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Critical role of risk management in ground engineering and opportunities for improvement

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第5期27卷 725-731页

作者： Jim galvin Mining Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2283Australia

Green mining is concerned with mining in a sustainable manner, such that the needs of the present are met without compromising future generations. The achievement of this objective depends on balancing social, environmental and economic objectives and has to have regard to both active mining operations and legacy issues associated with mine closure. Ground engineering has a critical role in achieving green mining objectives but its contribution is characterised by pervasive uncertainty. Uncertainty equates to risk. This means that ground engineering should be practiced within a risk management framework that aims to both prevent unwanted outcomes and to mitigate their consequences to an acceptable level. This keynote address presents the fundamentals of risk management and demonstrates its effectiveness by reference to improvements in the safety performance of the NSW coal sector over the past three ***, ground control remains a mix of art and science, relying heavily on judgements which should be premised on knowledge, skill and experience(that is, competence). Risk management has now been enshrined in mining legislation and operating practice in Australia for over two *** this, near-hit and accident and incident investigations, commissions of inquiry and legal proceedings almost invariably identify deficiencies and opportunities for improvements necessary to achieve the objectives of sustainable mining. Three of the more important opportunities which have global application in relation to ground engineering are discussed. These relate to the vexing issue of defining competency in ground engineering; the criteria for undertaking rigorous risk assessment; and the need for ground engineers to become involved in mine rehabilitation and closure planning over the full life cycle of a mine, commencing at the prefeasibility stage.

关键词： Bow tie analysis Mine safety Mine closure Risk assessment Risk management Sustainable mining Uncertainty

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宝石级钻石鉴定的回顾

地球科学（中国地质大学学报） 1994年第2期19卷 273-280,T001页

作者： jamese.Shigley 美国宝石学院研究部

概括地评述了天然钻石、实验室处理的钻石、人造钻石以及钻石仿制品的宝石学鉴定特征。

关键词：钻石宝石学鉴定

Monkeypox awareness,knowledge,and attitude among undergraduate preclinical and clinical students at a Malaysian dental school:An emerging outbreak during the COVID-19 era

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第10期15卷 461-467页

作者： galvin Sim Siang Lin Wen Wu Tan Daryl Zhun Kit Chan Kai Shen Ooi Hasnah Hashim Department of Dental Materials Faculty of DentistryAsian Institute of MedicineScience and Technology(AIMST)University08100BedongKedahMalaysia Department of Dental Public Health Faculty of DentistryAsian Institute of MedicineScience and Technology(AIMST)University08100BedongKedahMalaysia Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre56000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To evaluate the awareness,knowledge,and attitude on monkeypox viral infection among preclinical and clinical dental students in ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 229 preclinical and clinical dental students via an online self-reported *** questionnaire included 3 items on awareness,15 items on knowledge,9 items on attitude and 2 open-ended *** were presented as frequencies and ***-square test was used to compare knowledge and awareness scores between preclinical and clinical dental students and content analysis was performed for open-ended ***:Preclinical and clinical dental students were aware of the existence of monkeypox(89.5%and 94.4%,respectively),that the disease emerged in non-endemic countries(81.0%and 87.1%,respectively)and that it was declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization(73.3%and 79.0%,respectively).Clinical dental students’overall knowledge level was significantly higher than preclinical dental students(P=0.014).Both preclinical(95.2%)and clinical(96.8%)dental students demonstrated positive attitudes toward monkeypox with no significant difference(P=0.736)noted between *** themes emerged from the open-ended questions:(1)reimplementation of nationwide lockdown,(2)impact on the economy and health,and(3)disruption to the educational *** also anticipated their face-to-face learning to be reduced should there be a new ***:Both preclinical and clinical dental students showed comparable awareness and attitudes,while the latter demonstrated greater satisfactory knowledge toward the re-emergence of monkeypox during the COVID-19 ***,efforts to improve dental students’understanding of this alarming outbreak are required,to safeguard their health and minimise transmission.

关键词： Communicable disease Monkeypox virus Public health Tropical disease Zoonoses

A Quadrature-Based Kinetic Model for Dilute Non-Isothermal Granular Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第6期10卷 216-252页

作者： Alberto Passalacqua Janine E.galvin Prakash Vedula Christine M.Hrenya Rodney O.Fox Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011-2230USA United States Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory MorgantownWV 26507-0880USA School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019-0601USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309-0424USA.

A moment method with closures based on Gaussian quadrature formulas is proposed to solve the Boltzmann kinetic equation with a hard-sphere collision kernel for mono-dispersed *** orders of accuracy in terms of the moments of the velocity distribution function are considered,accounting for moments up to seventh ***-based closures for four different models for inelastic collisionthe Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook,ES-BGK,the Maxwell model for hard-sphere collisions,and the full Boltzmann hard-sphere collision integral-are derived and *** approach is validated studying a dilute non-isothermal granular flow of inelastic particles between two stationary Maxwellian *** obtained from the kinetic models are compared with the predictions of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations of a nearly equivalent system with finite-size *** influence of the number of quadrature nodes used to approximate the velocity distribution function on the accuracy of the predictions is *** for constitutive quantities such as the stress tensor and the heat flux are provided,and show the capability of the quadrature-based approach to predict them in agreement with the MD simulations under dilute conditions.

关键词： Kinetic equation quadrature-based moment method granular gas collision integral BGK-type model

Exploring the Impact of Crisis and Trauma on the Mental Health and Psychological Well-Being of University Students in Northern Haiti

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第2期25卷 173-191页

作者： Michael galvin Guesly Michel Henri-Claude Saintelmond Carolyn Lesorogol Jean-François Trani Lora Iannotti Harvard University Cambridge02138USA Boston University Boston02215USA Centre de SantéMental de Morne Pelé Cap-Haïtien2697Haiti UniversitéPublique du Nord au Cap-Haïtien Cap-Haïtien2697Haiti Washington University in St.Louis St.Louis63130USA

In recent decades,Haiti has been subject to man-made and natural disasters that have left its citizens vulnerable to a range of *** a weak state unable to protect its populace,Haitians are exposed to some of the highest levels of poverty and violence in the Western *** recent years,Haitians have experienced two crises that this study analyzes:the instability and political violence of“peyi lòk”as well as the global pandemic of *** community-based assessment explores the impact of these two crises on the mental health and psychological well-being of 38 Haitian university students in the understudied northern part of the *** indicate that both crises had similarities related to their psychological effects on young people,most notably in terms of traumatic experiences related to threats or violence,forced confinement,and large increases in population-wide ***,the extreme violence of“peyi lòk”and the widespread unpredictability of COVID-19 and its effects in the early days of the pandemic resulted in high levels of stress and *** crises also resulted in extreme economic hardship for students,with many reporting difficulties accessing basic needs such as food and *** study highlights how converging population-level crises in“complex emergencies”can heighten trauma and compromise mental health.

关键词： Haiti crisis mental health psychological well-being coronavirus COVID-19

Haemostatic management for aortic valve replacement in a patient with advanced liver disease

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世界临床病例杂志 2014年第10期2卷 596-603页

作者： Laurence Weinberg Irene Kearsey Clarissa Tjoakarfa George Matalanis Sean galvin Scott Carson Rinaldo Bellomo Larry McNicol Peter McCall Department of Anaesthesia Austin HospitalMelbourne Victoria 3084 Australia Department of Cardiac Surgery Austin HospitalMelbourne Victoria 3084 Australia Department of Intensive Care Austin HospitalMelbourne Victoria 3084 Australia

Redo-sternotomy and aortic valve replacement in patients with advanced liver disease is rare and associated with a prohibitive morbidity and mortality. Refractory coagulopathy is common and a consequence of intense activation of the coagulation system that can be triggered by contact of blood with the cardiopulmonary bypass circuitry, bypass-induced fibrinolysis, plate-let activation and dysfunction, haemodilution, surgical trauma, hepatic decompensation and hypothermia. Management can be further complicated by right heart dysfunction, porto-pulmonary hypertension, poor myocardial protection, and hepato-renal syndrome. Complex interactions between coagulation/fibrinolysis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome reactions like "post-perfusion-syndrome" also compound haemostatic failure. Given the limited information available for the specific management and prevention of cardiopulmonary bypass-induced haemostatic failure, this report serves to guide the anaesthesia and medical management of future cases of a similar kind. We discuss our multimodal management of haemostatic failure using pharmacological strategies, thromboelastography, continuous cerebral and liver oximetry, and continuous cardiac output monitoring.

关键词： Cardiac surgery Liver failure Coagulopathy Cardiopulmonary bypass

呼吸道合胞病毒和副流感病毒疫苗研制现状WHO疫苗开发规划会议报告

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国外医学（预防．诊断．治疗用生物制品分册） 1996年第1期19卷 25-27页

作者： jamese 刘建

副粘病毒科中的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和3型副流感病毒(PIV_3)可引起婴幼儿细支气管炎和肺炎,PIV_3还引起哮吼,由这两种病毒导致住院治疗的婴幼儿占所有因呼吸道疾病住院儿童的30%.迄今尚无获准使用的预防这两种病毒感染的疫苗.1994年3月2... 详细信息

副粘病毒科中的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和3型副流感病毒(PIV_3)可引起婴幼儿细支气管炎和肺炎,PIV_3还引起哮吼,由这两种病毒导致住院治疗的婴幼儿占所有因呼吸道疾病住院儿童的30%.迄今尚无获准使用的预防这两种病毒感染的疫苗.1994年3月27日,全球疫苗规划处(GPV)在瑞士尼翁组织了一次专题讨论会,回顾了这两种疫苗的研究状况,并探索能用于预防RSV和PIV_3所致疾病的新免疫接种方法.WHO希望评价用RSV和PIV_3的cDNA克隆拯救感染性病毒的方法学建立方面的进展.该技术一旦建立,对研制新一代候选疫苗和阐明现有疫苗减毒作用的遗传学基础均具有重要价值.

关键词：呼吸道合胞病毒副流感病毒疫苗

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65.肺栓塞

江西医药 1986年第6期 568-574页

作者： jamese.WilsonⅢ

【定义】肺栓塞即脱落的血栓或其它颗粒性物质嵌顿在肺血管床中。肺梗死则为血液供应障碍所致肺实质的坏死。因肺拥有双重血液供应,故肺栓塞大多不致发生梗死。【病因】肺栓塞的诱因,可按Virchow在1856年最初提出的方式分为以下几类:血... 详细信息

【定义】肺栓塞即脱落的血栓或其它颗粒性物质嵌顿在肺血管床中。肺梗死则为血液供应障碍所致肺实质的坏死。因肺拥有双重血液供应,故肺栓塞大多不致发生梗死。【病因】肺栓塞的诱因,可按Virchow在1856年最初提出的方式分为以下几类:血流郁滞、静脉损伤、血凝机能亢进。固定、肥胖、静脉曲张、充血性心力衰竭和妊娠等,皆可使血流郁滞。静脉损伤见于外科手术、外伤和灼烧等情况。血凝机能亢进的确切定义尚有争议;从广义来说,它是指导致血栓形成的凝血系统的功能改变,见于以下情况:癌瘤、真性红细胞增多、溶血性贫血、脾切

关键词：肺栓塞复发性深静脉血栓形成抗凝治疗肺血管床肺血管造影肺灌注扫描

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66.脂栓综合征

江西医药 1986年第6期 574-575页

作者： jamese.WilsonⅢ

肺的脂肪栓塞即肺循环中有颗粒性脂肪小球嵌入。长骨骨折后,多数病人都会发生脂栓,但却大多不致发生脂栓综合征,后者至少应有本综合征的三项主要症状中的一项存在,即呼吸障碍、脑症状或淤点。如接受全髋关节置换术的病人,引流手术区的... 详细信息

肺的脂肪栓塞即肺循环中有颗粒性脂肪小球嵌入。长骨骨折后,多数病人都会发生脂栓,但却大多不致发生脂栓综合征,后者至少应有本综合征的三项主要症状中的一项存在,即呼吸障碍、脑症状或淤点。如接受全髋关节置换术的病人,引流手术区的股静脉中几乎都有微观脂肪栓存在,但都无一发生脂栓综合征。骨盆或下肢长骨骨折病人中,发生明显脂栓综合征的虽仅2％,但约半数病例发生短暂时缺氧血症,并常伴有血小板减少,提示为一亚临床性脂栓综合征。【发病机理】脂栓综合征的发生机理,可能比人们想像的更为复杂,即不仅是骨髓释出脂肪小

关键词：脂栓长骨骨折缺氧血症髋关节置换术股静脉脂肪栓塞发病机理手术区颗粒性呼吸障碍