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Human neural stem cells promote proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and enhance angiogenesis in ischemic rat brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 298-304页

作者： Sun ryu Seung-Hoon Lee Seung U.Kim Byung-Woo Yoon Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University Medical Research Center Seoul National University Medical Research Institute Chung-Ang University School of Medicine Department of Neurology UBC Hospital University of British Columbia

Transplantation of human neural stem cells into the dentate gyrus or ventricle of rodents has been reportedly to enhance neurogenesis. In this study, we examined endogenous stem cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the ischemic rat brain after the transplantation of human neural stem cells. Focal cerebral ischemia in the rat brain was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Human neural stem cells were transplanted into the subventricular zone. The behavioral performance of human neural stem cells-treated ischemic rats was significantly improved and cerebral infarct volumes were reduced compared to those in untreated animals. Numerous transplanted human neural stem cells were alive and preferentially localized to the ipsilateral ischemic hemisphere. Furthermore, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-labeled endogenous neural stem cells were observed in the subventricular zone and hippocampus, where they differentiated into cells immunoreactive for the neural markers doublecortin, neuronal nuclear antigen Neu N, and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein in human neural stem cells-treated rats, but not in the untreated ischemic animals. The number of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-positive ？ anti-von Willebrand factor-positive proliferating endothelial cells was higher in the ischemic boundary zone of human neural stem cells-treated rats than in controls. Finally, transplantation of human neural stem cells in the brains of rats with focal cerebral ischemia promoted the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and their differentiation into mature neural-like cells, and enhanced angiogenesis. This study provides valuable insights into the effect of human neural stem cell transplantation on focal cerebral ischemia, which can be applied to the development of an effective therapy for stroke.

关键词： nerve regeneration focal cerebral ischemia middle cerebral artery occlusion human neural stem cells transplantation differentiation infarct size behavioral analysis endogenous neurogenesis angiogenesis rats neural regeneration

Three cases of jejunal tumors detected by standard upper gastrointestinal endoscopy:A case series

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 962-971页

作者： Jaesun Lee Sunmoon Kim Daesung Kim Sangeok Lee Kihyun ryu Department of Gastroenterology Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research InstituteDaejeon 35365South Korea Department of Surgery Konyang University HospitalKonyang University College of MedicineDaejeon 35365South Korea

BACKGROUND In patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding,re-examination with standard upper endoscopes by experienced physicians will identify culprit lesions in a substantial proportion of patients.A common practice is to insert an adult-sized forward-viewing endoscope into the second part of the *** the endoscope tip enters after the papilla,which is a marker for the descending part of the duodenum,it is difficult to endoscopically judge how far the duodenum has been traversed beyond the second *** SUMMARY We experienced three cases of proximal jejunal masses that were diagnosed by standard upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and confirmed with *** patients visited the hospital with a history of melena;during the initial upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy,the bleeding site was not *** gastrointestinal bleeding was suspected;thus,according to guidelines,upper endoscopy was performed again.A hemorrhagic mass was discovered in the small *** lesion of the first patient was thought to be located in the duodenum when considering the general insertion depth of a typical upper gastrointestinal endoscope;however,during surgery,it was confirmed that it was in the *** the first case,lesions in the second and third patients were detected at the jejunum by inserting the standard upper endoscope as deep as *** The deep insertion of standard endoscopes is useful for the diagnosis of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

关键词： Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding jejunal neoplasm Case report

Improving Application Launch Performance on Solid State Drives

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第4期27卷 727-743页

作者： Yongsoo Joo Junhee ryu Sangsoo Park Kang G.Shin Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University IEEE Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan

Application launch performance is of great importance to system platform developers and vendors as it greatly affects the degree of users＇ satisfaction. The single most effective way to improve application launch performance is to replace a hard disk drive （HDD） with a solid state drive （SSD）, which has recently become affordable and popular. A natural question is then whether or not to replace the traditional HDD-aware application launchers with a new SSD-aware optimizer. We address this question by analyzing the inefficiency of the HDD-aware application launchers on SSDs and then proposing a new SSD-aware application prefetching scheme, called the Fast Application STarter （FAST）. The key idea of FAST is to overlap the computation （CPU） time with the SSD access （I/O） time during an application launch. FAST is composed of a set of user-level components and system debugging tools provided by Linux OS （operating system）. Hence, FAST can be easily deployed in any recent Linux versions without kernel recompilation. We implement FAST on a desktop PC with an SSD running Linux 2.6.32 OS and evaluate it by launching a set of widely-used applications, demonstrating an average of 28% reduction of application launch time as compared to PC without a prefetcher.

关键词： application launch performance I/O prefetch solid state drive

Plant-based,adjuvant-free,potent multivalent vaccines for avian influenza virus via Lactococcus surface display

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第8期63卷 1505-1520页

作者： Shi-Jian Song Gyeong-Im Shin Jinyong Noh Jiho Lee Deok-Hwan Kim Gyeongryul ryu Gyeongik Ahn Hyungmin jeon Hai-Ping Diao Youngmin Park Min Gab Kim Woe-Yeon Kim Young-Jin Kim Eun-Ju Sohn Chang Seon Song Inhwan hwang Department of Life Science Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang37673 Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju660-701 Korea KCAV Inc. Gwangjin-gu05029 Korea Avian Disease Laboratory College of Veterinary MedicineKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029 Korea Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 PLUS) Institute of Agriculture&Life SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinju52828 Korea Bioapp Inc.Pohang Technopark ComplexPohang37668 Korea

Influenza epidemics frequently and unpredictably break out all over the world,and seriously affect the breeding industry and human *** and live attenuated viruses have been used as protective vaccines but exhibit high risks for *** vaccines enjoy high biosafety and specificity but have a few weak points compared to inactivated virus or live attenuated virus vaccines,especially in low *** this study,we developed a new subunit vaccine platform for a potent,adjuvant-free,and multivalent *** ectodomains of hemagglutinins(HAs)of influenza viruses were expressed in plants as trimers(tHAs)to mimic their native *** in plant extracts were directly used without purification for binding to inactivated Lactococcus(iLact)to produce iLact-tHAs,an antigen-carrying bacteria-like particle(BLP).tHAs BLP showed strong immune responses in mice and chickens without ***,simultaneous injection of two different antigens by two different formulas,t^(HAH5N6+H9N2) BLP or a combination of t^(HAH5N6) BLP and t^(HAH9N2) BLP,led to strong immune responses to both *** on these results,we propose combinations of plant-based antigen production and BLP-based delivery as a highly potent and cost-effective platform for multivalent vaccination for subunit vaccines.

关键词： bacteria-like particle(BLP) H5N6 H9N2 Lactococcus lactis multi-valent vaccine plant-based vaccine trimeric HA

Effect of SMAD7 gene overexpression on TGF-β1-induced profibrotic responses in fibroblasts derived from Peyronie＇s plaque

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 487-492页

作者： Min Ji Choi Kang-Moon Song Jin-Mi Park Mi-Hye Kwon Ki-Dong Kwon Soo-Hwan Park Dong-Soo ryu Ji-Kan ryu Jun-Kyu Suh Department of Urology National Research Center for Sexual Medicine Inha University School of Medicine Incheon 400-711 Korea Department of Urology Changwon Samsung Medical Center Changwon 630-522 Korea Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences Inha University School of Medicine Incheon 400-711 Korea

Transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） has been identified as one of the most important fibrogenic cytokines associated with Peyronie＇s disease （PD）. The mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 （SMAD7） is an inhibitory Smad protein that blocks TGF-J3 signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-fibrotic effect of the SMAD7 gene in primary fibroblasts derived from human PD plaques. PD fibroblasts were pretreated with the SMAD7 gene and then stimulated with TGF-β1. Treated fibroblasts were used for Western blotting, fluorescent immunocytochemistry, hydroxyproline determination, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assays. Overexpression of the SMAD7 gene inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and quashed TGF-β1-induced production of extracellular matrix protein and hydroxyproline. Overexpression of the SMAD7 gene decreased the expression of cyclin D1 （a positive cell cycle regulator） and induced the expression of poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase 1, which is known to terminate Smad-mediated transcription, in PD fibroblasts. These findings suggest that the blocking of the TGF-β pathway by use of SMAD7 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PD.

关键词： cell culture decapentaplegic homolog 7 fibrosis Peyronie's disease transforming growth factor-beta

Consumer choices under new payment methods

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 2238-2259页

作者： Jaemin Son Mehmet Huseyin Bilgin Doojin ryu College of Confucian Studies and Eastern Philosophy Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Faculty of Political Sciences Istanbul Medeniyet UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Economics Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul 03063Republic of Korea

This study suggests a payment portfolio model that includes new payment methods that have emerged from the development of cryptocurrency markets and central bank digital currencies(CBDCs).Our model analyzes the optimal payment choice for consumers under various macroeconomic *** determine that an individual economic agent chooses payment methods under specific conditions by incorporating policy interest rates on CBDCs and stablecoins used on cryptocurrency *** analyze the impacts of CBDCs and stablecoins on the choice of whether to use cash or *** also examine how the agent changes her portfolio compositions in response to exogenous macroeconomic *** a government replaces cash with a CBDC,the convenience of digital currency would not affect consumer *** higher the government’s interest rate on CBDCs,the more consumers will use CBDCs than deposits.

关键词： Central bank digital currency Cryptocurrency Payment portfolio model Stablecoin

Photosynthesis,Metabolite Composition and Anatomical Structure of Oryza sativa and Two Wild Relatives,*** and ***

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Rice science 2017年第4期24卷 218-227页

作者： Jwakyung SUNG Suyeon LEE Jong-Wook CHUNG Gerald EDWARDS Hojin ryu Taewan KIM National Institute of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration(RDA)WanjuJeollabu-do 55365Korea Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Korea School of Biological Science Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-4236USA Department of Biology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Korea Department of Plant Resources and Science and Institute of Ecological Phytochemistry Hankyung National UniversityAnseong 17579Korea

Photosynthesis, enzyme activities and metabolite pools associated with primary carbon metabolism in leaves were studied in O. grandiglumis and O. alta （wild relatives of rice which produce high biomass） versus O. sativa （a japonica cultivar and a indica-japonica hybrid） to assess their potential for identifying traits which might be utilized to enhance rice productivity. The wild relatives had higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, and higher water use efficiency than the O. sativa lines. There were no striking differences in activities of a number of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism between the wild relatives and cultivated rice lines. Along with higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, the leaves of the two wild species had higher nitrate content, higher levels of starch, glucose and fructose, and higher levels of organic acids （malate, succinate and acetate）, compared to the O. sativa lines. The results suggested that O. grandiglumis and O. alta have differences in physiology and primary metabolism which might be exploited to improve growth and productivity of cultivated rice.

关键词： carbohydrate photosynthesis rate nitrogen assimilation metabolite composition leaf rice wild relative

In-situ synthesis of TiC/Fe alloy composites with high strength and hardness by reactive sintering

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第8期34卷 1397-1404页

作者： Junho Lee Dongju Lee Myung Hoon Song Wonhyuk Rhee Ho Jin ryu Soon Hyung Hong Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon305-701Republic of Korea Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon305-701Republic of Korea Nuclear Materials Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute111 Daedeok-daero 989 Beon-gilYuseong-guDaejeon305-353Republic of Korea Daewha Alloytech Corporation 17-60Sanupdanji-gilMyeoncheon-myeonDangjin-siChungcheongnam-doRepublic of Korea

Fe alloy composites reinforced with in-situ titanium carbide （TIC） particles were fabricated by reactive sintering using different reactant C/Ti ratios of 0.8, 0.9, 1 and 1.1 to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties ofin-situ TiC/Fe alloy composites. The microstructure showed that the in-situ syn- thesized TiC particles were spherical with a size of 1-3 }~m, irrespective of C/Ti ratio. The stoichiometry of in-situ TiC increased from 0.85 to 0.88 with increasing C/Ti ratio from 0.8 to 0.9, but remained almost unchanged for C/Ti ratios between 0.9 and 1.1 due to the same driving force for carbon diffusion in TiCx at the common sintering temperature. The in-situ TiC/Fe alloy composite with C[Ti ~ 0.9 showed improved mechanical properties compared with other C/Ti ratios because the presence of excess carbon （C/Ti = 1 and 1.1） resulted in unreacted carbon within the Fe alloy matrix, while insufficient carbon （C/Ti = 0.8） caused the depletion of carbon from the Fe alloy matrix, leading to a significant decrease in hardness. This study presents that the maximized hardness and superior strength of in-situ TiC/Fe alloy composites can be achieved by microstructure control and stoichiometric analysis of the in-situ synthesized TiC par- ticles, while maintaining the ductility of the composites, compared to those of the unreinforced Fe alloy. Therefore, we anticipate that the in-situ synthesized TiC/Fe alloy composites with enhanced mechanical properties have great potential in cutting tool, mold and roller material applications.

关键词： Metal matrix composites Sintering Mechanical properties Microstructures

On von Neumann Regularity of Commutators

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 181-198页

作者： Nam Kyun Kim Tai Keun Kwak Yang Lee Sung Ju ryu Nanqing Ding School of Basic Sciences Hanbat National UniversityDaejeon 34158Korea Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityPocheon 11159Korea Department of Mathematics Yanbian UniversityYanjiJilin 133002China Institute for Applied Mathematics and Optics Hanbat National University Daejeon 34158Korea Department of Mathematics Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea 不详

We study the structure of rings which satisfy the von Neumann regularity of commutators,and call a ring R C-regularif ab-ba ∈(ab-ba)R(ab-ba)for all a,b in *** a C-regular ring R,we prove J(R[X])=N^(*)(R[X])=N^(*)(R)[X]=W(R)[X]■Z(R[X]),where J(A),N^(*)(A),W(A),Z(A)are the Jacobson radical,upper nilradical,Wedderburn radical,and center of a given ring A,respectively,and A[X]denotes the polynomial ring with a set X of commuting indeterminates over A;we also prove that R is semiprime if and only if the right(left)singular ideal of R is *** provide methods to construct C-regular rings which are neither commutative nor von Neumann regular,from any given ***,for a C-regular ring R,the following are proved to be equivalent:(i)R is Abelian;(ii)every prime factor ring of R is a duo domain;(ii)R is quasi-duo;and(iv)R/W(R)is reduced.

关键词： C-regular ring commutator regular ring commutative ring radical singular ideal