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Temperature Dependence of Density,Viscosity,Thermal Conductivity and Heat Capacity of Vegetable Oils for Their Use as Biofuel in Internal Combustion Engines

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2019年第1期9卷 44-64页

作者： augustin SampawindéZongo Gilles Vaitilingom Tizane Daho Christian Caillol jean-Francois Hoffmann Bruno Piriou Jeremy Valette Bila Gérard Segda Pascal Higelin LPCE Département de physiqueUniversitéOuaga 1 Pr JKZBurkina Faso Unitéde recherche BioWooEB CIRAD MontpellierBat 1673 rue JF BretonMontpellierFrance Laboratoire PRISME Universitéd’Orléans8 rue Léonard de Vinci45072 Orléans Cedex 2France Laboratoire PROMES-CNRS UPR-8521 Universitéde Perpignan Via Domitia Rambla de laThermodynamiqueTecnosudPerpignanFrance

This work gives tools to overcome the difficulty to determine experimentally physical properties for vegetable oils within the range of temperature typically observed during the injection phase in a diesel engine. Knowing vegetable oils’ physical properties to these ranges of temperature is of fundamental importance when modeling their combustion in diesel engine. However, vegetable oils’ experimental physical properties data are rare in the literature for temperature above 523 K. This paper describes experimental measurements and estimation methods for density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity and heat capacity of vegetable oils for this particular range of temperature. The methodology uses several correlative methods using group contribution approach for each property and compares experimental data with predicted one to select the more accurate model. This work has shown the rapeseed and jatropha oils’ physical properties can be satisfactorily predicted as a function of temperature using group contribution approach.

关键词： Rapeseed Oil Jatropha Oil Physical Properties Group Contribution Method Energy Diesel Engine

2.5D Crustal Models Derived from Analytical Polynomial Separation Technique and Spectral Analysis of Gravity Data with Their Probable Gold Mineralization Migrations (Batouri, SE-Cameroon)

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2021年第1期10卷 1-24页

作者： Ngoumou Paul Claude Assembe Stephane Patrick Owono Amougou Olivier Ulrich Igor Meying Arsene Yandjimaing Justine Ngoh jean Daniel Pepogo Man-Mvele augustin Didier School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Postgraduate School of Technology Science and Geoscience University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Geophysical surveying is crucial in the investigation of mineral resources in poorly exposed areas such as SE-Cameroon, a region known for its gold mineral potential. In this paper, gravity survey is carried out in the Batouri area, SE-Cameroon based on land gravity data from the Centre-south Cameroon. Therefore, an analytical polynomial separation program, based on least-square fitting of a third-degree polynomial surface to the Bouguer anomaly map, was used to separate the regional/residual components in gravity data. This technique permitted to better understand the disposition of the deep and near surface structures responsible of the observed anomalies in the Batouri area. Spectral analysis and 2.5D modelling of two profiles P1 (SW-NE) and P2 (N-S) selected from the residual anomaly map provided depths to basement. These depths constrain the gravity models along the profiles, indicating a variable thickness of the sedimentary infill with an approximate anomaly of -33 mGal. The 2.5D model of the basement shows a gravity body, with a signature suggesting two close and similar masses, which characterize the quartz-bearing formations associated here to granite and gneiss. Our work highlights a main heavy gravity: Gwé-Batouri anomaly, containing the major part of auriferous deposits located along the NE-SW direction. Further, three tectonic sub-basins bounded by normal faults have been highlighted at Guedal, Gwé, and Bélimban, in the south of Guedal-Bélimban depression. They are associated with the extension tectonics, more or less vertical tangential cuts and accidents that have affected the r

关键词： Gravity Anomaly SE-Cameroon Polynomial Technique Spectral Analysis 2.5D Modelling Gold Mineralization Batouri Area

Determination of the Root Canal Length of Teeth of Bantu Patients Attending the Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第1期8卷 16-23页

作者： jean Marie Kayembe Bukama jean Paul Sekele Issourdi Fidele Nyimi Bushabu augustin Mantshumba Milolo Steve Sekele Masin M. A. Agbor Dieudonne Nyembue Tshipukana Alain Nyengele Kayembe Hubert Ntumba Mulumba Endodontic Unit Service of Operative Dentistry Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Prosthodontics Services Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Oral Maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Universite des Montagne Dental School Bangangté Cameroon Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: There is paucity of literature on the determination of the root canal length of Bantu subjects in dental professional practicing in Africa and Democratic Republic of Congo in particular. Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the root canal length of teeth of Bantu patients extracts attending the Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa University. Methods and Material: Prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the service of Conservative Dentistry. The patients suffering with pulpitis of permanent teeth which were selected for root canal treatment during the period of January 2014 to December 2016 were included. All patients whose main root canals were inaccessible, teeth carrying prosthesis, teeth with large coronal decay, teeth having periapical periodontitis, supernumerary teeth, wisdom and primary teeth were excluded. Results: The upper canines presented some significant longer canals compared to the lower canine (23.4 ± 2.3 mm and 21.6 ± 1.8 mm). Palatal canals of the first and second molar were respectively longer as compared to the superior teeth canals (21.5 ± 1 mm, 21.3 ± 2 mm). The distal canals of the first and second molar were the longest in the mandibular arch respectively measuring 20.7 ± 2.0 mm and 21.5 ± 1.7 mm. Conclusion: Data obtained from Bantu patients show slightly shorter roots compared to some European populations, but longer than some Asian populations.

关键词： Bantu Length Root Canal X-Ray

Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Care Providers and the Population about Rabies in Sokone Health District, Senegal

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第4期10卷 63-71页

作者： Khadim Niang jean A. D. tine Ahmadou B. Ndao Fatoumata B. Diongue Amadou I. Diallo Adama Faye Papa Ndiaye Anta Tal-Dia Public Health Department Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Institut de Santé et Développement Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Chief Medical Officer of Sokone Health District Fatick Region Senegal

Rabies is still a deadly disease, but it is 100% preventable through vaccination. In 2016, Senegal notified 1214 cases of dog bites. In the same year, the district of Sokone recorded 50 cases of dog bites, of which 31.2% of the cases were notified in the region of Fatick. The objective of this study is to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities and healthcare providers when faced with a case of exposure to rabies in Sokone health district. This quantitative estimation study is of a descriptive cross-sectional type, which took place during the third quarter of 2017. It targeted the community and health care providers in the Sokone health district. Three-stage cluster sampling was carried out in the community. The recruitment of healthcare providers has been comprehensive. A questionnaire was administered to the community in the form of individual interviews and another questionnaire was sent to health care providers in the form of self-administration. Knowledge, attitude and practice rating grids were developed for the two categories of interviewees. Data entry and analysis was done with Epi Info 3.5.3 software and R 3.3.1. Out of 813 community members surveyed, 6.8% had already been bitten by an animal. A good level of knowledge about rabies was found in 22.4% of the community members. The attitude to a bite was correct for 94.1%. Of the 38 healthcare providers surveyed, only 5.6% had a good understanding of rabies. No provider knew the indications for rabies vaccination and the post-exposure vaccination schedule. In the Sokone health district, communities knew little about rabies. Healthcare providers who are supposed to inform and supervise them in the fight against rabies know less about it. Strengthening the skills of healthcare staff in dealing with bites exposing them to rabies is of urgency in the Sokone health district.

关键词： Rabies Zoonosis Neglected Tropical Disease Bites Senegal

Profile of Aggressive and Chronic Periodontitis in Kinshasa Dental Hospitals, DR Congo

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2017年第10期7卷 439-447页

作者： Em Kalala Kazadi Steve Sekele Masin Nyimi Bushabu Fidele Isourady Bourley jean Paul Sekele Jacques Bolenge augustin Mantshumba Ingaya Ediz Ekofo Mulumba Hubert Ntumba Unit of Oral Periodontics Surgery Stomatology Service Affiliated Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa DR Congo Informatics and Mathematics Department Faculty of Sciences Kinshasa University Kinshasa DR Congo Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa DR Congo Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China Prosthodontics and Orthodontics Service Affiliated Hospital of Kinshasa University Kinshasa DR Congo

Periodontitis is a prevalent destructive gum disease, characterized by loss of tissues supporting the teeth. The two main forms, chronic and aggressive have not been assessed in Kinshasa, DR Congo. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the Prevalence and the pattern of chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AP) in order to improve its management. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of 404 subjects attending the dental services of the four hospitals of Kinshasa city, from October 2013 to April 2014 was carried out. The plaque index (PlI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and frequency of tooth brushing (FTB) were the parameters assessed. The SPSS software version 20.0 was used. Results: Out of 404 patients examined, 322 (79.7%) had chronic periodontitis versus to 44 (10.9%) of aggressive periodontitis. The female was higher than males with a sex ratio of 1.49:1 and the age group between 20 and 29 was the most represented. PPP of ≥6 mm was found in 24.6%, 5 or 5.5 mm in 27.3% and PPP of 3.5 to 4.5 mm in 48.1% of patients with periodontitis. Significant difference was found between CP and AP according to age variable, p-value < 0.001. PlI for CP was 0.97 (SD ± 0.38) while that for AP was 0.90 (SD ± 0.43). No significant differences were found between PlI, p-value = 0.47;FTB (p = 0.055) and BOP of subjects with AP and those with CP (p = 0.105). Conclusion: The two main forms of periodontitis diseases are more prevalent in patients attending dental services in Kinshasa and affect male as well as female. Age remains an essential variable to distinguish between CP and AP.

关键词： Prevalence Profile Aggressive Periodontitis Chronic Periodontitis Probing Pocket Depth

Epidemiological Profile of Pet Bites and Rabies Cases from 2005-2015: Case of the City of Lubumbashi in the DRC

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2022年第3期12卷 19-26页

作者： Nathalie Nseya André Ngombe Kaseba Charles Muhadila jean Claude Mbang Claude Yav Ghislain Kikunda augustin Mutombo Mulangu Philippe Mulenga Cilundika Oscar Luboya Numbi Eric Mukomena Sompwe Ministry of Public Health Hygiene and Prevention Vaccinogenic Office of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo Schoolof Public Health University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo Higher Institute of Agronomic and Veterinary Studies of Sandoa Kolwezi Democratic Republic of the Congo University of Lubumbashi Faculty of Medicine Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Rabies, a neglected disease, could be grossly underreported in the DRC;in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis, the WHO estimates that this disease would cause 327,000 deaths per year in Africa and Asia. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiological profile of this zoonosis in order to encourage decision-makers to develop national strategies for its elimination. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data collection was done retrospectively and in total6 420 victims of bites received during the period between January 2005 and December 2015 at the anti-rabies center in Lubumbashi were included in this work. Excel 13 software and Epi info 3.3.4 were used for data analysis and interpretation. Results: People over the age of 15 are the main victims of canine bites (62.1%), more than half of the victims are male (55.9%);dogs represent the majority of biting animals (96.4%) of which around 3/4 are unvaccinated (71.37%). Two municipalities are more affected: Lubumbashi (prevalence 83.35/100,000 and Kampemba (Prevalence 51.74/100,000). LBite peaks were observed from July to October (p = 0.01). For the 34 people seen with clinical signs of rabies encephalitis (confirmed case of rabies), the case fatality rate was 100%. Conclusion: Rabies is a major problem in Lubumbashi but its extent is different depending on the municipality. The dog is the main biting animal and the vaccination coverage of dogs remains very low. Access to rabies vaccine for bite victims is difficult. Its elimination remains possible through the implementation of an extensive canine vaccination program, the awareness of owners and the large-scale provision of post-exposure prophylaxis.

关键词： Epidemiology Bites Rabies Lubumbashi

Assessment of HRP2-Based RDT in Diagnosing Malaria Cases

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第6期6卷 602-607页

作者： Yemou Dieng Doudou Sow Therese Dieng Abdourahmane Sow Babacar Faye jean Louis Ndiaye Daouda Ndiaye Roger Cl6ment tine Khadime Sylla Oumar Faye Oumar Ndir Oumar Gaye Department of Parasitology-Mycology Dakar Universite Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Fann 5005 Senegal Department of Parasitology-Mycology Dakar Centre HospitaIier Universitaire National de Farm Dakar 5035 Senegal

Background： HRP2-based Rapid Diagnostic Tests （RDTs） for malaria ensure a rational use of artemisinin-based combination therapy （ACT）. The HRP2 antigen can go through the cerebrospinal fluid （CSF）. Purpose： To assess the HRP2-based RDT in malaria and detect the HRP2 in CSF. Methods： From November 2006 to May 2007, all patients under 15 years showing clinical symptoms of malaria were included. RDT was performed on the CSF and peripheral blood. Results： Out of the 951 patients included, 131 （13.7%） were confirmed through RDT and 130 （13.6%） through thick blood smear. Sensitivity and specificity stood at 96.96% and 99.71% respectively, for uncomplicated cases and at 100% and 99.13% for severe cases. Tests to detect HRP2 in the CSF of 52 cases were negative. Conclusion： Tests to detect HRP2 in the CSF could make it possible to diagnose severe malaria cases when peripheral parasitemia would be below the detection threshold.

关键词： Malaria rapid diagnostic test paediatrics HRP2 antigen cerebrospinal fluid

Synthesis,Urease Inhibition and Molecular Modelling Studies of Novel Derivatives of the Naturally Occurring b-Amyrenone

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2019年第1期9卷 49-59页

作者： jean J.K.Bankeu Hira Sattar Yannick S.F.Fongang Syeda W.Muhammadi Conrad V.Simoben Fidele Ntie-Kang Guy R.T.Feuya Marthe A.T.Tchuenmogne Mehreen Lateef Bruno N.Lenta Muhammad S.Ali augustin S.Ngouela Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceThe University of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliCameroon International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 55MarouaCameroon Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Martin-Luther University of Halle-WittenbergWolfgang-Langenbeck-Str.406120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceScientific and Technical University of MasukuBox 943FrancevilleGabon Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde´IP.O.Box 812Yaounde´Cameroon Multi-Disciplinary Research Laboratory(MDRL) Bahria University Medical and Dental CollegeBahria UniversityKarachiPakistan Department of Chemistry Higher Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of Yaounde´IP.O.Box 47Yaounde´Cameroon

Urease enzyme(UE)has been reported to be a potent virulence factor for Helicobacter pylori(HP)bacteria indicated to be responsible for various gastrointestinal ***,the spread of HP,currently regarded by the World Health Organization as a class 1 carcinogen,could be better controlled by targeting *** is in this line that we have synthesized three new derivatives(2–4)of the naturally occurring olean-12-en-3-one(1),which was previously isolated from the figs of Ficus vallis-choudae Delile(Moraceae).Among the synthesized compounds,3 and 4 contain an indole *** structures were unambiguously assigned by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques(1D-NMR,2D-NMR and MS).The starting material and the synthesized compounds were screened for UE inhibition activity,and showed significant activities with IC50 values ranging from 14.5 to 24.6 lM,with compound(1)being the most potent as compared to the positive control thiourea(IC50=21.6 lM).Amongst the synthetic derivatives,compound 4 was the most potent(IC50-=17.9 lM),while the others showed activities close to that of the *** addition,molecular docking study of target compounds 2–4 was performed in an attempt to explore their binding mode for the design of more potent UE inhibitors.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urease inhibition Docking Olean-12-en-3-one derivatives

Eating Habits among Lithiasic Patients in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第6期11卷 200-213页

作者： Pablo Kuntima Diasiama Diangienda Dieudonné Molamba Moningo Alain Ngoma Mayindu jean-Robert Rissasy Makulo Ernest Kiswaya Sumaili Eric Musalu Mafuta Mathieu Nkumu Loposso augustin M. L. Punga-Maole Simon Lwa Nkandi Lufuma jean-Philippe Haymann Michel Daudon Department of Urology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Clinical Biology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Nephrology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Functional Investigations Tenon Hospital Paris France

Introduction: Worldwide, the incidence of kidney stones has been progressively increasing. Various factors can influence the risk of stone formation, including lifestyle and eating habits. The dietary investigation is a standard of care in patients with urolithiasis. The objectives of this study were to determine the dietary habits of lithiasis patients in the city of Kinshasa and to investigate the association between dietary habits and the composition of the stones. Material and Methods: From January 2017 to September 2019, 85 patients attending 8 hospitals participated in the nutrition survey. Various foods commonly consumed in the Democratic Republic of Congo were categorized based on their composition: foods rich in animal proteins, foods rich in calcium, foods high in sugar, foods high in oxalate, and various vegetables and fruits. We also investigated daily water intake. The composition of the collected stones was analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry. Results: The mean (SD) age of patients was 47.1 (14.0) years, 63.5% of patients were males, 75.3% of the patients had stones located in the upper urinary tract, and 7.1% were undernourished. Most of patients consumed vegetables (77.6%), animal proteins (62.4%), and foods rich in oxalate (58.8%). The daily water intake was less than 1500 mL in more than half of the patients (68.2%). Major anhydrous uric acid stones were associated with a high body mass index (p = 0.025). Male patients with a high oxalate diet had more calcium oxalate stones (64.3%) compared to other types of stones (p = 0.041). Conclusion: High consumptions of vegetables and low water intake were linked to the formation of calcium oxalate monohydrate stones. More data are needed to confirm these findings.

关键词： Urolithiasis Dietary Abnormality Insufficient Diuresis Chemical Composition