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Effects of biochar on soil water retention curves of compacted clay during wetting and drying

Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1117-1130页

作者： james tsz fung wong Ka Lai Chow Xun Wen Chen Charles Wang Wai Ng Ming Hung wong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongSARChina Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong KongSARChina Consortium on Health EnvironmentEducation and Research(CHEER)Department of Science and Environmental StudiesThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongSARChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Compacted clay possesses a low water permeability and has been widely used in geo-environmental facilities such as landfill cover *** studies revealed the potential applications of compacted biochar-amended clay(BAC)as an alternative landfill cover ***,the effects of biochar on the soil water retention curves(SWRCs)of clay at low suction are not *** study can help fill this knowledge gap by measuring the wetting and drying SWRCs of clay and BAC(20%biochar).Soils were compacted in instrumented soil columns and subjected to a wetting and drying cycle,and soil water content and suction were measured along with the soil *** was saturated faster when compared with *** drying,the soil water content of clay at 65 mm depth dropped to almost zero,while about 5%of water was retained in *** showed that biochar increased the soil water retention capacity of compacted clay upon *** showed that biochar-clay composite possesses a higher soil water retention capacity at a low soil suction range(<1000 kPa)compared with clay *** revealed the benefits of using compacted biochar-clay composite as a hydraulic barrier to minimize desiccation-induced cracks and potentially promote its serviceability,especially in arid and semi-arid *** composite is also a carbon sink material that can reduce landfill gas emissions and pollutant leaching.

关键词： Soil amendment Biochar-clay composite Soil carbon Soil suction Soil depth

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Response of microbial communities to biochar-amended soils:a critical review

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Biochar 2019年第1期1卷 3-22页

作者： Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya james tsz fung wong Yohey Hashimoto Longbin Huang Jörg Rinklebe Scott X.Chang Nanthi Bolan Hailong Wang Yong Sik Ok Korea Biochar Research Center O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute(OJERI)Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Department of Bioapplications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyTokyoJapan Environment Centres Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Laboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-Management School of Architecture and Civil EngineeringInstitute of Foundation Engineering and Water and-Waste ManagementUniversity of WuppertalPauluskirchstraße 742285 WuppertalGermany Department of Environment Energy and GeoinformaticsSejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada Global Centre for Environmental Remediation University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000GuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F University

Application of biochar to soils changes soil physicochemical properties and stimulates the activities of soil microorganisms that influence soil quality and plant *** the response of soil microbial communities to biochar amendments is important for better understanding interactions of biochar with soil,as well as ***,the effect of biochar on soil microorganisms has received less attention than its influences on soil physicochemical *** this review,the following key questions are discussed:(i)how does biochar affect soil microbial activities,in particular soil carbon(C)mineralization,nutrient cycling,and enzyme activities?(ii)how do microorganisms respond to biochar amendment in contaminated soils?and(iii)what is the role of biochar as a growth promoter for soil microorganisms?Many studies have demonstrated that biochar-soil application enhances the soil microbial biomass with substantial changes in microbial community *** amendment changes microbial habitats,directly or indirectly affects microbial metabolic activities,and modifies the soil microbial community in terms of their diversity and ***,chemical properties of biochar,(especially pH and nutrient content),and physical properties such as pore size,pore volume,and specific surface area play significant roles in determining the efficacy of biochar on microbial performance as biochar provides suitable habitats for *** mode of action of biochar leading to stimulation of microbial activities is complex and is influenced by the nature of biochar as well as soil conditions.

关键词： Carbon cycling Microbial habitat Microorganisms Nutrient cycling Enzyme activity

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Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on incidence and treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma in people with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 211-228页

作者： Lung-Yi Mak Matthew Shing Hin Chung Xue Li Francisco tsz Tsun Lai Eric Yuk Fai Wan Celine Sze Ling Chui Franco Wing Tak Cheng Esther Wai Yin Chan Ching Lung Cheung Ivan Chi Ho Au Xi Xiong Wai-Kay Seto Man-fung Yuen Carlos King Ho wong Ian Chi Kei wong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongChina Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Nursing The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Department of Practice and Policy University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Aston School of Pharmacy Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)was associated with adverse clinical outcomes among people with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** To determine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the incidence and treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)among patients with *** A retrospective,territory-wide cohort of CLD patients was identified from an electronic health database in Hong *** with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection[coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)+CLD]between January 1,2020 and October 25,2022 were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity-score with those without(COVID-19-CLD).Each patient was followed up until death,outcome event,or November 15,*** outcome was incidence of *** outcomes included all-cause mortality,adverse hepatic outcomes,and different treatment strategies to HCC(curative,non-curative treatment,and palliative care).Analyses were further stratified by acute(within 20 d)and post-acute(21 d or beyond)phases of SARS-CoV-2 *** rate ratios(IRRs)were estimated by Poisson regression *** Of 193589 CLD patients(>95%non-cirrhotic)in the cohort,55163 patients with COVID-19+CLD and 55163 patients with COVID-19-CLD were included after 1:1 propensity-score *** 249-d median follow-up,COVID-19+CLD was not associated with increased risk of incident HCC(IRR:1.19,95%CI:0.99-1.42,P=0.06),but higher risks of receiving palliative care for HCC(IRR:1.60,95%CI:1.46-1.75,P<0.001),compared to *** both acute and post-acute phases of infection,COVID-19+CLD were associated with increased risks of allcause mortality(acute:IRR:7.06,95%CI:5.78-8.63,P<0.001;post-acute:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.14-1.36,P<0.001)and adverse hepatic outcomes(acute:IRR:1.98,95%CI:1.79-2.18,P<0.001;post-acute:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.13-1.35,P<0.001),compared to *** Although CLD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were not associated with increased risk of HCC,they

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 infection Chronic liver disease Long COVID Post-COVID-19 syndrome Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

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一种基于深度学习的新型针灸针自动计数的云服务系统:提高针灸安全性的策略

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Digital Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 40-46页

作者：黄梓皓韦君逸陈海勇吴凤亮香港大学李嘉诚医学院中医药学院中国香港999077 Department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgetown UniversityWashington D.C.20057USA 香港理工大学康复科学系中国香港999077

目的病人针灸治疗时,漏针可能造成严重后果。为增强针灸安全性,本研究将开发一个基于深度学习的自动云端数针系统。方法本研究利用拍有针灸针的手机图片为曾预先训练的定向目标检测模型(Oriented R-CNN)进行转移学习,以开发一种能够自... 详细信息

目的病人针灸治疗时,漏针可能造成严重后果。为增强针灸安全性,本研究将开发一个基于深度学习的自动云端数针系统。方法本研究利用拍有针灸针的手机图片为曾预先训练的定向目标检测模型(Oriented R-CNN)进行转移学习,以开发一种能够自动计算图片中针灸针数量的目标检测算法。我们首先拍摄了一个包含590张图片的训练集以及一个包含1025张图片的验证集。随后在带有NVIDIA Tesla T4图形处理器(GPU)的Google Colab环境中部署了MMRotate工具箱为模型进行训练。我们将训练的模型与Telegram bot手机小程序界面集成,并评估模型的准确率、精确率和召回率。本小程序中云端数针系统的速度则以端到端处理时间计算。结果在每张图片20根针的验证集情景中,我们的定向检测模型在准确率、精确率和召回率上分别达到96.49%、99.98%和99.84%,平均端到端处理时间为1.535秒。结论这项云服务系统在速度、准确性和可靠性上的提升展示了深度学习物体检测技术改进针灸实践的潜力。

关键词：人工智能电脑视觉目标检测针灸病人安全

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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert james B.Barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian Y.L.wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin Troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David wong Louise McEwan james Walters Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Geoff Coughlina John W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)ordered at Department of Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PET/CT for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/CT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PET/CT,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

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Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis:An indication for liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 396-398页

作者： wong Hoi She Wing Chiu Dai james YY fung Tan To Cheung Albert CY Chan Chung Mau Lo Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

To the Editor:Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis(RPC),also known as Hong Kong disease[1],is an unique disease entity with a decreasing *** is characterized by the formation of intrahepatic biliary pigmented stones,which r... 详细信息

关键词： cholangitis obstruction liver

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Review of evolution of clinical, training and educational services and research program for autism spectrum disorders in Hong Kong

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第10期58卷 991-1009页

作者： Virginia Chun-Nei wong Cheuk-Wing fung So-Lun LEE Polly tsz Yan wong Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine the University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital

The evolution of a local fragmented model of services for children with autism in Hong Kong emerged gradually over the past three decades with lack of government funding or support. This had been due to increasing number of children with autism being detected and referred for earlier assessment. With increasing pressure from parents due to long waiting time for assessment and training services and the increasing polarization by mass media there had been a gradual increasing public awareness over the past five years. Though still highly fragmented in the availability of services, there is a growing "business model" available in the community due to increasing need and lack of public funding for support. There is a lack of strategic planning for medical diagnostic and management issues in Hong Kong. Our University of Hong Kong based Autism Research Program was pioneered in 1985 based on the increasing load of autism cases referred for assessment for other developmental problems and diagnosed as Autism in the Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital. As the first author has been the staff of the University of Hong Kong, this program flourished as a research based program. The benefits of early identification and intervention of autism spectrum disorder(ASD) had been increasingly recognized, and with the increased public awareness and increasing trend of earlier diagnosis, there has been a continuously high demand from parents for earlier assessment and training for children suspected to have ASD. This model had not received extra funding for this integrated program for research, teaching and training in autism. We had to apply for various donations and grants to support the development of this pioneer program. The research output and organization of forums for public education and awareness are reviewed. The latter part of the paper reports the summary of clinical profile of autism cases(N=1441) assessed from 1985 to 2010 June under the University of Hong Kong. As the waiti

关键词：教育服务临床症状自闭训练谱系评估报告香港大学儿童医院

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Parents making surgical decisions for their children:a pilot study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第2期6卷 115-117页

作者： Adrian Chi Heng fung Kenneth Kak Yuen wong Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Parents play a key role in medical decision-making for their children,who are limited by their intellectual development in under-standing their own health status and treat-ment plans.1 These decisions are challenging as they may have a lifelong impact on patients'physical and mental well-being,and a signif-icant portion of parents are not satisfied with the informed consent *** factors affecting parental satisfaction with the informed consent process have been identi-fied,including parents'knowledge base,the specific types of decisions and the presence of decisional conflicts.

关键词： children their parents

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Prevention of recurrent hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 465-472页

作者： Tiffany CL wong james YY fung Chung Mau Lo Department of Surgery Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam Road Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam Road

BACKGROUND:Recurrence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection after liver transplantation can lead to graft loss and a reduction in long-term *** purpose of this review is to summarize the current therapeutic options for preventing HBV recurrence in liver transplant *** SOURCES:Up to January 2013,studies that were published in MEDLINE and EMBASE on prevention of HBV recurrence after liver transplantation were ***:There have been remarkable advancements in the past two decades on the prevention of HBV recurrence after liver transplantation,from the discovery of hepatitis B immune globulin(HBIG) and lamivudine monotherapy to the combination therapy using HBIG and *** the development of newer and stronger antiviral agents,the need for life-long HBIG is *** their low resistance profile,oral antiviral prophylaxis using these new agents alone is sufficient and is associated with excellent ***:Restoration of host HBV immunity with adoptive immunity transfer and vaccination may represent the ultimate strategy to withdraw prophylactic treatment and to achieve a drug free regimen against HBV recurrence after liver transplantation.

关键词： hepatitis B liver transplantation hepatitis B immune globulin antiviral therapy adoptive immunity transfer HBV vaccination

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