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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex E.Mohr david B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça leite deborah Akins jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA research Institute for Sport and Exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MEdlINE,CINAHl,Cochrane CENTRAl,and Cochrane database of Systematic reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in English were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： Exercise Experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

Ten misconceptions regarding decision-making in critical care

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 72-82页

作者： Tara Ramaswamy jamie l Sparling Marvin G Chang Edward A Bittner department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

diagnostic errors are prevalent in critical care practice and are associated with patient harm and costs for providers and the healthcare *** complexity,illness severity,and the urgency in initiating proper treatment all contribute to decision-making ***-related factors such as fatigue,cognitive overload,and inexperience further interfere with effective *** science has provided insight into the clinical decision-making process that can be used to reduce *** evidence-based review discusses ten common misconceptions regarding critical care *** understanding how practitioners make clinical decisions and examining how errors occur,strategies may be developed and implemented to decrease errors in decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Clinical reasoning Cognitive bias Critical care debiasing strategies decision making diagnostic reasoning diagnostic error Heuristics Medical knowledge Patient safety

An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads:Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2669-2684页

作者： jamie Anne lugtu-Pe Xuning Zhang Sako Mirzaie Hao Han R.Chang Nour Al-Mousawi Kuan Chen Yongqiang li Anil Kane daniel Bar-Shalom Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and drug delivery laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S 3M2Canada Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc. Mississauga L5N 5M1Canada department of Pharmacy University of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific Toronto Region Operations(TRO)Mississauga L5N 3X4Canada

Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution ***,most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility,and hence are exempt from such *** combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility,like other supersaturating systems,the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved,particularly within the dosage ***,we explored the potential of an emerging,non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle(TPN)pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion(CRASd)beads comprising a poorly soluble drug(celecoxib)reservoir and insoluble polymer(ethylcellulose)*** to conventional pore former,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity,less crystal formation at the CRASd bead surface,and greater extent of celecoxib ***-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN,intra-molecular bonding,crystal formation tendency,diffusion coefficient,and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced,while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to *** work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASd.

关键词： Controlled release amorphous solid dispersion Poorly soluble drug Internal recrystallization Membrane-reservoir coated beads Molecular dynamics simulation Effect of pore formers Terpolymer nanogel drug-polymer interactions

Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen d.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea l.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTdiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),ml/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m l/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert Chelsea l.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-locke Melicia C.Whitt-Glover david R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA division of Epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(MET)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated METs with measured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MET values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of METs for older *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exercise MET Physical Activities

Insula and the Immune System:More than mere Co-existence?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第10期38卷 1271-1273页

作者： Panagiotis Kerezoudis Charles l.Howe long-Jun Wu Brian N.lundstrom jamie J.Van Gompel department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

does the Brain regulate the Immune System?While long considered to be separate entities,increasing evidence has demonstrated that thebrain and theperipheral immune system interact through bidirectional feedback[1].The brain hosts a vibrant immune environment(*** and perivascular macrophages)that is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the central nervous system[2].In addition,the brain is the central regulator of the rest of the body and its homeostasis.

关键词： Immune homeostasis Ins

Corneal epithelial defects following vitreoretinal surgery:incidence and outcomes from the dISCOVER study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 83-88页

作者： Kubra Sarici daniel Petkovsek Alison Martin Alex Yuan Jeffrey M.Goshe Sunil K.Srivastava jamie l.reese Justis P.Ehlers The Tony and leona Campane Center for Excellence in Image-Guided Surgery and Advanced Imaging research Cole Eye InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA Vitreoretinal Service Cole Eye InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA Cornea Service Cole Eye InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195USA

AIM:To investigate the incidence,risk factors,clinical course,and outcomes of corneal epithelial defects(CEd)following vitreoretinal surgery in a prospective study ***:This was a post-hoc analysis of all participants in dISCOVER intraoperative optical coherence tomography *** with CEd 1 d after surgery without intraoperative corneal debridement was defined as the postoperative CEd *** who underwent intraoperative debridement were defined as intraoperative debridement *** were matched 2:1 with controls(eyes without postoperative CEd)for comparative *** primary outcomes were the incidence of CEd on postoperative day one and the incidence of required intraoperative *** outcomes included time to defect closure,delayed healing(>2 wk),visual acuity(VA)and presence of scarring at one year and cornea ***:This study included 856 eyes that underwent vitreoretinal *** corneal debridement was performed to 61(7.1%)subjects and postoperative CEd developed spontaneously in 94(11.0%)*** factors associated with postoperative CEd included prolonged surgical duration(P=0.003),diabetes mellitus(P=0.04),postoperative ocular hypotension(Plonged surgical duration was associated with intraoperative *** defect closure time(>2 wk)was associated with corneal scar formation at the end of the 1 y in all epithelial defect subjects(Pll rate of corneal scarring for all eyes undergoing vitrectomy was 1.8%.CONClUSION:Prolonged duration of surgery is the strongest factor associated with both intraoperative debridement and spontaneous postoperative *** defect closure is associated with a greater risk of corneal scarring at one *** overall rate of corneal scarring following vitrectomy is low at<2%.

关键词： corneal epithelial defect vitreoretinal surgery intraoperative optical coherence tomography

Iron-Catalysed C(sp^(2))-H Borylation with Expanded Functional Group Tolerance

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第24期40卷 2875-2881页

作者： luke Britton jamie H.docherty Gary S.Nichol Andrew P.dominey Stephen P.Thomas EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FJ United Kingdom GSK Medicines research Centre StevenageSG12NY United Kingdom

Arene C(sp^(2))-H bond borylation offers direct and efficient access to aryl boronic *** in situ catalyst activation and photoirradiation,the iron-catalysed C(sp^(2))-H borylation reaction of carboarenes,pyrroles,and indoles has been developed using only bench-stable pre-catalysts and *** functional group tolerance was observed including those not reported using previous methods(ArNH_(2),ArOH,ArSiR_(3),ArP(O)(O)_(2),ArC(O)NR_(2)).Mechanistic studies revealed iron-catalysed reductive deoxygenation,C—F protodefluorination,and a demethylation of aryl methyl ethers by C—O sigma bond hydroboration.

关键词： Iron Earth-abundant C-H borylation Boron Photochemistry

Super-anti-freezing,tough and adhesive titanium carbide and l-ornithine-enhanced hydrogels

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生物质资源与工程(英文) 2023年第2期8卷 136-145页

作者： Zhangkang li jamie leBlanc Hitendra Kumar Hongguang Zhang Weijun Yang Xiao He Qingye lu Jeffrey Van Humbeck Keekyoung Kim Jinguang Hu department of Biomedical Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada department of Chemistry University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Pathology and laboratory Medicine Cumming School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryHospital Drive NWT2N 4N1AlbertaCanada department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of CalgaryUniversity Drive NWCalgary T2N 1N4AlbertaCanada Key laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu214122China

Hydrogels are highly porous three-dimensional crosslinked polymer networks consisting of hy-drophilic polymers,employed most practically in medicine and industry,often as *** hydrogels suffer limitations in their mechanical properties,such as tensile and com-pression,and freeze at sub-zero temperatures,which compromise their ability as useful *** this study,the incorporation of l-ornithine-based zwitterionic monomer(OZM),titanium carbide(MXene),and glycerol within polyacrylamide hydrogels was used to prepare a novel polyacrylamide/polyl-ornithine-based zwitterion/MXene(PAM/Porn/MXene)hydrogel to im-prove the mechanical,adhesion,and anti-freezing properties of pure polyacrylamide *** study also analyzed the mechanical strength(tensile and compression),adhesion,and anti-freezing properties of a novel PAM/Porn/MXene hydrogel at 1%,4%,and 10%MXene concen-trations to establish to what extent the conductive MXene material enhanced these properties and concluded that the tensile and compressive properties improved linearly with the increase in the concentrations of MXene,adhesion decreased with the increased MXene concentrations,and syn-ergistic interaction between MXene and OZM significantly improved the anti-freezing properties up to-80°C.

关键词： Super-anti-freezing Tough Adhesive l-ornithine MXene