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The sexually dimorp.ic exp.ession of glutamate transp.rters and their imp.ication in p.in after sp.nal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tap.as Iris K.Salgado Jose M.santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina p.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.p.gan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Dep.rtment of p.ysiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of p.erto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of p.tients develop.p.in after sp.nal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that p.asticity within the rostral,ep.center,and caudal p.numbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interp.ay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neurop.thic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transp.rters are resp.nsible for the reup.ake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to p.event neuronal hyp.rexcitability and *** p.evious studies showed a sexually dimorp.ic therap.utic window for sp.nal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen recep.or modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with sp.nal cord *** hyp.thesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the exp.ession of glutamate transp.rters,leading to reduced hyp.rexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic sp.nal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix p.llets as a control(p.acebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up.down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with sp.nal cord injury revealing a sexdep.ndent *** exp.ession p.ofile of glutamatergic transp.rters(excitatory amino acid transp.rter 1/glutamate asp.rtate transp.rter and excitatory amino acid transp.rter 2/glutamate transp.rter-1)revealed a sexual dimorp.ism in the rostral,ep.center,and caudal areas of the sp.nal cord with a p.ttern of exp.ession p.imarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transp.rter-1 exp.ession while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neurop.thic p.in EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transp.rters selective estrogen recep.or modulator sexual dimorp.ism sp.nal cord injury trauma

Treating amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case rep.rt

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： p.scal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili p.tricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.p.Goldschmidt Damien D.p.arse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi james D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami p.oject to Cure p.ralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is p.ogressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,imp.rtant signaling and p.tential trop.ic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case rep.rt describes the treatment of a p.tient with advanced amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male p.tient p.esented with a 1.5-year history of rap.dly p.ogressive amyotrop.ic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the p.tient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium p.enylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis,and *** p.tient volunteered to p.rticip.te in an FDA-ap.roved single-p.tient exp.nded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to p.tentially restore imp.ired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis p.tient via sural nerve biop.y ap.eared imp.ired(senescent)and that exp.sure of the p.tient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured exp.nded from a cadaver donor imp.oved their growth cap.city in *** a p.riod of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and p.lmonary function were regularly monitored,the p.tient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s p.osp.ate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

A p.p.lational survey of 45S rDNA p.lymorp.ism in the Jefferson salamander Ambystoma jeffersonianum revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)

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Current Zoology 2009年第2期55卷 145-149页

作者： james p. BOGART Dep.rtment of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntario N1G 2W1Canada

The chromosomal localization of 45S ribosomal RNA genes in Ambystoma jeffersonianum was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA fragment as a p.obe (FISH-rDNA). Our results revealed the p.esence of rDNA p.lymorp.ism among *** p.p.lations in terms of number,location and FISH signal intensity on the chromosomes. Nine rDNA cytotyp.s were found in ten geograp.ically isolated p.p.lations and most of them contained derivative rDNA sites. Our p.eliminary study p.ovides strong indication of karyotyp.c diversification of *** that is demonstrated by intrasp.cific variation of 45S rDNA cytotyp.s. rDNA cytotyp. p.lymorp.ism has been described in many other caudate amp.ibians. We p.edict that habitat isolation,low disp.rsal ability and decline of effective p.p.lation size could facilitate the fixation and accumulation of variable rDNA cytotyp.s during their chromosome evolution.

关键词： rDNA p.lymorp.ism Jefferson salamander Ambystoma jeffersonianum Fluorescence in situ hybridization FISH-rDNA

A p.larizing situation： Taking an in-p.ane p.rsp.ctive for next-generation near-field studies

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2016年第2期11卷 1-17页

作者： p. james Schuck Wel Bao Nicholas J. Borys Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA

By enabling the p.obing of light-matter interactions at the functionally relevant length scales of most materials, near-field op.ical imaging and sp.ctroscop. accesses information that is unobtainable with other methods. The advent of ap.rtureless techniques, which exp.oit the ultralocalized and enhanced near-fields created by sharp.metallic tip. or p.asmonic nanop.rticles, has resulted in rap.d adop.ion of near-field ap.roaches for studying novel materials and p.enomena, with sp.tial resolution ap.roaching sub-molecular levels. However, these ap.roaches are generally limited by the dominant out-of-p.ane p.larization resp.nse of ap.rtureless tip., restricting the exp.oration and discovery of many material p.op.rties. This has led to recent design and fabrication breakthroughs in near-field tip. engineered sp.cifically for enhancing in-p.ane interactions with near-field light comp.nents. This mini-review p.ovides a p.rsp.ctive on recent p.ogress and emerging directions aimed at utilizing and controlling in-p.ane op.ical p.larization, highlighting key ap.lication sp.ces where in-p.ane near-field tip.resp.nses have enabled recent advancements in the understanding and develop.ent of new nanostructured materials and devices.

关键词： near-field op.ical microscop. nano-op.ics TERS p.asmonics op.ical antenna 2D materials

Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel op.rated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： M. LOGANATHAN A. VELMURUGAN TOM p.GE E. james GUNASEKARAN p. TAMILARASAN Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India p.oduct Design and Manufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rap.d dep.etion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this p.p.r, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to op.rate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was sup.lied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection p.essure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion p.rameters like heat release rate （HRR）, ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of p.essure rise （ROp.）, cumulative heat release rate （CHR）, and cyclic p.essure fluctuations were measured. The HRR p.ak p.essure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, while combustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cyclic p.essure variation also increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (EGR),diesel combustion heat release rate (HRR) combustionduration

3ecip.ering the p.otein-DNA code of bacteria Ninged helix-turn-helix transcrip.ion factors

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2018年第1期6卷 68-84页

作者： Adam p. Joyce james J. Havranek p.ogram in Develop.ental Regenerative and Stem Cell Biology Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63110 USA Dep.rtment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biop.ysics Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63110 USA

Background： Sequence-sp.cific binding by transcrip.ion factors （TFs） p.ays a significant role in the selection and regulation of target genes. At the p.otein：DNA interface, amino acid side-chains construct a diverse p.ysicochemical network of sp.cific and non-sp.cific interactions, and seemingly subtle changes in amino acid identity at certain p.sitions may dramatically imp.ct TF：DNA binding. Variation of these sp.cificity-determining residues （SDRs） is a major mechanism of functional divergence between TFs with strong structural or sequence homology. Methods： In this study, we emp.oyed a combination of high-throughp.t sp.cificity p.ofiling by SELEX and Sp.c-seq, structural modeling, and evolutionary analysis to p.obe the binding p.eferences of winged helix-turn-helix TFs belonging to the Omp. sub-family in Escherichia coil Results： We found that E. coli Omp. p.ralogs recognize tandem, variably sp.ced rep.ats comp.sed of＂GT-A＂ or ＂GCT＂-containing half-sites. Some divergent sequence p.eferences observed within the ＂GT-A＂ mode correlate with amino acid similarity; conversely, ＂GCT＂-based motifs were observed for a subset of p.ralogs with low sequence homology. Direct sp.cificity p.ofiling of a subset of Omp. homologues （Cp.R, RstA, and Omp.） as well as p.edicted ＂SDR-swap. variants revealed that individual SDRs may imp.ct sequence p.eferences locally through direct contact with DNA bases or distally via the DNA backbone. Conclusions： Overall, our work p.ovides evidence for a common structural code for sequence-sp.cific wHTH：DNA interactions, and demonstrates that surp.isingly modest residue changes can enable recognition of highly divergent sequence motifs. Further examination of SDR p.edictions will likely reveal additional mechanisms controlling the evolutionary divergence of this imp.rtant class of transcrip.ional regulators.

关键词： transcrip.ion factor SELEX winged helix-turn-helix sp.cificity detenlainants two-comp.nent signaling

Restoration of the Western Himalaya： imp.ications for metamorp.ic p.otoliths, thrust and normal faulting, and channel flow models

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Ep.sodes 2007年第4期30卷 242-257页

作者： Michael p. Searle Ben Step.enson james Walker Christian Walker Dep.. Earth Sciences Oxford University Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PR UK Shell Canada Energy 400 - 4th Ave. SW Calgary Alberta T2P 2H5 Canada Imp.rial Oil Resources ExxonMobil 237 4th Ave. SW Calgary Alberta T2P 3M9 Canada CHp.Consulting London EC2N 2HA UK

The Greater Himalayan Sequence （GHS） is comp.sed of a sequence of Barrovianfacies metamorp.ic rocks up.to kyanite or sillimanite ＋ K-feldsp.r grade, migmatites, layered stromatic migmatites and leucogranite sheets. These rocks were metamorp.osed during the late Eocene to early Miocene, and are bounded below by a large-scale SW-vergent ductile shear zone-thrust fault （Main Central Thrust; MCT）, and above by a NE-dip.ing low-angle normal sense shear zone and fault （Zanskar Shear Zone; ZSZ）,

关键词：变形原岩喜玛拉雅山断层作用地质模型

p.p.lation structuring of the ubiquitous stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula in southern Brazil as revealed by microsatellite and mitochondrial markers

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 877-890页

作者： Flavio O. Francisco Leandro R. santiago Yuri M. Mizusawa Benjamin p. Oldroyd Maria C. Arias Dep.rtamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biociencias Universidade de Sao Paulo Rua do MatZo 277 - sala 320Sao Paulo SP Brazi Behaviour and Genetics of Social Insects Lab School of Life and Environmental Sciences A 12 University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia

Tetragonisca angustula is one of the most widesp.ead stingless bees in the Neotrop.cs. This sp.cies swarms frequently and is extremely successful in urban envi- ronments. In addition, it is one of the most p.p.lar stingless bee sp.cies for beekeep.ng in Latin America, so nest transp.rtation and trading is common. Nest transp.rtation can change the genetic structure of the host p.p.lation, reducing inbreeding and increasing homogenization. Here, we evaluate the genetic structure of 17 geograp.ic p.p.lations of T. angustula in southern Brazil to quantify the level of genetic differentiation between p.p.lations. Analyses were conducted on p.rtially sequenced mitochondrial genes and 11 microsatellite loci of 1002 workers from 457 sites distributed on the mainland and on 3 islands. Our results show that T. angustula p.p.lations are highly differentiated as demon- strated by mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） and microsatellite markers. Of 73 hap.otyp.s, 67 were p.p.lation-sp.cific. MtDNA diversity was low in 9 p.p.lations but microsatellite diversity was moderate to high in all p.p.lations. Microsatellite data suggest 10 genetic clusters and low level of gene flow throughout the studied area. However, p.ysical barri- ers, such as rivers and mountain ranges, or the p.esence or absence of forest ap.ear to be unrelated to p.p.lation clusters. Factors such as low disp.rsal, different ecological con- ditions, and isolation by distance are most likely shap.ng the p.p.lation structure of this sp.cies. Thus far, nest transp.rtation has not influenced the general p.p.lation structure in the studied area. However, due to the genetic structure we found, we recommend that nest transp.rtation should only occur within and between p.p.lations that are genetically similar.

关键词： genetic structure islands Melip.nini microsatellites mtDNA nest transp.rtation

Seasonal Dynamics of Turbidity Maximum in the Muthup.t Estuary, India

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第5期14卷 765-777页

作者： p.IYA K.L. JEGATHAMBAL p. james E.J. School of Civil Engineering Karunya University

Results are p.esented of the longitudinal and vertical p.ofiling of salinity and susp.nded p.rticulate matter(Sp.) at the Muthup.t estuary, India, during a one year p.riod under widely varying freshwater flow conditions. Freshwater flow was available during p.st-monsoon and monsoon. An up.estuary shift in the location of estuarine turbidity maxima(ETM) was observed during the transition from p.st-monsoon to p.e-monsoon and further it shifted downstream during the transition from p.e-monsoon to monsoon, thereby exhibiting a p.onounced seasonal cycle. The salinity intrusion was dep.ndent on the freshwater discharge and was exp.essed as a p.wer function of freshwater flow, exp.aining 97% of the variance. The formation of a salt p.ug in Muthup.t estuary and its seasonal dynamics were observed, which is not an identified feature of any of the Indian estuaries studied so far. The geograp.ical p.sitions of salt p.ug and ETM core were more or less the same during their formation. The occurrence of two ETM during the LW of p.st-monsoon and the absence of ETM during monsoon exp.ains the strong seasonal variation in the formation of ETM. The p.imary factor affecting the formation of ETM was identified as the freshwater flow over an annual cycle; the resusp.nsion of sediments by tidal current affecting the formation on a flood/ebb cycle was secondary. The extent of shift of ETM was found to be an inverse logarithmic function of the freshwater discharge. The sep.ration between ETM intrusion and salinity intrusion increased two fold with the increase in ETM intrusion.

关键词： estuarine turbidity maximum salinity intrusion susp.nded p.rticulate matter salt p.ug Muthup.t estuary, India