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Mobility of Major and Trace Elements during the Bauxitization Processes in Ngaoundal Area (Adamawa Cameroon): Implication on Mining Perspectives

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 81-100页

作者： André Sini Harouna Boukari Ondoa augustin Désiré Balla Djetenbe Beral Salomon Wangmené Awé Simon Djakba Basga jean Pierre Nguetnkam Department of Mining Engineering School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mining Engineering and Environment School of Mining Industry and Geology University of Abdou-Moumouni Niamey Niger Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mining Engineering Saint Jerome Polytechnic Saint Jerome Catholic University Institute of Douala Douala Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Garoua Cameroon

This study was focused to assess major and trace elements in bauxitic duricrusts from Ngaoundal and its surroundings in order to establish their mining interest. To this end, fieldworks, mineralogical and geochemical analyses were carried out. Four facies of duricrust were identified and characterized from the summit to the top of the slope of the Ngaoundal mountain: scoriaceous, pisolitic, nodular and massive. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses performed on 16 samples, revealed a significant concentration of Al2O3 mainly in the scoriaceous facies (over 45% in grade), moderate in Fe2O3 (averaging 23.69%) and SiO2 (averaging 21.7%). Trace elements were generally low, excluding Cr (421 ppm on average), Zr (327 ppm on average and V (213 ppm on average). In addition, the limited quantities of alkalis (Na2O, K2O) and alkaline earths metals (MgO, CaO) coupled with the very high values of Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and Mineralogical Index of Alteration (MIA), (more than 99%) attest to the intense weathering of the studied materials. Allitization and monosiallitization constituted the crystallochemical phenomena that have led to the development of bauxitic minerals. More than 90% of gibbsite in scoriaceous facies, 52.21% - 76.01% of kaolinite in pisolitic facies and more than 40% of hematite in nodular facies were quantified. The relationships between the constitutive components indicated their interdependency during the bauxitization phenomenon. The mineralogical and geochemical properties highlighted the mining interest of the studied duricrusts to be valorized.

关键词： Duricrust Bauxitization Phenomenon Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization Major and Trace Elements Mining Potential

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Prevalence of Dyslipidemia among Patients Received at the Biochemistry Unit of the Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital in Ouagadougou

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 16-26页

作者： Fabienne Marie Soudre Arnaud Kouraogo Alice Kiba Ollo Da Mahutin Benoîte Hounhoui Diema Nadia Karama Seraphine Mano Denis Claude Drabo augustin Kyetega Raoul Karfo Elie Kabre jean Sakande Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Institute Nazi BONI University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Biochemistry Unit Sourou Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health Sciences Saint Thomas d’Aquin University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Agency for Environmental Food Labor and Health Product Safety Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease represents a major public health burden worldwide. Research and management of risk factors contribute to the prevention of these diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the biochemistry unit of the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. Patients of all ages who performed a lipid panel in the CHUP-CDG biochemistry unit during the study period have been included. Results: A total of 2872 patients have been included. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 19.51 years and the M/F sex ratio was 0.81. Among the patients, 22.84% had at least one dyslipidemia. The prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia were 11.57%, 49.19% and 57.50% respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were present in 9.04% and 2.08% of patients. Hypercholesterolemia was significantly more frequent in the female sex (p = 0.0077);hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (p = 0.0255) and mixed hyperlipidemia (p Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the study indicates a worrying situation. It would therefore appear essential to extend the search for risk factors nationwide, particularly those that can be modified, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality linked to cardiovascular disease.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Lipid Profile Lipid Abnormalities Prevalence Burkina Faso

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The Essential Oil of Ocimum americanum from Senegal and Gambia as a Source of Methyleugenol for the Control of Bactrocera dorsalis, Fruit Fly

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 133-141页

作者： Yoro tine Antonio Alain Coffi Sinzogan Ousmane Ndiaye Cebastiana Sambou Alioune Diallo Ismaila Mbenga Kemo Badji El Hadji Omar Dieng Assa Balayara jeanne Diatta Cheikhouna Gaye Julien Paolini jean Costa Alassane Wele Saliou Ngom Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques Universite d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture (ENSA) Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal Direction de la Protection des Végétaux Rufisque Sénégal Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels Université de Corse Corte France National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) Sere Kunda Gambia Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Dakar Sénégal

The fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests in all mango-producing areas, particularly in West Africa. In Senegal, O. americanum leaves have been used for several years to control this fly. However, to our knowledge, no chemical studies have been carried out. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of O. americanum leaves collected in Senegal and Gambia. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of these leaves is analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Yields of essential oils from O. americanum leaves are 3.84% and 2.13%, respectively. Analysis of these essential oils by GC/FID and GC/MS allowed the identification of 23 compounds representing almost 100% of the total compositions. These essential oils are mainly dominated by methyleugenol (72.0% and 75.8%, respectively). Other components in significant percent are trans-β-caryophyllene (13.9% and 13.0%, respectively), germacrene D (4.1% and 3.7%, respectively), β-elemene (3.3% and 0.9%, respectively). Due to the high methyleugenol content, this study explains the attractive potential of O. americanum towards B. dorsalis. In perspective, we plan to evaluate the attractive effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of O. americanum against B. dorsalis, a real pest of mango orchards in Senegal.

关键词： Ocimum americanum Essential Oils Methyleugenol Bactrocera dorsalis GC/MS

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Contribution to the Study of the Incidence of Post-Streptococcal Complications in Republic Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 110-121页

作者： Zéphirin Dalengat Vogbia Ernest Lango Yaya jean De Dieu Longo augustin Balekouzou Gaspard Tekpa Christian Maucler Pamaticka Stéphanie Judith N’Yetobouko Maurel Anicet Adonis Ouoko Fatigbia Christian Diamant Mossoro Kpindet Gérard Gresenguet Epidemiology and Research Service National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Direction of National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Training Project Manager and Heald of Public Departement Ministry of Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences Doctoral School of Human and Veterinary Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic National Committee for the Fight against AIDS Primature Bangui Central African Republic Infectious Disease Department The Sino Central African Friendship University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic Epidemiology Department Bangui National University Hospital Center Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Acute rheumatic fever (AAR) is a non-suppurative complication of late infection by group A. Infections due to streptococci remain a public health problem in the Central African Republic. The present study aims to determine the incidence rate of AAR cases and its complications. Methodology: This was a retrospective and analytical study over a period of 4 years (from January 2015 to December 2018) at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (LNBCSP) in Bangui. It focused on samples concerning the diagnosis of AAR and patient files seen in consultation in the capital’s reference health establishments. Laboratory registers and patient consultation files were used to collect data. They were entered into Excel 2010 to be analyzed with Epi Info 7. A univariate analysis by logistic regression, Ficher’s exact test, and chi2 at the 5% threshold (p Results: We analyzed 94 cases meeting Jones’s criteria. The ages of the patients ranged from 18 to 85 years (mean age 52 years and mode 45 years). The incidence rate of AAR for the female sex was higher than that of the male sex during the study period (p > 0.05). It went from 166.6 in 2015 to 200 in 2016 and 2018 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year. The average incidence rate was 296.18 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year. The average incidence rate was 223.5 cases of AAR per 1000 people per year for joint damage. Joint damage represented 80.85% (RR = 0.62;Chi2 = 4.88;95% CI [0.39-0.97];p Conclusion: The study allowed data on the impact rate and complications of the AAR in Bangui. Special attention to data management will help produce a complete result on the problem. Joint complications predominated. Sustaining an effective surveillance system and preventing infection would help reduce the risk of AAR occurrence.

关键词： Incidence Acute Joint Rheumatism Central African Republic

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Analysis of the Effect of Dietary Diversity on Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age in Senegal

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2019年第10期9卷 115-125页

作者： tine jean augustin Diegane Faye Adama Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health of the Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) Institut de Sante et Developpement (ISED) UCAD Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Anemia in women of reproductive age is a common health problem in Senegal. The objective of this research was to study the contribution of dietary diversity in the fight against anemia in women of reproductive age in two regions of Senegal using the propensity score method. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional and analytical study of women of reproductive age and their households was conducted in the Kolda and Kedougou regions in 2015. This was a three-stage random sample survey. The data was collected during an individual interview. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify the risk factor for this anemia. Results: In this study, 1926 women of reproductive age were surveyed. The average age of women of reproductive age surveyed was 27.2 years with a standard deviation of 7.6 years. The median age was 26 years old. Married women were in the majority. Pregnant and lactating women were 43.8%. The percentage of women with adequate diets was 31.5%. The proportion of women with anemia was 51.8%, or 998 women of reproductive age. Adequate dietary diversity is the main factor associated with anemia in these women (OR = 0.75 (0.59 - 0.96)). Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age is still high in the southern regions of Senegal. To combat this phenomenon, it is therefore necessary to intensify interventions on the balance of diet, iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant and lactating women and to strengthen the empowerment of women.

关键词： Anemia Dietary Diversity Woman Senegal

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Topological to trivial insulating phase transition in stanene

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 774-778页

作者： Michel Houssa Bas van den Broek Konstantina Iordanidou Anh Khoa augustin Lu Geoffrey Pourtois jean-Pierre Locquet Valery Afanas'ev Andre Stesmans Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D B-3001 Leuven Belgium imec 75 Kapeldreef B-3001 Leuven Belgium

Electronic properties of stanene, the Sn counterpart of graphene are theoretically studied using first-principles simulations. The topological to trivial insulating phase transition induced by an out-of-plane electric field or by quantum confinement effects is predicted. The results highlight the potential to use stanene nanoribbons in gate-voltage controlled dissipationless spin-based devices and are used to set the minimal nanoribbon width for such devices, which is typically approximately 5 nm.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D)materials topological insulators density functional theory(DFT) simulations electronic structure

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Factors Associated with the Use of Cervical Cancer Screening in the Mbour Health District (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第4期10卷 604-614页

作者： Niang Khadim tine jean augustin Diegane Thiam Ousmane Ly Toly Diongue Fatoumata Bintou Diallo Amadou Ibra Faye Adama Ndiaye Papa Public Health Department Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Institut de Santé et Développement Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Mbour Department Hospital Thies Senegal

Cervical cancer with an estimated incidence between 1700 and 2000 new cases per year and mortality around 70% to 80% has become the leading cancer in Senegal. The objectives of this present work were to study the factors associated with cervical cancer screening in the Mbour health district in 2015. It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out on a sample of 599 women chosen according to a two-stage survey. The survey used a questionnaire where data on individual characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices are collected during an individual interview after informed consent. The data collected were entered in the Epi Info 3.5.3 software and analyzed with the R 3.1.2 software. The average age was 44.4 years with a standard deviation of 8.9. The proportion of women screened for cervical cancer was 19.4%. Screening for cervical cancer was positively related to the possession of an income-generating activity (Adjusted OR = 2.39 [1.4 - 4.2]), increase of education and knowledge of a person suffering from cancer in the environment (adjusted OR = 2.40 [1.3 - 4.2]). Knowledge of the methods of diagnosis of cervical cancer was positively associated with cervical cancer screening (adjusted OR = 20 [11.1 - 33.3]). The lack of awareness and the lack of financial resources and education for women were the main obstacles to cervical cancer screening for women in Mbour. The health system should focus on building the capacity of women to fight cervical cancer.

关键词： Cancer Cervix Screening Women Senegal

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Spatial distribution and impacts of climate change on Milicia excelsa in Benin,West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 143-150页

作者： Sunday Berlioz Kakpo augustin Kossi Nounangnon Aoudji Denis Gnanguènon-Guéssè Alain Jaures Gbètoho Kourouma Koura Géoff roy Kévin Djotan jean Cossi Ganglo Laboratory of Forest Sciences Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBP 1493 Abomey-CalaviBenin

African teak(Milicia excelsa(Welw.)***)is an endangered multi-use *** the impact of climate change on the distribution of this species may improve the ability to anticipate or recognize its decline or expansion and to take appropriate conservation measures if *** niche modeling was projected in geographical space to study the current and future distribution of *** in Bé*** was used to estimate the potential geographic distribution of the species under two Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP).Miroc 5 summaries and two RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios were used as predictor variables for projections of the geographic potential of this *** performance of the model was assessed by the area under the curve(AUC),true skill statistics(TSS)and partial receiver operating characteristics(Partial ROC).From the results,*** was more a secondary species in the Guinean climatic zone and part of the Sudanian-Guinean and Sudanian climatic *** projections show a signifi cant decrease in suitable habitats for the species from the two RCP *** a part of the Guinean climatic zone remained suitable and few protected areas will conserve in situ *** the sustainable conservation of ***,it is essential to strengthen the protection of sacred forests located in the Guinean climatic zone.

关键词： Ecological niche modeling Climate change Milicia excelsa Benin West Africa

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Variational Calculation of the Doubly-Excited States Nsnp of He-Like Ions via the Modified Atomic Orbitals Theory

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Journal of Modern Physics 2021年第2期12卷 105-121页

作者： Abdourahmane Diallo Ibrahima Sakho jean Kouhissoré Badiane Mamadou Diouldé Ba Modou tine Department of Physics UFR Sciences and Technologies University Assane Seck of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Department of Physics and Chemistry UFR Sciences and Technologies University of Thiès Thiès Senegal

In this paper, we have declined the formalism of the method of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT) applied to the calculations of energies of doubly excited states 2snp, 3snp, and 4snp Helium-like systems. Then we also applied the variational procedure of the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory to the computations of total energies, excitation energies of doubly-excited states 2snp, 3snp, 4snp types of Helium-like systems. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical values available.

关键词： Modified Atomic Orbital Theory Doubly Excited States Excitation Energy Helium-Like Systems

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Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae) Leaves, Fruits’ Pulp, and Barks of Stem and Root Phytochemicals Contents and Their Antioxidant Activities

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第4期10卷 48-62页

作者： Ange-Mariette Touré Tagouèlbè Tiho N’guessan jean-Claude Yao Amissa augustin Adima Department of Water Forests and Environment National Polytechnic Institute Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Resources National Polytechnic Institute Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Industrial Processes Synthesis Environment and New Energies National Polytechnic Institute Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

More and more Parkia biglobosa plants’ stem barks, and roots are collected for traditional medicine uses. This work aimed to quantify Parkia biglobosa plant parts total polyphenols, total flavonoids contents and their antioxidant activities. The hypothesis was that the plant parts would have different phytochemical contents. So, leaves, stem barks, root barks and mature fruit pulp were collected. Alongside the leaves, the stem and root barks were sliced, air-dried at room temperature for 30 days. Thereafter, the samples were crushed and sieved. Following this, the powders were extracted with distilled water by maceration and decoction. As a result, the decoction was more efficient than the maceration. Leaves had the highest total polyphenol content (14.68), followed by stem barks (11.69), and root barks (9.09 ± 0.43 mg GAE/g) (0.0001 ≤ p ≤ 0.0002). However, for total flavonoid contents, the stem barks were better than the other parts. Indeed, stem barks delivered 0.74 and were followed by leaves for 0.6, and root bark for 0.49 ± 0.02 mg EQ/g (0.0001 ≤ p ≤ 0.0169). Finally, the antioxidant activities were 3.07 and 2.86 ± 0.1 μmol T.E/g, respectively for stem bark, and leaves (p = 0.0532). In conclusion, there is no need to debark the stems, because, in decoction, leaves and stem barks would have the same efficacy.

关键词： Parkia biglobosa Total Polyphenols Total Flavonoids Antioxidant Activity

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