science,and Global Index *** were selected based on predetermined criteria,primarily involving neonates,HCWs,and environmental swabs,using culture or molecular methods to detect CRAB *** excluded studies that did not specifically focus on NICUs,were duplicates,or lacked necessary *** study selection and quality assessment were conducted independently by two *** extraction involved collecting comprehensive details about each *** statistical analysis used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and confidence intervals,stratifying results by regional *** assessed study heterogeneity using Cochran's Q statistic and I²statistic,with regression tests employed to evaluate potential publication *** We analyzed 737 records from f

关键词： Colonization Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Neonatal intensive-care unit

Fast Multi-Operator Image Resizing and Evaluation

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第1期27卷 121-134页

作者：董未名鲍冠伯张晓鹏 jean-Claude paul Sino-French Laboratory for Computer Science Automation and Applied Mathematics/National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control Domaine de Voluceau Rocquencourt Le Chesnay 78153France

Current multi-operator image resizing methods succeed in generating impressive results by using image similarity measure to guide the resizing process. An optimal operation path is found in the resizing space. However, their slow resizing speed caused by inefficient computation strategy of the bidirectional patch matching becomes a drawback in practical use. In this paper, we present a novel method to address this problem. By combining seam carving with scaling and cropping, our method can realize content-aware image resizing very fast. We define cost functions combing image energy and dominant color descriptor for all the operators to evaluate the damage to both local image content and global visual effect. Therefore our algorithm can automatically find an optimal sequence of operations to resize the image by using dynamic programming or greedy algorithm. We also extend our algorithm to indirect image resizing which can protect the aspect ratio of the dominant object in an image.

关键词： image resizing multi-operator operator cost indirect resizing

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Origin and intraplate tectonic setting of mafic magmatic enclaves from the Ngaoundal area,Adamawa-Cameroon:Insights from petrography and geochemistry

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China Geology 2022年第4期5卷 579-594页

作者： Aliou Mamouda Sylvestre Ganno Guy Tchoupe Takam Bertin Arnold Mbita Motto Steven Hermann Donald Fossi jean paul Nzenti Joseph Mvondo Ondoa Department of Earth Sciences University of YaoundéIYaoundéCameroon Institute for Geological and Mining Research(IRGM) YaoundéCameroon

In this contribution,detailed field descriptions together with petrographic and bulk-rock major,trace and rare earth elements(REE)data are used to constrain the origin and geodynamic setting of the mafic magmatic enclaves(MMEs)recently discovered within the Pan-African Ngaoundal pluton,Adamawa area,central *** investigated MMEs are dark-colored with chilled margins,and display medium to coarse-grain igneous *** mineral assemblage is either dominated by K-feldspar and carbonate(group Ⅰ),or by amphibole and plagioclase(group Ⅱ),though the overall mineral phases made of amphibole,plagioclase,K-feldspar,and biotite are similar to that of their host syenite but in different *** MMEs in Ngaoundal area are foid-gabbro in composition with SiO_(2) contents ranging between 41.52% and 43.74% and are contiguous with their host granitoids of intermediate composition(SiO_(2)=57.52% to 58.98%).The host granitoid rocks are metaluminous,and belong to the shoshonitic *** and geochemical data have revealed that the Ngaoundal MMEs derived from rapid cooling of hot injected lithospheric mantle-derived magma within cooler host granitoids magma and were emplaced in the intraplate geodynamic setting.

关键词： Mafic magmatic enclaves(MMEs) Granitoids Lithospheric mantle REE Intraplate Adamawa-Cameroon

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Fuzzy Henstock-Kurzweil Triple Integral

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第7期11卷 1860-1870页

作者： Kumwimba Seya Didier Kasongo Ntambwe Dany Mayuke Katshongo jean-paul Lunda Ngoie jean-Pierre Département de Mathématiques et Informatique (DRC) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo

In this article, we use the Hausdorf distance to treat triple Simpson’s rule of the Henstock triple integral of a fuzzy valued function as well as the error bound of the method. We also introduce δ-fine subdivisions for a Henstock triple integral and numerical example is presented in order to show the application and the consequence of the method.

关键词： Fuzzy-Valued Function Hausdorff Distance Triple Fuzzy Integral Triple Simpson’s Rule δ-Fine Henstock Integral

Iohexol plasma and urinary concentrations in cirrhotic patients:A pilot study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1621-1632页

作者： paul Carrier Alexandre Destere Baptiste Giguet Marilyne Debette-Gratien Marie Essig Caroline Monchaud jean-Baptiste Woillard Véronique Loustaud-Ratti Department of Liver Disease Limoges University Hospital CenterU1248INSERMF-87000LimogesFrance Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and Centre of PharmacovigilanceLimoges University Hospital CenterU1248INSERMF-87000LimogesFrance

BACKGROUND Renal failure is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with *** to calculate serum creatinine significantly overestimate the glomerular filtration rate(GFR).Plasma clearance of direct biomarkers has been used to improve the accuracy of evaluations of GFR in this population,but no study has simultaneously measured plasma and urinary clearance,which is the gold *** To study calculated plasma and urinary concentrations of iohexol,based on the kinetics of samples collected over 24 h from cirrhotic patients with three different grades of *** One dose of iohexol(5 mL)was injected intravenously and plasma concentrations were measured 11 times over 24 h in nine cirrhotic *** urinary concentration of iohexol was also measured,in urine collected at 4,8,12 and 24 *** The plasma and urinary curves of iohexol were similar;however,incomplete urinary excretion was detected at 24 *** the estimated GFR limits of our population(>30 and<120 mL/min/1.73 m^(2)),the median measured GFR(m GFR)was 63.7 mL/min/1.73 m^(2)(range:41.3–111.3 mL/min/1.73 m^(2)),which was an accurate reflection of the actual ***-based formulas for estimatingGFR showed significant bias and imprecision,while the Brochner–Mortensen(BM)equation accurately estimated the m GFR(r=0.93).CONCLUSION Plasma clearance of iohexol seems useful for determining GFR regardless of the ascites *** will secondly devise a pharmacokinetics model requiring fewer samples andvalidate the BM equation.

关键词： Cirrhosis Glomerular filtration Rate Iohexol Pharmacokinetics Brochner-Mortensen