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Optical Transmittance and Band Gap of Ferroelectric BaTi2O5 Bulk Glass

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第12期25卷 4421-4424页

作者： javed ahmad Hidetoshi Minami Sher Alam Jianding Yu Yasutomo Arai Hiromoto Uwe Institute of Materials Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ISS Science Project Office 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan

Optical transmittance and reflectance on ferroelectric BaTi2O5 glasses prepared recently by a containerless synthesis technique are measured at room temperature in the wavelength range 190-800nm. The fundamental absorption edge located around 340nm demonstrates the coloudess and transparent character of the glass. The optical band gap of 3.32eV has been estimated. The tail of the optical absorption near the fundamental absorption edge is found to follow the Urbach rule. Our analysis of the experimental spectra supports an indirect allowed interband transition between the valence band formed by O-2p orbitals and the conduction band formed by Ti-3d orbitals.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

Effect of Zn doping on electronic structure and optical properties zincblende GaN(A DFT+U insight)

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第3期73卷 139-147页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Iqbal Khan Zarfishan Kanwal Masood Yousaf Hamid Ullah javed ahmad Abid Latif Yong-Han Shin Ata Ur Rahman Khalid Laboratory of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Department of PhysicsBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan(60800)Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Physics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationTownshipLahore54770Pakistan Multiscale Materials Modelling Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of UlsanUlsan44610Republic of Korea

The development of new materials,having exceptional properties in comparison to existing materials is highly required for bringing advancement in electronic and optoelectronic *** this fact,we investigated structural,electronic,and optical properties of zincblende GaN doped with selected Zn concentrations(6.25%,12.50%,and 18.70%),using the first-principle calculations based on density functional theory with GGA+*** conducted the entire study using the WIEN2K *** this study,we calculated various significant parametric quantities such as cohesive energies,formation energies,bulk moduli,and lattice constants along with the study of optical and electronic properties by substituting Ga atoms with Zn atoms in 1×2×2 *** structural stability is confirmed by studying the phonon dispersion curves which suggest that Zn:GaN material is stable against the 6.25%and 18.70%Zn concentrations while for 12.50%,it shows *** Hubbard values U=0,2,4,6 eV were added to GGA and the electronic properties were improved with the U=6 *** absorption was blue shifted while the refractive index and dielectric constant were increased with increasing the Zn *** properties are enhanced due to the prime contribution of cations(Zn)3ri *** optical and electronic properties are further discussed in detail in the entire study.

关键词： density functional theory(DFT) optoelectronics Ⅲ-Ⅴsemiconductors optical properties electronic properties structural properties

New Electronically-Controllable Lossless Synthetic Floating Inductance Circuit Using Single VDCC

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Circuits and Systems 2014年第1期5卷 13-17页

作者： Dinesh Prasad javed ahmad Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology Rohini New Delhi India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India

A new electronically-controllable lossless floating inductance (FI) circuit (without any matching condition) has been presented, which employs only one Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor (VDCC), one grounded capacitor and one grounded resistor. The main aim of the paper is to present a new floating inductance simulator using single active device with minimum passive components. The proposed floating inductance simulator can be electronically controllable by changing the bias current. The workability of the new presented FI circuit has been verified using SPICE simulation with TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm process parameters.

关键词： VDCC Floating Inductance Simulation Filters

Genotoxicity of ferric oxide nanoparticles in Raphanus sativus：Deciphering the role of signaling factors,oxidative stress and cell death

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 49-62页

作者： Quaiser Saquib Mohammad Faisal Abdulrahman A.Alatar Abdulaziz A.Al-Khedhairy Mukhtar Ahmed Sabiha M.Ansari Hend A.Alwathnani Mohammad K.Okla Sourabh Dwivedi javed Musarrat Shelly Praveen Shams T.Khan Rizwan Wahab Maqsood A.Siddiqui javed ahmad Zoology Department College of Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 245S Riyadh 114S1 Saucli Arabia A.R. Al-Jeraisy Chair for DNA Research Zoology Department College of Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Botany & Microbiology College of Sciences King Saucl University P.O. Box 2455 Riyaclh 11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Agricultural Microbiology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Aligarh Muslim University AIigarh 202002 India Baba Ohulam Shah Badshah Uniuersity Rajouri 185131Jammu and Kashmir India Division of Plant Pathology Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012 India

We have studied the genotoxic and apoptotic potential of ferric oxide nanoparticles（Fe_2O_3-NPs） in Raphanus sativus（radish）.Fe_2O_3-NPs retarded the root length and seed germination in *** sections of treated roots showed subcellular localization of Fe_2O_3-NPs,along with the appearance of damaged mitochondria and excessive *** cytometric analysis of Fe_2O_3-NPs（1.0 mg/m L） treated groups exhibited 219.5%,161%,120.4% and 161.4% increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species（ROS）,mitochondrial membrane potential（ΔΨm）,nitric oxide（NO） and Ca2＋influx in radish protoplasts.A concentration dependent increase in the antioxidative enzymes glutathione（GSH）,catalase（CAT）,superoxide dismutase（SOD） and lipid peroxidation（LPO） has been *** assay showed a concentration dependent increase in deoxyribonucleic acid（DNA） strand breaks in Fe_2O_3-NPs treated *** cycle analysis revealed 88.4% of cells in sub-G1 apoptotic phase,suggesting cell death in Fe_2O_3-NPs（2.0 mg/m L） treated *** together,the genotoxicity induced by Fe_2O_3-NPs highlights the importance of environmental risk associated with improper disposal of nanoparticles（NPs） and radish can serve as a good indicator for measuring the phytotoxicity of NPs grown in NP-polluted environment.

关键词： Ferric oxide nanoparticles Nanotoxicity DNA damage Apoptosis Oxidative stress Phytotoxicity

Structural Condition and Deficiencies of Present Constructed Bridges over Zahirshahi Canal and Proposal of New Design Using AASHTO Codes

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2019年第2期7卷 325-332页

作者： Abdul Khaliq Karimi Abdul Bari Jaheed Bashir ahmad Aasim javed ahmad Farooqi Civil Department Engineering Faculty Kandahar University Kandahar Afghanistan Water and Environmental Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Kandahar University Kandahar Afghanistan Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan

This paper addresses a comprehensive design of RCC T-beam Bridge based on AASHTO design standards. The bridge is designed and proposed to be constructed over an irrigation canal (Zahirshahi canal) of Kandahar province, Afghanistan that has more than 30 bridges over it. Yet they are not enough, and the demand for construction of new bridges is gradually arising because of the vast urbanization in the surrounding of the canal. Most of the bridges on this canal are Reinforced Concrete Slab (RCS) bridges;?these type bridges are limited by capacity and are generally found only in smaller spans. Since they can only span short distances and are often constructed as multiple-span?bridges with vertical supports between the abutments to allow a longer length.?All constructed slab bridges over Zahirshahi canal are four-span bridges. Constructing multi-span bridges on the canal decreases waterway due to the existence of many piers and footings that could increase the water level during the peak flow, even, sometimes can cause over flow. Taking into consideration these deficiencies of the present (RCS) bridges, two-span RCC T-beam Bridge is one of the best alternatives to be constructed over the canal. In addition, canal cross-sectional dimensions are almost constant along its length, though the construction of two-span RCC T-beam bridge is applicable at any point of the canal. The design is selected based on exclusive survey of the area during all seasons including the peak flowing of the canal.

关键词： Zahirshahi Canal RCC T-Beam Bridge AASHTO Design Standards

Appraisal of Deforestation in Murree through Open Source Satellite Imagery

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2018年第2期7卷 61-70页

作者： Tabasam Jamal Shoaib Naseer Syed Shehzad Hassan Hafsa Batool Rashid Mahmood Attia Naz Atif Butt Usman Tanver Imran Saddique Kaukab Sana Alvi javed ahmad Azeem Akhtar Arshid javed A. Ali Department of Geography University of the Punjab New Campus Lahore Punjab Pakistan Remote Sensing Group Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Forests are the main source of income for humans and shelter for many rare in habitants. Forests act as carbon sink and help to reduce the effect of natural hazards like floods. The timber is among the main products of forests used for precious furniture. Forest must cover one third of the part of any country but in Pakistan, it covers less than 4%. If the deforestation continues with the same ratio, there will be a drastic change in the upcoming years. The main objective of the study is to determine deforestation rates in Murree for the years 1999-2015 through open source Landsat 7, 8 imageries. The areas with high deforestation rates are also delineated. Supervised classification is used to delineate the area under buildup, vegetation and water that was 83.85 km2, 760.63 km2 and 1.18 km2 respectively in 1999. Built up area increased up to 20% and forests declined by 23% in 2015 as compared to 1999. Remote sensing and GIS tools helped to investigate the deforestation rates with high accuracy.

关键词： Landsat 7 Landsat 8 Supervised Classification Deforestation Vegetation Index

Wheat Yield Response to Foliar Fungicide Application against Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2017年第3期7卷 160-168页

作者： Krishna Dev Joshi Ghulam Ullah Attiq Ur Rehman Muhammad Makky Javaid javed ahmad Makhdoom Hussain Angela Pacheco Ibni Amin Khalil Amanullah Baloch International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Wheat Research Institute Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Texcoco Edo. de México CP 56130 Mexico Cereal Crops Research Institute Nowshera 24100 Pakistan

A study was conducted on reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina with foliar application of fungicides during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growing seasons at the Wheat Research Institute in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Three fungicides： Folicur （tebuconazole） at 300 mL/ha, Nativo （tebuconazole ＋ trifloxystrobin） at 300 g/ha and Tilt （propiconazole） at 500 mL/ha were applied single or two times to Morocco and Sehar-06 wheat varieties used in the trial. The trial plots were first sprayed at the Zadok＇s scale （ZS） 3 stage and second sprayed between ZS 4.3 and 5.4 stages. The greenness of the trial crop was measured using GreenSeeker. Foliar application of fungicides significantly reduced the loss of grain yield and 1,000-grain weight （TGW） of wheat due to leaf rust in comparison to the control without fungicides application. Of the three fungicides, two times spray of Nativo reduced the grain yield loss of leaf rust susceptible mega wheat variety Sehar-06 by 45%-56% and the loss of TGW by 42%, also giving the highest marginal return in the trial. Single application of Nativo was equally effective as two times spray of Folicur in reducing the loss of wheat grain yield. Two times spray of Folicur was found to be the second choice of fungicide for reducing the yield loss of wheat. The research identified suitable fungicides for reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust and also generated important scientific knowledge required to manage a sudden outbreak of leaf rust to ensure food security.

关键词： Wheat variety leaf rust yield loss yield response foliar spray of fungicide resistance breeding.

Environmental Assessment and Analysis of Chemical Properties of Drinking Water Using Geo-Spatial Technologies: Examples from Lahore Metropolitan

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2018年第3期7卷 259-275页

作者： Ali Imam Mirza Ali Iqtadar Mirza Tabasam Jamal Syed Shehzad Hassan Muhammad A. Butt Atif Ali Hafsa Batool Rashid Mahmood Attia Naz Azam Sohail Imran Saddique Kaukab Sana Alvi javed ahmad Safeer Ali Muneeb Aamir Azeem Akhtar Arshad javed Department of Geography GC University Lahore Pakistan Remote Sensing Group Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

The contamination of drinking water in Pakistan is a serious threat to its citizens. Urbanization leads to an increased demand of drinking water supply that leads to excessive drawdown that further causes lowering of water table. The current WASA (Water and Sanitation Authority) supply network does not fulfill the demand of a growing metropolitan city of Lahore. The drawdown of Lahore is absolutely reliant on Water and Sanitation Authority (WASA) water supply network that causes numerous problems due to inappropriate management of groundwater capital and increased urbanization. This research investigates groundwater qualities: Alkalinity, Arsenic, Calcium, chloride, Total Hardness, Magnesium, Nitrate, pH and Total Dissolved solids using geographic information system (GIS). Residents of high concentrated towns, like Samnabad Town, Allama Iqbal Town, Gulberg, Data Ganj Bakhsh Town, Ravi Town and Wahga town witness cut-down of water supply mainly due to over burden on tube wells. Chemical properties of drinking water show that most of the parameters were within the allowable limits of WHO whereas the pH, and arsenic values are higher than the average. Arsenic is a carcinogenic element which causes cancer and is higher in the drinking water. Finally, this study identifies highly contaminated groundwater zones and makes it convenient to find actual pollutants. Therefore, plans are needed to protect the aquifer.

关键词： Water Contamination Urbanization Geographic Information System (GIS) Chemical Properties Carcinogenic Elements WHO WebGIS RS WASA DNA pH TDS

Yield and Profit from New and Old Wheat Varieties Using Certified and Farmer-Saved Seeds

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第3期6卷 141-150页

作者： Krishna Dev Joshi Attiq Ur Rehrnan Ghulam Ullah Amanullah Baloch Makhdoom Hussain javed ahmad Mohammad Ishaq Gulzar ahmad Nadeem Abroad Syed Haider Abbas Maqsood Qamar Mumtaz Abroad Abid Ilyas Dar Badar-uddin Khokhar Muhammad Sajid Akhlaq Hussain Muhammad Imtiaz International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Wheat Research Institute Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan Cereal Crops Research Institute Nowshera 24100 Pakistan Barani Agricultural Research Institute Chakwa148800 Pakistan National Agriculture Research Centre lslamabad 44000 Pakistan Engro Fertilizers Limited Lahore 54000 Pakistan Wheat Research Institute Sakrand 67210 Pakistan Pride Seed Company Mardan 23200 Pakistan

Wheat is a strategic crop for food security in Pakistan with predominance of smallholder farmers. Farmer-saved seed （FSS） is used nearly by 75% of farmers for wheat production. Frequent variety or seed replacement is uncommon even among large-scale farmers, and certified seed （CS） is mostly bought to verify the value of new varieties. Replacing old and obsolete varieties by new high yielding disease resistant varieties is key to transferring new genetic gains to farmers. For the first time in Pakistan, on-farm factorial experiments involving seven new and five old wheat varieties and their corresponding CS and FSS were conducted. A total of 49 farmers representing major wheat cropping patterns throughout the country participated in these trials in the 2014 and 2015 wheat growing seasons. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant difference between wheat varieties and between seed classes. New variety ＋ CS gave 33.8% more grain yield as well as higher marginal return over farmers＇ variety ＋ FSS. Grain yield and returns from new variety ＋ FSS and farmers＇ variety ＋ CS were at par. Scientific knowledge generated in this research demonstrated that use of CS ＆new wheat varieties is best option, while growing new varieties with FSS is a second choice for the advantages accruing from their built-in genetic traits of economic importance over growing CS of old and obsolete varieties. Having more flexible seed system will help accelerate the delivery of new genetic gains to farmers＇ fields.

关键词： Certified seed farmer-saved seed variety and seed replacement smallholder farmers yield return varietal popularization.