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Nationwide retrospective study of hepatitis B virological response and liver stiffness improvement in 465 patients on nucleos(t)ide analogue

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第31期28卷 4390-4398页

作者： Alnoor Ramji Karen Doucette Curtis Cooper Gerald Yosel Minuk Mang Ma Alexander wong David wong Edward Tam Brian Conway David Truong Philip wong Lisa Barrett Hin Hin Ko Sarah Haylock-Jacobs Nishi Patel Gilaad G Kaplan Scott fung Carla S Coffin Department of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver v6t 1z3Canada Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton t6g 2r7Canada Department of Medicine The Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawa ON K1H 8L6Canada Department of Medicine University of ManitobaWinnipeg r3e 3j7Canada Department of Medicine University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon s7n 5e5Canada Department of Medicine University Health NetworkToronto m5g 2c4Canada Pacific Gastroenterology Associates Vancouver v6z 2k5Canada Vancouver Infectious Disease Centre Vancouver v6z 2c7Canada Department of Medicine McGill UniversityMontreal h3a 0g4Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie UniversityHalifax b3h 4r2Canada Cumming School of Medicine University of CalgaryCalgary t2n 1n4Canada

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus(HBV)nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)therapy reduces liver disease but requires prolonged therapy to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)*** is limited North American real-world data using non-invasive tools for fibrosis assessment and few have compared 1st generation NA or lamivudine(LAM)to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF).AIM To assess impact of NA on virological response and fibrosis regression using liver stiffness measurement(LSM)(i.e.,FibroScan®).METHODS Retrospective,observational cohort study from the Canadian HBV *** collected included demographics,NA,HBV DNA,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and *** were HBV monoinfected patients,treatment naïve,and received 1 NA with minimum 1 year *** In 465(median 49 years,37%female,35%hepatitis B e antigen+at baseline,84%Asian,6%White,and 9%Black).Percentage of 64(n=299)received TDF and 166 were LAM-treated with similar median duration of 3.9 and 3.7 years,*** mean baseline LSM was 11.2 kPa(TDF)vs 8.3 kPa(LAM)(P=0.003).At 5-year follow-up,the mean LSM was 7.0 kPa in TDF vs 6.7 kPa in LAM(P=0.83).There was a significant difference in fibrosis regression between groups(i.e.,mean-4.2 kPa change in TDF and-1.6 kPa in LAM,P<0.05).The last available data on treatment showed that all had normal ALT,but more TDF patients were virologically suppressed(<10 IU/mL)(n=170/190,89%)vs LAM-treated(n=35/58,60%)(P<0.05).None cleared *** In this real-world North American study,approximately 5 years of NA achieves liver fibrosis regression rarely leads to HBsAg loss.

关键词： Nucleos(t)ide analog therapy Functional cure Hepatitis B virus surface antigen loss Fibrosis regression Liver stiffness measurement Transient elastography

Outcomes of right-lobe and left-lobe living-donor liver transplantations using small-for-size grafts

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第23期23卷 4270-4277页

作者： wong Hoi She Kenneth SH Chok james YY fung Albert CY Chan Chung Mau Lo Department of Surgery the University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong

AIM To analyze the outcomes of living-donor liver transplantation(LDLT) using left-lobe(LL) or right-lobe(RL) small-for-size(SFS) *** Prospectively collected data of adult patients who underwent LDLT at our hospital in the period from January 2003 to December 2013 were reviewed. The patients were divided into the RL-LDLT group and the LL-LDLT group. The two groups were compared in terms of short-and long-term outcomes, including incidence of postoperative complication, graft function, graft survival, and patient survival. A SFS graft was defined as a graft with a ratio of graft weight(GW) to recipient standard liver volume(RSLV)(GW/RSLV) of < 50%. The Urata formula was used to estimate *** Totally 218 patients were included for analysis, with 199 patients in the RL-LDLT group and 19 patients in the LL-LDLT group. The two groups were similar in terms of age(median, 53 years in the RL-LDLT group and 52 years in the LL-LDLT group, P = 0.997) but had significantly different ratios of men to women(165:34 in the RL-LDLT group and 8:11 in the LL-LDLT group, P < 0.0001). The two groups were also significantly different in GW(P < 0.0001), GW/RSLV(P < 0.0001), and graft cold ischemic time(P = 0.007). When it comes to postoperative complication, the groups were comparable(P = 0.105). Five patients died in hospital,4(2%) in the RL-LDLT group and 1(5.3%) in the LLLDLT group(P = 0.918). There were 38 graft losses, 33(16.6%) in the RL-LDLT group and 5(26.3%) in the LL-LDLT group(P = 0.452). The 5-year graft survival rate was significantly better in the RL-LDLT group(95.2% vs 89.5%, P = 0.049). The two groups had similar 5-year patient survival rates(RL-LDLT: 86.8%, LL-LDLT: 89.5%, P = 0.476).CONCLUSION The use of SFS graft in LDLT requires careful tailormade surgical planning and meticulous operation. LLLDLT can be a good alternative to RL-LDLT with similar recipient outcomes but a lower donor risk. Further research into different patient conditions is needed i

关键词：为尺寸肝接枝小正确脑叶接枝左脑叶接枝生活施主肝移植

Serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer level predicts hepatocellular carcinoma development in E-negative chronic hepatitis B patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第11期25卷 1398-1408页

作者： Lung-Yi Mak Wai-Pan To Danny Ka-Ho wong james fung Fen Liu Wai-Kay Seto Ching-Lung Lai Man-fung Yuen Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital Department of Medicine The University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong Kong

BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)development in chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer(M2 BPGi) is a novel serological marker for fibrosis. The role of M2 BPGi in prediction of HCC is *** To examine the role of serum M2 BPGi in predicting HCC development in hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative *** Treatment-naive CHB patients with documented spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion were recruited. Serum M2 BPGi was measured at baseline(within3 years from HBeAg seroconversion), at 5 years and 10 years after HBeAg seroconversion and expressed as cut-off index(COI). Multivariate cox regression was performed to identify predictors for HCC development. ROC analysis was used to determine the cut-off value of M2 *** Among 207 patients(57% male, median age at HBeAg seroconversion 40 years old) with median follow-up of 13.1(11.8-15.5) years, the cumulative incidence of HCC at 15 years was 7%. Median M2 BPGi levels were significantly higher in patients with HCC compared to those without HCC(baseline: 1.39 COI vs 0.38 COI, P < 0.001; 5-year: 1.45 COI vs 0.47 COI, P < 0.001; 10-year: 1.20 COI vs 0.55 COI, P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed age at HBeAg seroconversion[odds ratio(OR) = 1.196, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.034-1.382, P = 0.016] and baseline M2 BPGi(OR = 4.666, 95%CI: 1.296-16.802, P = 0.018) were significant factors predictive of HCC. Using a cut-off value of 0.68 COI, baseline M2 BPGi yielded AUROC of 0.883 with 91.7% sensitivity and 80.8% *** High serum M2 BPGi within 3 years after HBeAg seroconversion was a strong predictor for subsequent HCC development in treatment-naive HBeAg-negative CHB patients.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B Liver fibrosis Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer Biomarker

Factors Affecting Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Yield from Bone Marrow Aspiration

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2011年第1期23卷 43-48页

作者： Jing Li Wilfred Hing-Sang wong Shing Chan james Chor-San Chim Kenneth Man-Chee Cheung tsz-Leung Lee Wing-Yan Au Shau-Yin Ha Albert Kwok-Wei Lie Yu-Lung Lau Raymond Hin-Suen Liang Godfrey Chi-fung Chan China Oxford Centre for International Health Research Cardiovascular Institute ＆ Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences ＆ Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Department of Medicine Department of Orthopaedics ＆Traumatology the University of Hong KongHKSARChina

Objective：This study was to investigate the variables in bone marrow harvesting procedure and individual donor factors which can potentially affect the yield of mesenchymal stromal cells（MSC）.Methods：We determined the yield of MSC from bone marrow under different clinical conditions by comparing the MSC colony numbers from：（1） donors of different ages;（2） healthy donors and patients with leukemia;（3） bone marrow aspirated at different time points during marrow harvesting;（4） bone marrow harvested by different ***：During the process of harvesting,the number of MSC significantly decreased with increase number of aspiration,from 675/ml at the initial decreased to 60/ml after 100 ml bone marrow aspirated,and 50/ml after 200 ml bone marrow *** number of MSC retrieved from leukemia patients（99/ml bone marrow） was significantly lower than that of healthy donors（708/ml bone marrow）.However,there was no significant difference in growth *** was no significant age-related difference of MSC yielded from donors 55 *** there was no significant difference in MSC number between the samples from single end-holed needle and those from multiple-side-hole ***：The optimal bone marrow samples for MSC collection should be obtained earlier in the process of harvesting *** marrow from donors 55 years was equally good as MSC *** autologous MSC from leukemia patients can be utilized for in-vitro MSC expansion.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cell CFU-F Bone marrow aspiration Leukemia

Anaerobic biodegradation of PAHs in mangrove sediment with amendment of NaHCO_3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 148-156页

作者： Chun-Hua Li Yuk-Shan wong Hong-Yuan Wang Nora fung-Yee Tam State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Department of Biology The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory on Marine Pollution City University of Hong Kong

Mangrove sediment is unique in chemical and biological properties. Many of them suffer polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAH） contamination. However, the study on PAH biological remediation for mangrove sediment is deficient. Enriched PAH-degrading microbial consortium and electron acceptor amendment are considered as two effective measures. Compared to other electron acceptors, the study on CO2, which is used by methanogens, is still seldom. This study investigated the effect of Na HCO3 amendment on the anaerobic biodegradation of four mixed PAHs, namely fluorene（Fl）, phenanthrene（Phe）,fluoranthene（Flua） and pyrene（Pyr）, with or without enriched PAH-degrading microbial consortium in mangrove sediment slurry. The trends of various parameters, including PAH concentrations, microbial population size, electron-transport system activities, electron acceptor and anaerobic gas production were monitored. The results revealed that the inoculation of enriched PAH-degrading consortium had a significant effect with half lives shortened by 7–13 days for 3-ring PAHs and 11–24 days for 4-ring PAHs. While Na HCO3 amendment did not have a significant effect on the biodegradation of PAHs and other parameters, except that CO2 gas in the headspace of experimental flasks was *** of the possible reasons is that mangrove sediment contains high concentrations of other electron acceptors which are easier to be utilized by anaerobic bacteria, the other one is that the anaerobes in mangrove sediment can produce enough CO2 gas even without adding Na HCO3.

关键词： Anaerobic biodegradation Electron acceptor amendment Mangrove sediment Na HCO3amendment Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Long-Term Trends in Pre-Summer Daytime and Nocturnal Extreme Hourly Rainfall in a Coastal City of South China

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2023年第1期29卷 39-54页

作者：苏琳李俊鲁黄伟健冯志雄 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmospheric-Ocean System Ministry of EducationZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Earth OceanAtmosphere Sciences ThrustThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou):Guangzhou 511453 China Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(SAR)China Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina

The long-term trends in the occurrence frequency of pre-summer daytime and nocturnal extreme hourly rainfall(EXHR) during 1988-2018 in Hong Kong and their spatial distributions are examined and analyzed. Despite a significant increasing trend observed in the occurrence frequency of pre-summer EXHRs during the investigated period,the increase in daytime and nocturnal EXHRs show distinct spatial patterns. Nocturnal EXHRs show uniform increasing trends over the entire Hong Kong. However, the increase in daytime EXHRs is concentrated over the northern or eastern areas of Hong Kong, indicating a downstream shift of pre-summer EXHRs in Hong Kong with regard to the prevailing southwesterly monsoonal flows in south China. The clustering of weather types associated with daytime and nocturnal EXHRs further reveals that the increase in EXHRs over Hong Kong are mainly contributed by the increase of the events associated with southwesterly monsoonal flows with relatively high speeds. During the past few decades, the southwesterly monsoonal flows at coastal south China have undergone a substantial weakening due to the increased surface roughness induced by the urbanization over the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since 1990s,leading to enhanced low-level convergence and thus significant increase in EXHRs at coastal south China. Meanwhile,daytime sea-wind circulation at coastal south China is markedly enhanced during the investigated period, which is the main reason for the northward shift of daytime EXHRs in Hong Kong. In addition, the blocked southwesterly monsoonal flows at coastal south China are detoured eastward, leading to stronger convergence and increase in EXHRs at eastern coast of Hong Kong, especially during daytime, when the easterly sea winds prevail at the region.

关键词： extreme hourly rainfall diurnal rainfall cycle linear trend coastal Pearl River Delta

Going below and beyond the surface: Microneedle structure, materials, drugs, fabrication, and applications for wound healing and tissue regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 303-326页

作者： Shang Lyu Zhifei Dong Xiaoxiao Xu Ho-Pan Bei Ho-Yin Yuen Chung-Wai james Cheung Man-Sang wong Yong He Xin Zhao Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARPR China Faculty of Science University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouPR China

Microneedle, as a novel drug delivery system, has attracted widespread attention due to its non-invasiveness, painless and simple administration, controllable drug delivery, and diverse cargo loading capacity. Although microneedles are initially designed to penetrate stratum corneum of skin for transdermal drug delivery, they, recently, have been used to promote wound healing and regeneration of diverse tissues and organs and the results are promising. Despite there are reviews about microneedles, few of them focus on wound healing and tissue regeneration. Here, we review the recent advances of microneedles in this field. We first give an overview of microneedle system in terms of its potential cargos (e.g., small molecules, macromolecules, nucleic acids, nanoparticles, extracellular vesicle, cells), structural designs (e.g., multidrug structures, adhesive structures), material selection, and drug release mechanisms. Then we briefly summarize different microneedle fabrication methods, including their advantages and limitations. We finally summarize the recent progress of microneedle-assisted wound healing and tissue regeneration (e.g., skin, cardiac, bone, tendon, ocular, vascular, oral, hair, spinal cord, and uterine tissues). We expect that our article would serve as a guideline for readers to design their microneedle systems according to different applications, including material selection, drug selection, and structure design, for achieving better healing and regeneration efficacy.

关键词： Microneedles Microfabrication Wound healing Tissue regeneration Drug delivery

Association between tourniquet use and intraoperative blood loss during below-knee amputation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 644-651页

作者： Alden E Wyland Erik Woelber Liam H wong Jordan Arakawa Zachary M Working james Meeker School of Medicine Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND Despite over 150000 amputations of lower limbs annually,there remains a wide variation in tourniquet practice patterns and no consensus on their necessity,especially among orthopedic patient *** purpose of this study was to determine whether tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing below knee amputation(BKA) was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** To determine if tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing BKA was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing BKA by orthopedic surgeons at a tertiary care hospital from 2008 through *** loss was calculated using a combination of the Nadler equation for preoperative blood volume and a novel formula utilizing preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels and *** and forwards step-wise multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine the association between tourniquet use and blood loss.A Wilcoxon was used to determine the univariate relationship between tourniquet use and blood loss for in the restricted subgroups of patients who underwent BKA for trauma,tumor,and *** Of 97 eligible patients identified,67 underwent surgery with a tourniquet and 30 did *** multivariate regression,tourniquet use was associated with a 488 mL decrease in calculated blood loss(CI 119-857,P = 0.01).In subgroup analysis,no individual group showed a statistically significant decrease in blood loss with tourniquet *** was no significant association between tourniquet use and either postoperative transfusions or reoperation at one *** We found that tourniquet use during BKA is associated with decreased calculated intraoperative blood *** recommend that surgeons performing this procedure use a tourniquet to minimize blood loss.

关键词： Amputation Tourniquet Blood loss Hemostasis

Profiles and removal efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by two different types of sewage treatment plants in Hong Kong

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 196-206页

作者： Yu Bon Man Ka Lai Chow Zhang Cheng Wing Yin Mo Yung Hau Chan james Chung Wah Lam Frankie Tat Kwong Lau Wing Cheong fung Ming Hung wong Consortium on Health EnvironmentEducation and Research(CHEER)and Department of Science and Environmental StudiesThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongChina Department of Environmental Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution Croucher Institute for Environmental SciencesHong Kong Baptist University and City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongChina College of Environment Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health City University of Hong KongKowioon TongHong KongChina The Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong KongChina

Sewage discharge could be a major source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the coastal waters. Stonecutters Island and Shatin Sewage Treatment Works （SCISTW and STSTW） in Hong Kong, adopted chemically enhanced primary treatment and biological treatment, respectively. This study aimed at （1） determining the removal efficiencies of PAHs, （2） comparing the capabilities in removing PAHs, and （3） characterizing the profile of each individual PAHs, in the two sewage treatment plants （STPs）. Quantification of 16 PAHs was conducted by a Gas Chromatography. The concentrations of total PAHs decreased gradually along the treatment processes （from 301 ± 255 and 307 ± 217 ns/L to 14.9 ± 12.1 and 63.3 ± 54.1 ng/L in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. It was noted that STSTW was more capable in removing total PAHs than SCISTW with average total removal effidency 94.4% ± 4.12% us. 79.2% ± 7.48% （p 〈 0.05）. The removal of PAHs was probably due to sorption in particular matter, confirmed by the higher distribution coefficient of individual and total PAHs in solid samples （dewatered sludge contained 92.5% and 74.7% of total PAHs in SCISTW and STSTW, respectively） than liquid samples （final efffluent-total contained 7.53% and 25.3% of total PAHs in STSTW and SCISTW, respectively）. Despite the impressive capability of STSTW and SCISTW in removing PAHs, there was still a considerable amount of total PAHs （1.85 and 39.3 ks/year, respectively for the two STPs） being discharged into Hone Kon coastal waters, which would be an environmental concern.

关键词： Sewage treatment plantsPAHsRemoval efficiencySludgeSewage