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Zircon Zr isotope fractionation during crustal anatexis

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2495-2506页

作者： Erlin ZHU Qiongxia XIA Zhaoya LI Renxu CHEN james van orman School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Hefei 230026China Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland OH 44106USA

Zirconium is one of high field strength elements but its isotope behavior during geochemical processes is still uncertain because of the limited *** Zr isotopes in magmatic rocks are often used to trace the evolution of magmas through fractional crystallization,it is intriguing how highly heterogeneous Zr isotopes were produced by the growth of zircon during crustal *** address this issue by in-situ zircon Zr isotope analyses of migmatites from two high-temperature metamorphic terranes in the South Lhasa zone and the North Dabie zone,respectively,in *** results show highly variable δ^(94)Zr values from-0.30‰ to +0.81‰ and from-0.58‰ to +0.49‰,*** addition to the relict zircon of magmatic origin,two types of newly-grown zircons were identified in terms of their occurrences,trace elements and δ^(94)Zr *** peritectic zircon,mainly occurring in the in-situ leucosomes,exhibits the highest Nb-Ta-Hf-U contents and variably higher δ^(94)Zr values than those of the relict *** anatectic zircon,mainly occurring in the leucocratic veins,shows higher Nb-Ta-Hf-U contents than and similar δ^(94)Zr values to those of the relict *** calculations demonstrate that the variable Zr isotope compositions of newly-grown zircons would result from decoupled release of Zr from zircon and non-zircon *** Zr supply of the peritectic zircon is mainly derived from the decomposition of Zr-bearing minerals in the in-situ anatectic melt(the non-zircon effect),whereas the Zr supply of the anatectic zircon is mainly from the dissolution of pre-existing zircons in the evolved melt(the zircon effect).The significant Zr isotope variations in the migmatites well illustrate the generation,migration and accumulation of the anatectic melts during the partial ***,Zr isotopes can be used as a powerful means for distinguishing between the peritectic and anatectic zircons during crustal anatexis.

关键词： Zr isotopes Zircon effect Non-zircon effect Migmatite Crustal anatexis

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地壳深熔过程中锆石的Zr同位素分馏

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第8期54卷 2534-2545页

作者：朱二林夏琼霞李赵雅陈仁旭 james van orman 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院合肥230026 中国科学技术大学岩石圈演化与环境演变全国重点实验室合肥230026 行星探索与前瞻性技术前沿科学中心合肥230026 Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland OH 44106USA

锆(Zr)作为高场强元素之一,由于有限的Zr同位素数据库,地质演化过程中的Zr同位素行为仍然存在许多疑问.岩浆体系中Zr同位素常用于示踪岩浆分异过程,而对于地壳深熔过程中Zr同位素分异与锆石结晶过程之间的关系仍有待研究.本研究对采自... 详细信息

锆(Zr)作为高场强元素之一,由于有限的Zr同位素数据库,地质演化过程中的Zr同位素行为仍然存在许多疑问.岩浆体系中Zr同位素常用于示踪岩浆分异过程,而对于地壳深熔过程中Zr同位素分异与锆石结晶过程之间的关系仍有待研究.本研究对采自南拉萨和北大别两个高温变质地体的混合岩进行了锆石原位Zr同位素分析,结果显示出较大的同位素分馏,δ^(94)/^(90)ZrIPGP值(标记为δ^(94)Zr)变化范围分别为-0.30‰~+0.81‰和-0.58‰~+0.49‰.在这些锆石中,除岩浆源区的残留锆石外,发现有两类新生锆石.根据寄主岩石的类型、锆石的微量元素含量和Zr同位素值,新生锆石可以分为两类:第一类是主要赋存于原位浅色体中的转熔锆石,具有最高的铌(Nb)-钽(Ta)-铪(Hf)-铀(U)含量,其δ^(94)Zr值变化范围较大,并显著高于残留锆石δ^(94)Zr值;第二类是主要赋存于异位浅色脉体中的深熔锆石,具有较高的Nb-Ta-Hf-U含量,其δ^(94)Zr值与残留锆石相似.数值模拟计算表明,新生锆石的Zr同位素组成变化较大,主要是部分熔融过程中锆石和非锆石相的差异分解所释放的Zr同位素不同而导致的.转熔锆石的Zr主要来自于原位深熔熔体中含锆矿物相的分解(非锆石效应),而深熔锆石的Zr主要来自于演化熔体中残留锆石的溶解(锆石效应).混合岩中显著的Zr同位素分馏很好地反映了部分熔融过程中深熔熔体生成-迁移-聚集-结晶的动力学过程.因此,Zr同位素可以作为区分地壳深熔过程中转熔锆石和深熔锆石的有力工具.

关键词： Zr同位素锆石效应非锆石效应混合岩地壳深熔作用

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伟晶岩形成过程中岩浆-热液体系的Zr同位素示踪

伟晶岩形成过程中岩浆-热液体系的Zr同位素示踪

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2023年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者：朱二林夏琼霞张少兵 james van orman 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室 Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary Sciences Case Western Reserve University

Zr同位素在示踪岩浆分异演化方面具有广阔的前景。在岩浆形成和演化过程中,Zr同位素的变化可以很好的反映岩浆分异过程中的热力学以及矿物结晶动力学演化。然而,对于晚期岩浆-热液体系中,流体和熔体之间的Zr同位素分馏仍然知之甚少。伟... 详细信息

Zr同位素在示踪岩浆分异演化方面具有广阔的前景。在岩浆形成和演化过程中,Zr同位素的变化可以很好的反映岩浆分异过程中的热力学以及矿物结晶动力学演化。然而,对于晚期岩浆-热液体系中,流体和熔体之间的Zr同位素分馏仍然知之甚少。伟晶岩通常被认为是花岗质岩浆分异的最终产物,它同时具有岩浆和热液体系的地球化学特征。

关键词：同位素热液锆石伟晶岩

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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian Zhang Vikas Thamizharasan james Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

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james Hogarth Pringle and his time-honored maneuver

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 391-392页

作者： Thomas M.van Gulik Department of Surgery Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

The classical method to control blood loss during parenchymal transection of the liver is the Pringle *** his landmark article in the Annals of Surgery in 1908,james Hogarth Pringle occluded the afferent vessels to the liver by compressing the hepatoduodenal ligament between his thumb and index finger(1).He applied this maneuver in eight patients who required emergency laparotomy for major hemorrhage after severe liver *** he succeeded in controlling blood loss,the eight patients he described unfortunately all *** outcome did not prevent the Annals of Surgery from publishing his report after which james Hogarth Pringle was ready to enter the‘Hall of Fame’.Vascular inflow occlusion,applied in a continuous or intermittent fashion,became the mainstay technique for reducing blood loss during liver transection,and has remained so in the present era of laparoscopic and robotic liver resection(2).

关键词： Pringle Surgery patients

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Template-assisted growth of Co-BaTiO_(3) vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films with strong magneto-optical coupling effect

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3130-3138页

作者： Zedong Hu Juanjuan Lu Hongyi Dou Jianan Shen james PBarnard Juncheng Liu Xinghang Zhang Haiyan Wang School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

Oxide-metal based nanocomposite thin films have attracted great interests owing to their unique anisotropic structure and physical properties.A wide range of Au-based oxide-metal nanocomposites have been demonstrated,while other metal systems are scarce due to the challenges in the initial nucleation and growth as well as possible interdiffusions of the metallic *** this work,a unique anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)template was used to grow a thin Co seed layer and the following self-assembled metal-oxide(Co-BaTiO_(3))vertically aligned nanocomposite thin film *** AAO template allows the uniform growth of Co-seeds and successfully deposition of highly ordered Co pillars(with diametervantage of such a unique nanostructure,a large out-of-plane(OP)coercive field(Hc)of~5000 Oe has been achieved,making the nanocomposite an ideal candidate for high density perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction(p-MTJ).A strong polar magneto-optical Kerr effect(MOKE)has also been observed which inspires a novel optical-based reading method of the MTJ states.

关键词： vertically aligned nanocomposite(van) Co BaTiO_(3) thin film magneto-optical coupling magnetic anisotropy

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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo Luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen Lan Huu Shedrawy Jad L?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh van Dinh Luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew james National Lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;P<0.001). This resulted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;P<0.001) and experiencing TB-related stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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Vegetation Geo-climatic Zonation in the Rocky Mountains, Northern Utah, USA

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 656-673页

作者： Antonin KUSBACH Helga van MIEGROET Janis L.BOETTINGER james N.LONG Department of Wildland Resources and Ecology Center Utah State University Utah State University Department of Forest Botany Dendrology and Geobiocoenology Mendel University in Brno

We developed a vegetation geo-climatic zonation incorporating the zonal concept, gradient and discriminant analysis in Wasatch Range, northern Utah, USA. Mountainous forest ecosystems were sampled and described by vegetation, physiographic features and soil properties. The Snowpack Telemetry and National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program weather station networks were used to approximate the climate of sample plots. We analysed vegetation and environmental data using clustering, ordination, classification, and ANOVA techniques to reveal environmental gradients affecting a broad vegetation pattern and discriminate these gradients. The specific objective was to assess and classify the response of the complex vegetation to those environmental factors operating at a coarse-scale climatic level. Ordination revealed the dominant role of regional, altitude-based climate in the area. Based on vegetation physiognomy, represented by five tree species, climatic data and taxonomic classification of zonal soils, we identified two vegetation geo-climatic zones:(1) a montane zone, with Rocky Mountain juniper and Douglas-fir; and(2) a subalpine zone, with Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir as climatic climax species. Aspen was excluded from the zonation due to its great ecological amplitude. We found significant differences between the zones in regional climate and landformgeomorphology/soils. Regional climate was represented by elevation, precipitation, and air and soil temperatures; and geomorphology by soil types. This coarse-scale vegetation geo-climatic zonation provides a framework for a comprehensive ecosystem survey, which is missing in the central Rocky Mountains of the United States. The vegetation-geoclimatic zonation represents a conceptual improvement on earlier classifications. This framework explicitly accounts for the influence of the physical environment on the distribution of vegetation within a complex landscape typical of the central Rocky Mountains an

关键词： Ecological classification Ecosystemsurvey Land classification Zonal concept Vegetation zone Vegetation geo-dimatic zone Climate change

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Defining the Mitochondrial Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1310-1324页

作者： Olivier van Aken Botao Zhang Chris Carrie Vindya Uggalla Ellen Paynter Estelle Giraud james Whelan ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology MCS Building M316 University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 Western AustraliaAustralia

To obtain a global overview of how mitochondria respond to stress, we aimed to define the plant mitochondrial stress response （MSR）. By combining a set of 1196 Arabidopsis thaliana genes that putatively encode mitochondrial proteins with 16 microarray experiments on stress-related conditions, 45 nuclear encoded genes were defined as widely stress-responsive. Using green fluorescent protein （GFP） fusion assays, the mitochondrial targeting of a large number of these proteins was tested, confirming in total 26 proteins as mitochondrially targeted. Several of these proteins were observed to be dual targeted to mitochondria and plastids, including the small heat shock proteins sHSP23.5 and sHSP23.6. In addition to the well defined stress components of mitochondria, such as alternative oxidases, nicotinamide adenine dinudeotide （NAD（P）H） dehydrogenases, and heat shock proteins, a variety of other proteins, many with unknown function, were identified. The mitochondrial carrier protein family was over-represented in the stress-responsive genes, suggesting that stress induces altered needs for metabolite transport across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Although the genes encoding many of these proteins contain common cis-acting regulatory elements, it was apparent that a number of distinct regulatory processes or signals likely triggered the MSR. Therefore, these genes provide new model systems to study mitochondrial retrograde regulation, in addition to the widely used alternative oxidase model. Additionally, as changes in proteins responsive to stress did not correlate well with changes at a transcript level, it suggests that post-transcriptional mechanisms also play an important role in defining the MSR.

关键词： Mitochondrial Stress Response (MSR) Arabidopsis thaliana

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Anterograde and Retrograde Regulation of Nuclear Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Proteins during Growth, Development, and Stress

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1075-1093页

作者： Sophia Ng Inge De Clercqc Olivier van Akena Simon R. Lawd Aneta Ivanovad Patrick Willems Estelle Giraud Frank van Breusegem james Wheland ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology University of Western Australia Australia Joint Research Laboratory in Genomics and Nutriomics College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 RR. China Department of Plant Systems Biology VIB and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 927 B-9052 Gent Belgium Department of Botany ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology School of Life Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3086Victoria Australia Department of Medical Protein Research and Department of Biochemistry 9000 Ghent Belgium Present address: Illumina ANZ 1 International Court Scoresby Victoria 3179 Australia

Mitochondrial biogenesis and function in plants require the expression of over 1000 nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins （NGEMPs）. The expression of these genes is regulated by tissue-specific, developmental, internal, and external stimuli that result in a dynamic organelle involved in both metabolic and a variety of signaling processes. Although the metabolic and biosynthetic machinery of mitochondria is relatively well understood, the factors that regu- late these processes and the various signaling pathways involved are only beginning to be identified at a molecular level. The molecular components of anterograde （nuclear to mitochondrial） and retrograde （mitochondrial to nuclear） signaling pathways that regulate the expression of NGEMPs interact with chloroplast-, growth-, and stress-signaling pathways in the cell at a variety of levels, with common components involved in transmission and execution of these signals. This positions mitochondria as important hubs for signaling in the cell, not only in direct signaling of mitochondrial function per se, but also in sensing and/or integrating a variety of other internal and external signals. This integrates and optimizes growth with energy metabolism and stress responses, which is required in both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic cells.

关键词： mitochondria mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) organellar crosstalk signaling.

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