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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 225-244页

作者： Alba yánez Manuela Dal-Forno Frank Bungartz Robert Lücking james D.Lawrey Biodiversity Assessment Charles Darwin Foundation(AISBL)Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosEcuador Universidad Central del Ecuador QuitoEcuador Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of Galapagos lichens,a first assessment of the morphology and anatomy of basidiolichens from the archipelago is presented *** is the basis for further studies of the taxonomy,ecology and biogeography of this poorly known group of *** genera,all in Hygrophoraceae,can be distinguished:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum and *** Acantholichen and Cora are characterized by chroococcoid cyanobionts and a heteromerous thallus with a distinct upper cortex and photobiont *** monotypic Acantholichen pannarioides is entirely composed of small,branched,inflated squamules that appear densely pruinose because their cortical hyphae bear characteristically swollen,densely spinose end cells(acanthohyphidia);this species has never been observed *** common Cora glabrata is foliose,forming large,radially zonate,conch-like,often tiled thalli,when fertile with circular lines of basidiocarps on its lower *** is distinguished by filamentous cyanobionts and distinctly filamentous thalli that are homomereous(i.e.,not distinctly layered);all species of Dictyonema *** trichomes(filamentose cyanobacterial photobionts)closely enveloped by fungal cells of a jigsaw *** *** thallus filaments(i.e.,individual fibrils)aggregate to form shelf-like structures similar in appearance to polyporoid bracket fungi;basidiocarps develop in irregular patches on the lower side of these *** contrast,fibrils of *** grow encrusting their substrate with irregularly to suberect trichomes,occasionally bearing basidiocarps dispersed across the *** other species in Galapagos show adpressed growth form and are described here as new:Dictyonema pectinatum,which is characterized by large parallel fibrils with paler,papillate tips,and ***,characterized by thin trichomes of more squarrish elongate *** genus Cyphellostereum is represented by two species:the newly describ

关键词： Census of Galapagos Biodiversity Galapagos Lichen Inventory Acantholichen Cora Cyphellostereum Dictyonema

Organic Carbon Isotope Geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation,South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第5期80卷 670-683页

作者： GUO Qingjun LIU Congqiang Harald STRAUSS Tatiana GOLDBERG ZHU Maoyan pi Daohui WANG Jian State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou 550002 China Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut Universitat Miinster Corrensstrasse 24 48149 Miinster Germany School of Earth Sciences James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China Guizhou Phosphorite Ore Company Weng＇an Guizhou

The Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation on the yangtze Platform, South China, documents a sedimentary succession with different sedimentary facies from carbonate platform to slope and to deep sea basin, and hosts one of the world-class phosphorite deposits. In these strata, exquisitely preserved fossils have been discovered： the Weng＇an biota. This study presents carbon isotope geochemistry which is associated paired carbonate and organic matter from the Weng＇an section of a carbonate platform （shelf of the yangtze Platform, Guizhou Province） from the Songtao section and Nanming section of a transition belt （slope of the yangtze Platform, Guizhou Province） and from the yanwutan section （basin area of the yangtze Platform, Hunan Province）. Environmental variations and bio-events on the yangtze Platform during the Late Neoproterozoic and their causal relationship are discussed. Negative carbon isotope values for carbonate and organic carbon （mean δ^13Corg = -35.0‰） from the uppermost Nantuo Formation are followed by an overall increase in δ^13C up-section. Carbon isotope values vary between -9.9‰ and 3.6‰ for carbonate and between -35.6‰ and -21.5‰ for organic carbon, respectively. Heavier δ^13Ccarb values suggest an increase in organic carbon burial, possibly related to increasing productivity （such as the Weng＇an biota）. The δ^13C values of the sediments from the Doushantuo Formation decreased from the platform via the slope to basin, reflecting a reduced environment with minor dissolved inorganic carbon possibly due to a lower primary productivity. It is deduced that the classical upwelling process, the stratification structure and the hydrothermal eruption are principally important mechanisms to interpret the carbon isotopic compositions of the sediments from the Doushantuo Formation.

关键词： Late Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation organic carbon isotopic composition the yangtze Platform

ASF1 regulates asexual and sexual reproduction in Stemphylium eturmiunum by DJ-1 stimulation of the pi3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Fungal Diversity 2023年第6期123卷 159-176页

作者： Shi Wang Xiaoman Liu Chenlin Xiong Susu Gao Wenmeng Xu Lili Zhao Chunyan Song Xiaoyong Liu Timothy y.james Zhuang Li Xiuguo Zhang College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-1048USA

Most fungi display a mixed mating system with both asexual and sexual *** timing of the two modes of reproduction must be carefully coordinated through signal perception and coordination in the cell along with chromatin ***,we investigated coordination of reproductive output by investigating the function of the histone chaper-one anti-silencing factor 1(ASF1)in a fungal species amenable to characterization of both asexual and sexual *** used knockout approach to show that SeASF1 influenced asexual and sexual reproduction in Stemphylium ***1-deleted strains failed to produce pseudothecia,but produce abnormal conidia and showed an irregular distribution of nuclei in *** sequencing was then used to identify genes with altered expression in the SeASF1-deleted *** transcriptional expression of the identified SeDJ-1 was strongly regulated by *** interaction of SeDJ-1 and SeASF1 was confirmed using y2H,Co-IP,and *** to some components of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(pi3K/AKT)signaling pathway were known to interact with DJ-1 in mammals,we verified Sepi3K,an element of pi3K/AKT signaling pathway in ***,was directly linked to SeDJ-1 and then these two proteins were defined as a coordinator of ***,knockout of SeDJ-1 or Sepi3K altered the asexual and sexual repro-duction,but Sepi3K recovered the asexual and sexual development of∆*** SeDJ-1-M6 segment of SeDJ-1 was essential for its interaction with Sepi3K and played a critical role in restoring sexual reproduction in the∆Sepi3k,providing a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanism of SeDJ-1 in *** ***,SeASF1 is able to trigger SeDJ-1 and SeDJ-1can also activate Sepi3K,which is orchestrally involved in asexual and sexual reproduction in *** these results reveal that SeASF1 manipulates asexual and sexual reproduction in *** by SeDJ

关键词： ASF1 DJ-1 Stemphylium eturmiunum pi3K/AKT signaling pathway Asexual and sexual reproduction

Region-specific microRNA signatures in the human epididymis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 539-544页

作者： james A Browne Shih-Hsing Leir Scott E Eggener Ann Harris Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Human Molecular Genetics Program Lurie Children＇s Research CenterChicagoIL 60614USA Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Section of Urology University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60611USA.

The epithelium of the human epididymis maintains an appropriate luminal environment for sperm maturation that is essential for male fertility. Regional expression of small noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs contributes to segment-specific gene expression and differentiated functions. MicroRNA profiles were reported in human epididymal tissues but not specifically in the epithelial cells derived from those regions. Here, we reveal miRNA signatures of primary cultures of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis epithelial cells and of the tissues from which they were derived. We identify 324 epithelial cell-derived microRNAs and 259 tissue-derived microRNAs in the epididymis, some of which displayed regionalized expression patterns in cells and/or tissues. Caput cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-573 and miR-155. Cauda cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-1204 and miR-770. Next, we determined the gene ontology pathways associated with in silico predicted target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs. The effect of androgen receptor stimulation on miRNA expression was also investigated. These data show novel epithelial cell-derived miRNAs that may regulate the expression of important gene networks that are responsible for the regionalized gene expression and function of the epididymis.

关键词： caput cauda corpus human epididymis microRNA

Design of Poiseuille Flow Controllers Using the Method of Inequalities

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2009年第1期6卷 14-21页

作者： John McKernan james F. Whidborne George Papadakis Department of Mechanical Engineering King s College London Strand Department of Aerospace Sciences Cranfield University

This paper investigates the use of the method of inequalities （MoI） to design output-feedback compensators for the problem of the control of instabilities in a laminar plane Poiseuille flow. In common with many flows, the dynamics of streamwise vortices in plane Poiseuille flow are very non-normal. Consequently, small perturbations grow rapidly with a large transient that may trigger nonlinearities and lead to turbulence even though such perturbations would, in a linear flow model, eventually decay. Such a system can be described as a conditionally linear system. The sensitivity is measured using the maximum transient energy growth, which is widely used in the fluid dynamics community. The paper considers two approaches. In the first approach, the MoI is used to design low-order proportional and proportional-integral （pi） controllers. In the second one, the MoI is combined with McFarlane and Glover＇s H∞ loop-shaping design procedure in a mixed-optimization approach.

关键词： Transient energy growth transient behaviour flow control Poiseuille flow method of inequalities (MoI) mixed opti-mization H∞-optimization.

Relationships between soil moisture and dust emissions in a bare sandy soil of Mongolia

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Particuology 2016年第5期14卷 131-137页

作者： Erdenebayar Munkhtsetseg Masato Shinoda John A. Gillies Reiji Kimura james King George Nikolich National University of Mongolia Peace Avenue 14/3 Sukhbaatar District 8 Ulaanbaatar 14191 Mongolia Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8601 Nagoya Japan Desert Research Institute 2215 Raggio Parkway Reno NV 89512 USA Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Hamasaka 1390 Tottori 680-0001 Japan Departement de geographie Universite de Montreal Pavilion 520 chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine Montreal QC H3 C 3J7 Canada Desert Research Institute 755 E. Flamingo Road Las Vegas NV 89119. USA

This study presents experimental results of the change in threshold friction velocity and dust emission strength as a function of soil moisture content. The dust and soil moisture data were obtained from irrigated plots of a bare, sandy soil （no vegetation） situated in the Mongolian steppe. Dust flux was measured using the pi-SWERL^（R） device, while soil moisture was measured using gravimetric methods. Our results demonstrate the strong controlling effects of soil moisture on both the threshold friction velocity and dust emission strengths. Threshold friction velocity increased from 0.44 m/s for dry soil （0.002 g/g） to 0.67 m/s for wet soil （0.06 g/g）, confirming the importance of soil moisture for controlling dust events. Dust emission strength was significantly depressed for wet soils, starting at a soil moisture value of 0.02 g/g. From these results, we developed a simple dust diagram that may be useful as part of a warning system to identify initial sensitivity to threshold conditions as well as conditions that could lead to potentially significant dust emissions. Overall, the research findings in this study could be used to provide foreknowledge of conditions that would be conducive to high dust emissions for this area of Mongolia.

关键词： Threshold friction velocity Simple dust diagram Dust emission Absence of vegetation Mini wind tunnel

Overexpression of OsPAP10a, A Root-Associated Acid Phosphatase, Increased Extracellular Organic Phosphorus Utilization in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第9期54卷 631-639页

作者： Jingluan Tian Chuang Wang Qian Zhang Xiaowei He james Whelan Huixia Shou State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China joint Research Laboratory in Genomics and Nutriomics College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China present address:Guangdong Academy of Forestry Guangzhou 510520China Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009WAAustralia

Phosphorus （P） deficiency is a major limitation for plant growth and development. Among the wide set of responses to cope with low soil P, plants increase their level of intracellular and secreted acid phosphatases （APases）, which helps to catalyze inorganic phosphate （pi） hydrolysis from organophosphates, in this study we characterized the rice （Oryza sativa） purple acid phosphatase 10a （OsPApiOa）. OsPApiOa belongs to group la of purple acid phosphatases （PAPs）, and clusters with the principal secreted PAPs in a variety of plant species including Arabidopsis. The transcript abundance of OsPApiOa is specifically induced by.pi deficiency and is controlled by OsPHR2, the central transcription factor controlling pi homeostasis. In gel activity assays of root and shoot protein extracts, it was revealed that OsPApiOa is a major acid phosphatase isoform induced by.pi starvation. Constitutive overexpression of OsPApiOa results in a significant increase of phosphatase activity in both shoot and root protein extracts. In vivo root 5-bromo.4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate （BCIP） assays and activity measurements on external media showed that OsPApiOa is a root-associated APase. Furthermore, overexpression of OsPApiOa significantly improved ATP hydrolysis and utilization compared with wild type plants. These results indicate that OsPApiOa can potentially be used for crop breeding to improve the efficiency of P use.

关键词： Purple acid phosphatase phosphate rice OsPApiOa root-associated APase.

Photoelectrochemical evaluation of SILAR-deposited nanoporous BiVO4 photoanodes for solar-driven water splitting

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第3期2卷 227-234页

作者： Siti Nur'ain Haji yassin Adrian Soong Leong Sim james Robert Jennings Faculty of Science Universiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkBE 1410Brunei Darussalam

We report a photoelectrochemical investigation of BiVO4 photoanodes prepared by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction(SILAR),a facile method that yields uniform nanoporous *** characterization of the phase,morphology,composition,and optical properties of the prepared films,the efficiencies of charge separation(ηsep)and water oxidation(ηox)in solar water splitting cells employing these photoanodes were estimated following a previously reported *** wavelength and illumination direction dependencies were discovered in the derived efficiencies,casting doubt on the validity of the *** alternative approach using a diffusion–reaction model that explicitly considers the efficiency of electron collection resolved the discrepancies and explained the illumination direction dependence of the *** diffusion lengths(Ln)of 0.45μm and 0.55μm were derived for pristine and cobalt phosphate(Co-pi)modified BiVO4,respectively,which are much shorter than the film thickness of^2.1μ*** Co-pi treatment also increasedηoxfrom 0.86 to^1,which is the main reason for the overall performance enhancement caused by adding *** findings suggest that there is little scope for improving the performance of SILAR-deposited BiVO4 photoanodes by further catalyzing water oxidation,but enhanced performance is achievable if electron transport can be improved.

关键词： Bismuth vanadate BiVO4 Solar water splitting Electron diffusion length Charge collection efficiency Water oxidation efficiency Charge separation efficiency

Induction of avirulence by AVR-pita1 in virulent U.S. field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae’

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The Crop Journal 2014年第1期2卷 1-9页

作者： yuntao Dai Eugenia Winston james C.Correll yulin Jia Department of Plant Pathology University of Arkansas USDA Agricultural Research Service Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center USDA Agriculture Research Service Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center

The AVR-pita1 gene,from the Chinese isolate O-137 of Magnaporthe oryzae,is an effector that determines the efficacy of the pi-ta rice blast resistance *** the present study,the avirulence function of AVR-pita1 was induced by transformation of field isolates(TM2,ZN19,B2 and B8)that originally were collected from the *** are virulent on pi-ta-carrying rice *** presence of AVR-pita1 from O-137 in independent transformants was detected by PCR using AVR-pita1 specific primers and verified by DNA sequencing and Southern blot analysis using the AVR-pita1 coding region as a *** results of pathogenicity assays showed that the AVR-pita1-transformed isolates were not able to infect rice cultivars Katy and Drew carrying *** isolates that were transformed with inserts lacking the AVR-pita1gene remained *** findings demonstrate that AVR-pita1 can be used to induce novel gene-specific blast resistance in nature.

关键词： Avirulence gene AVR-pita1 pi-ta Rice blast resistance