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Assessment of soil erosion in the Irga watershed on the eastern edge of the Chota Nagpur Plateau,India

Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 54-68页

作者： Ratan PAL Buddhadev HEMBRAM Narayan Chandra jana Department of Geography the University of BurdwanWest Bengal-713104India

Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil *** turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on *** activities,particularly the conversion of vegetated land into agricultural land and built-up area,stand out as primary contributors to soil *** present study investigated the risk of soil erosion in the Irga watershed located on the eastern fringe of the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand,India,which is dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam soil with low soil organic carbon(SOC)*** study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and Geographical Information System(GIS)technique to determine the rate of soil *** five parameters(rainfall-runoff erosivity(R)factor,soil erodibility(K)factor,slope length and steepness(LS)factor,cover-management(C)factor,and support practice(P)factor)of the RUSLE were applied to present a more accurate distribution characteristic of soil erosion in the Irga *** result shows that the R factor is positively correlated with rainfall and follows the same distribution pattern as the *** K factor values in the northern part of the study area are relatively low,while they are relatively high in the southern *** mean value of the LS factor is 2.74,which is low due to the flat terrain of the Irga *** is a negative linear correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and the C factor,and the high values of the C factor are observed in places with low *** mean value of the P factor is 0.210,with a range from 0.000 to *** calculating all parameters,we obtained the average soil erosion rate of 1.43 t/(hm^(2)•a),with the highest rate reaching as high as 32.71 t/(hm^(2)•a).Therefore,the study area faces a low risk of soil ***,preventative measures are essential to avoid future damage to productive and constructive activities caused by soil *** study also ident

关键词： Soil erosion Soil organic carbon Rainfall-runoff erosivity factor Soil erodibility factor Slope length and steepness factor Cover-management factor Support practice factor Irga watershed

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Rilmenidine prevents blood pressure increase in rats with compromised nitric oxide production

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第12期25卷 74-80页

作者： Mria GEROV,Jozef TRK,Ol’ga PECHV,jana MATUKOV Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute ofNormal and Pathological Physiology SlovakAcademy of Sciences 813 71 Bratislava Slovak Republic Institute of Pathophysiology Medical School Comenius University Bratislava Slovak Republic Now in Center for Blood Research and Department of Pathology Harvard MedicalSchool Boston USA.

AIM: To search tools of high blood pressure in the model of nitric oxide (NO)-defective hypertension, and the study focused on the effect of rilmenidine, agonist of imidazoline receptors, which was suggested to modulate central sympathetic outflow. METHODS: Three experimental groups, each consisting of 7 rats, were used: (I) rats with inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 40 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4 weeks in drinking water, (II) rats with inhibited NOS as in group I , plus agonist of imidazoline receptors rilmenidine 3 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 4weeks by gavage, and(III) control rats. Systolic blood pressure wasmeasured weekly noninvasively. At the end of experiment aortic ring isometric tension was followed, NOS expression (aorta, left ventricle), and NOS activity (left ventricle and brain) were determined. RESULTS: In the group I systolic blood pressure in- creased significantly, aortic ring relaxation to acetylcholine was significantly attenuated. Rilmenidine administered simultaneously with L-NAME (group II) prevented the increase of blood pressure which did not differ significantly from control values; aortic ring relaxation to acetylcholine did not differ from control. No change in NOS expres- sion (aorta and left ventricle) was found in groups I and II. Significant decline in NOS activity (left ventricle and brain) wasfound in groups I and II. CONCLUSION: Rilmenidinehas aremarkable role inNO-defective hypertension, possibly by inhibiting central sympathetic outflow and by affecting receptors in vascular smooth muscle also. The prime cause of hypertension in this experimental model - the compromised production of NO due to inhibition of NOS - was not affected by rilmenidine.

关键词： NO deficiency hypertension imidazoline receptor nitric-oxide synthase sympathetic activity

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Status and outlook of hiking trails in the central part of the Low Tatra Mountains in Slovakia between 1980–1981 and 2013–2014

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1615-1632页

作者： HRNCIAROVá Tatiana KENDERESSY Pavol SPULEROVá jana VLACHOVICOVá Miriam PISCOVá Veronika DOBROVODSKá Marta Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Stefanikova 3P.O.Box 254814 99 BratislavaSlovak Republic Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Branch NitraP.O.Box 22Akademicka 2949 01 NitraSlovak Republic

This study presents a methodology for assessment of the condition of hiking trails(HTs) and their impact zones in the central part of the Low Tatra mountain range, based on comparison of two complex data sets gathered in 33 years apart. The first field investigation was performed in 1980 and 1981, and the second in 2013 and 2014. The main goal was to perform a landscape typology in order to assess the susceptibility of landscape complexes to occurrence of anthropogenic and natural destruction processes and to assess the condition and prospects of HTs and their impacts on the adjacent alpine environment. Landscape complexes were characterised by selected abiotic, biotic and technical parameters of HTs and their impact zones. Due to the high variability of these parameters over the length of the HTs, we had to decide on how to map them. This was done using a square grid with 100 m-sized cells. For each cell with HT, the parameters were assigned the typical value within that cell. In total, 26.3 km of HT were studied, stretching over 266 grid cells. On comparison of the two data sets, it was seen that, 64%(171 grid cells) display a generally positive condition, with 54%(143 grid cells) even exhibiting significant improvement or continuously positive state of their condition. 36%(95 grid cells) were in bad condition, including 3%(9 grid cells) whose state had deteriorated, and 2%(6 grid cells) whose state had significantly deteriorated, in the time between the two assessments.

关键词： Hiking trails Degradation Tourist pressure Monitoring hiking trail changes Low Tatras Mountains Slovakia

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To eat or get heat： Behavioral trade-offs between thermoregulation and feeding in gregarious necrophagous larvae

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 883-893页

作者： jana Podhorna Cindy Aubernon Marie Borkovcova Julien Boulay Valery Hedouin Damien Charabidze Department of Zoology Fisheries Hydrobiology and Apiculture Mendel University in Brno Czech Repubfic Unite de Taphonomie Medico-Legale University of Lille CHU Lille EA France

The thermoregulation behavior ofLucilia sericata larvae （Diptera： Calliphori- dae）, a necrophagous species that feeds on vertebrate cadavers, was investigated. These larvae require high heat incomes to develop, and can elevate temperatures by forming large aggregates. We hypothesized that L. sericata larvae should continue to feed at temperatures up to 38 ℃, which can be reached inside larval masses. Thermal regulation behavior such as movement between a hot food spot and colder areas was also postulated. The hypotheses were tested by tracking for 1 h the activity of single, starved third instar larvae in a Petri dish containing 1 food spot （FS） that was heated to a constant temperature of 25 ℃, 34 ℃ or 38 ℃ with an ambient temperature of 25 ℃. The influence of previous conspecific activity in the food on larval behavior was also tested. The crops of larvae were dissected to monitor food content in the digestive systems. Based on relative crop measurements, larvae fed at all food temperatures, but temperature strongly affected larval behavior and kinematics. The total time spent by larvae in FS and the duration of each stay decreased at high FS temperature. Previous activity of conspecifics in the food slightly increased the time spent by larvae in FS and also decreased the average distance to FS. Therefore, necrophagous L. sericata larvae likely thermoregulate during normal feeding activities by adjusting to local fluctuations in temperature, particularly inside maggot masses. By maintaining a steady internal body temperature, larvae likely reduce their development time.

关键词： blowflies Calliphoridae forensic entomology foraging thermoregulation video tracking

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Changes of the liver metabolome following an intravenous lipopolysaccharide injection in Holstein cows supplemented with dietary carnitine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 188-199页

作者： Wei Xu Sandra Grindler Akos Kenez Sven Danicke jana Frahm Korinna Huber Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture Beijing 100097China. Department of Biosystems Biosystems Technology ClusterCampus GeelKleinhoefstraat 42440 Geel LeuvenKUBelgium. Institute of Animal Science Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Hohenheim70599 StuttgartGermany. Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health City University of Hong KongBlock 14/FTo Yuen Building31 To Yuen StreetKowloonHong Kong SARChina. Institute of Animal Nutrition Federal Research Institute for Animal Health(Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut)38116 BrunswickGermany.

Background:Carnitine facilitates the flux of long-chain fatty acids for hepatic mitochondrial beta-oxidation,which acts to ameliorate the negative energy balance commonly affecting high-yielding dairy *** triggered by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)load can however pose a challenge to the metabolic integrity via the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators,leading to immune system activation and respective metabolic *** effect of enhanced carnitine availability on hepatic metabolome profiles during an inflammatory challenge has not yet been determined in dairy ***,Holstein cows were supplemented with 25 g/d rumen-protected carnitine from 42d prepartum until 126 d postpartum(n=16)or assigned to the control group with no supplementation during the same period(n=14).We biopsied the liver of the cows before(100 d postpartum)and after(112 d postpartum)an intravenous injection of 0.5μg/kg *** samples were subjected to a targeted metabolomics analysis using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 Kit(Biocrates Life Sciences AG,Innsbruck,Austria).Results:Multivariate statistical analyses revealed that hepatic metabolome profiles changed in relation to both the carnitine supplementation and the LPS *** the metabolite profiles on 100 d,carnitine increased the concentration of short-and long-chain acyl-carnitines,which may be explained by an enhanced mitochondrial fatty acid shuttle and hence greater energy *** LPS injection affected hepatic metabolite profiles only in the carnitine supplemented group,particularly altering the concentration of biogenic ***:Our results point to interactions between an acute hepatic inflammatory response and biogenic amine metabolism,depending on energy availability.

关键词： Acyl-carnitines Inflammatory response Lipid metabolism Liver metabolome Mitochondrial function

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Entropy analysis of unsteady magneto-nanofluid flow past accelerating stretching sheet with convective boundary condition

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第12期36卷 1593-1610页

作者： S.DAS S.CHAKRABORTY R.N.jana O.D.MAKINDE Department of Mathematics University of Gour Banga Department of Applied Mathematics Vidyasagar University Faculty of Military Science Stellenbosch University

The unsteady laminar magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） boundary layer flow and heat transfer of nanofluids over an accelerating convectively heated stretching sheet are numerically studied in the presence of a transverse magnetic field with heat source/sink The unsteady governing equations are solved by a shooting method with the Runge-Kutta- Fehlberg scheme. Three different types of water based nanofluids, containing copper, aluminium oxide, and titanium dioxide, are taken into consideration. The effects of the pertinent parameters on the fluid velocity, the temperature, the entropy generation num- ber, the Bejan number, the shear stress, and the heat transfer rate at the sheet surface are graphically and quantitatively discussed in detail. A comparison of the entropy generation due to the heat transfer and the fluid friction is made with the help of the Bejan number. It is observed that the presence of the metallic nanoparticles creates more entropy in the nanofluid flow than in the regular fluid flow.

关键词： unsteady MHD flow nanofluid heat source/sink entropy generation Bejan number

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The girl who never read Noam Chomsky

The girl who never read Noam Chomsky

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作者： jana Casale.

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Latent Space Phenotyping:Automatic Image-Based Phenotyping for Treatment Studies

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Jordan Ubbens Mikolaj Cieslak Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz Isobel Parkin jana Ebersbach Ian Stavness Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Computer Science University of CalgaryCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada SaskatoonSKCanada

Association mapping studies have enabled researchers to identify candidate loci for many important environmental tolerance factors,including agronomically relevant tolerance traits in ***,traditional genome-by-environment studies such as these require a phenotyping pipeline which is capable of accurately measuring stress responses,typically in an automated highthroughput context using image *** this work,we present Latent Space Phenotyping(LSP),a novel phenotyping method which is able to automatically detect and quantify response-to-treatment directly from *** demonstrate example applications using data from an interspecific cross of the model C_(4) grass Setaria,a diversity panel of sorghum(***),and the founder panel for a nested association mapping population of canola(Brassica napus L.).Using two synthetically generated image datasets,we then show that LSP is able to successfully recover the simulated QTL in both simple and complex synthetic *** propose LSP as an alternative to traditional image analysis methods for phenotyping,enabling the phenotyping of arbitrary and potentially complex response traits without the need for engineering-complicated image-processing pipelines.

关键词： typically traits mapping

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Acute onset of autoimmune hepatitis in children and adolescents

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第1期19卷 17-21页

作者： Vratislav Smolka Oksana Tkachyk Jiri Ehrmann Eva Karaskova Martin Zapalka jana Volejnikova Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 185/6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 185/6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare progressive liver disease, which manifests as acute hepatitis in 40%-50% of pediatric cases. This refers predominantly to spontaneous exacerbations of previ- ously unrecognized subclinical AIH with laboratory and histological signs of chronic hepatitis, or to acute exacerbations of known chronic disease. Only a few of these patients ful ll criteria for acute liver failure (ALF). Methods: Forty children diagnosed with AIH in our center between 2000 and 2018 were included in this study. All of them ful lled revised diagnostic criteria of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) for probable or con rmed AIH, and other etiologies of liver diseases were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups: acute AIH (A-AIH) or chronic AIH (C-AIH). Results: Acute onset of AIH occurred in 19/40 children (48%). Six of them ful lled the criteria of ALF with coagulopathy and encephalopathy. Five of 6 children with ALF suffered from exacerbation of previ- ously undiagnosed chronic AIH, among which 4 children were histologically con rmed as micronodular cirrhosis. The remaining one patient had fulminant AIH with centrilobular necrosis, but no histological signs of previous chronic liver damage. We observed signi cantly lower levels of albumin, higher levels of aminotransferases, bilirubin, INR, IgG, higher IAIHG score and more severe histological ndings in A- AIH than in C-AIH. No differences in patient age and presence of autoantibodies were observed between A-AIH and C-AIH. All children, including those with ALF and cirrhosis, were treated with corticosteroids, and are alive and achieved AIH remission. Liver transplant was not indicated in any patient. Conclusion: Rapid and accurate diagnosis of A-AIH may be di cult. However, timely start of immunosup-pressive therapy improves prognosis and decreases number of indicated liver transplantations in children with AIH.

关键词： Acute liver failure Autoimmune hepatitis Children Onset

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Multifarious diagnostic possibilities of the S100 protein family: predominantly in pediatrics and neonatology

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 315-321页

作者： Anna Medkova Josef Srovnal Jarmila Potomkova jana Volejnikova Vladimir Mihal Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6779 00 OlomoucCzech Republic Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Institute of Molecular and T ranslational MedicinePalacky University OlomoucHněvotinska1333/5779 00 OlomoucCzech R epublic Department of Science and R esearch University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6779 00 OlomoucCzech R epublic

Background Numerous articles related to S100 proteins have been recently *** review aims to introduce this large protein family and its importance in the diagnostics of many pathological conditions in children and *** sources Based on original publications found in database systems,we summarize the current knowledge about the S100 protein group and highlight the most important proteins with focus on pediatric *** The S100 family is composed of Ca2+and Zn2+binding proteins,which are present only in *** of these proteins can be used as diagnostic markers in cardiology(S100A1,S100A12),oncology(S100A2,S100A5,S100A6,S100A14,S100A16,S100P,S100B),neurology(S100B),rheumatology(S100A8/A9,S100A4,S100A6,and S100A12),nephrology and infections(S100A8,S100A9,S100A8/A9,S100A12).The most useful S100 proteins in pediatrics are S100A8,S100A9,heterodimers S100A8/A9,S100B and *** The S100 family members are promising biomarkers and provide numerous possibilities for implementation into clinical practice to optimize the differential diagnostic process.

关键词： S100 Diagnostics Marker Pediatrics

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