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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2007年第2期16卷 129-165页

作者： james M. TIEN Daniel BERG Department of Decision sciences and Engineering systems Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York USA

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the gro

关键词： services innovation decision informatics software algorithms automation globalization collaboration customization integration adaptation standardization telecommunication organization business principles

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Promises and paradoxes of regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11236-11245页

作者： james D LordJ Translational Program Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason Mailstop

since their discovery two decades ago,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells(Tregs) have become the subject of intense investigation by immunologists. Unlike other T cells,which promote an immune response,Tregs actively inhibit inflammation when activated by their cognate antigen,thus raising hope that these cells could be engineered into a highly targeted,antigenspecific,immunosuppressant therapy. Although Tregs represent less than 10% of circulating CD4+T cells,they have been shown to play an essential role in preventing or limiting inflammation in a variety of animal models and human diseases. In particular,spontaneous intestinal inflammation has been shown to occur in the absence of Tregs,suggesting that there may be a Treg defect central to the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). However,over the past decade,multiple groups have reported no qualitative or quantitative deficits in Tregs from the intestines and blood of IBD patients to explain why these cells fail to regulate inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In this review,we will discuss the history of Tregs,what is known about them in IBD,and what progress and obstacles have been seen with efforts to employ them for therapeutic benefit.

关键词： Foxp3 Regulatory T cells Crohn’s disease Th17 Ulce

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Natural history and long-term clinical course of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 31-36页

作者： Hugh james Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology) University of British Columbia HospitalVancouverBC V6T 1W5Canada

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease process involving different sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Occasionally, so-called metastatic disease occurs in extra-intestinal sites. Granulomatous inflammation may be detected in endoscopic biopsies or resected tissues. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors appear to play a role. Multiple susceptibility genes have been described in both familial and non-familial forms while the disease is phenotypically heterogeneous with a female predominance. The disorder occurs over a broad age spectrum, from early childhood to late adulthood. More than 80% are diagnosed before age 40 years usually with terminal ileal and colonic involvement. Pediatric-onset disease is more severe and more extensive, usually with a higher chance of upper gastrointestinal tract disease, compared to adult-onset disease. Long-term studies have shown that the disorder may evolve with time into more complex disease with stricture formation and penetrating disease complications (i.e., fistula, abscess). Although prolonged remission may occur, discrete periods of symptomatic disease may re-appear over many decades suggesting recurrence or re-activation of this inflammatory process. Eventual development of a cure will likely depend on identification of an etiologic cause and a fundamental understanding of its pathogenesis. Until now, treatment has focused on removing risk factors, particularly cigarette smoking, and improving symptoms. In clinical trials, clinical remission is largely defined as improved numerical and endoscopic indices for “mucosal healing”. “Deep remission” is a conceptual, more “extended” goal that may or may not alter the long-term natural history of the disease in selected patients, albeit at a significant risk for treatment complications, including serious and unusual opportunistic infections.

关键词： Natural history, Crohn’ s disease, Age-dependent phenotypes

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Bemisia tabaci （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） nymphal feeding in cotton （Gossypium hirsutum） leaves

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Insect science 2007年第5期14卷 375-381页

作者： CHANG-CHI CHU DENNIs A. MARGOsAN james s. BUCKNER THOMAs P. FREEMAN THOMAs J. HENNEBERRY UsDA ARS US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa Arizona UsDA ARS San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Center Parlier California Biosciences Research Laboratory Fargo North Dakota Electron Microscopy Center North Dakota State University Fargo North Dakota USA

We used brightfield electron microscopy （BEM）, differential interference contrast microscopy （DICM）, scanning electron microscopy （sEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and confocal laser scanning microscopy （CLsM） to investigate the stylet pathways of Bemisia tabaci during nymphal feeding behavior in cotton leaves beginning with penetration of the abaxial leaf surface and ending with stylets in sieve tubes in phloem tissues. Most nymphal stylets within salivary sheaths penetrating leaf tissues made complex turns and developed more than one salivary sheath branch before ending in sieve tubes. The external morphology of the salivary sheaths and their routes between and through leaf cells are described during the present study. Results showed the presence of the stylet within the sieve tubes. B. tabaci nymphs may remove stylets and feed in different sieve tubes. Ten short movies showing the progression of the stylet penetrations from adaxial surface to the sieve tubes are attached to Figures 8-15. The report and movies can be viewed from the internet. Download the movies to a local drive in your computer first for fast upload. The movies are posted on the website http：//***/services/***？docid=14629. The movies can be used as a teaching aid in biology classes.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci microscopy nymphs feeding stylet sheath stylet

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Learning physically based material and lighting decompositions for face editing

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第2期10卷 295-308页

作者： Qian Zhang Vikas Thamizharasan james Tompkin Brown University ProvidenceRhode Island 02906USA

Lighting is crucial for portrait photography,yet the complex interactions between the skin and incident light are expensive to model computationally in graphics and difficult to reconstruct analytically via computer ***,to allow fast and controllable reflectance and lighting editing,we developed a physically based decomposition through deep learned priors from path-traced portrait *** approaches that used simplified material models or low-frequency or low-dynamic-range lighting struggled to model specular reflections or relight directly without intermediate ***,we estimate the surface normal,skin albedo and roughness,and high-frequency HDRI maps,and propose an architecture to estimate both diffuse and specular reflectance *** our experiments,we show that this approach can represent the true appearance function more effectively than simpler baseline methods,leading to better generalization and higher-quality editing.

关键词： intrinsic decomposition portrait relighting inverse rendering deep learning

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Meteorite impact craters as hotspots for mineral resources and energy fuels:A global review

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 136-146页

作者： s.james saranya R.Chandran M.santosh A.P.Pradeepkumar M.N.Praveen K.s sajinkumar s sajinkumar 1 2department of geologyuniversity of keralathiruvananthapuram695581keralaindia school of earth science and resources china university of geosciencesbeijing100083china department of earth sciences university of adelaidesa5005australia geological survey of india bengaluru560111india department of geological and mining engineering and sciences michigan technological universityhoughton49931miusa

The ever-increasing recovery rate of natural resources from terrestrial impact craters over the last fewdecades across the globe offers new avenues for further exploration of mineral and hydrocarbon resources in such *** of today,60 of the 208 terrestrial craters have been identified to host diverseresources such as hydrocarbons,metals and construction *** potential of craters as plausibleresource contributors to the energy sector is therefore,worthy of consideration,as 42(70%)of the 60craters host energy resources such as oil,gas,coal,uranium,mercury,critical and major minerals as wellas hydropower *** others,19 craters are of well-developed hydrocarbon *** associated with craters are also classified similar to other mineral resources such as progenetic,syngenetic and epigenetic *** these,the progenetic and syngenetic mineralization are confinedto the early and late excavation stage of impact crater evolution,respectively,whereas epigenetic deposits are formed during and after the modification stage of crater ***,progenetic andsyngenetic mineral deposits(like Fe,Ni,Pb,Zn and Cu)associated with craters are formed as a directresult of the impact event,whereas epigenetic deposits(***)are hosted by the impactstructure and result from post-impact *** the progenetic and syngenetic deposits,the shockwave induced fracturing and melting aid the formation of deposits,whereas in the epigenetic deposits,the highly fractured lithostratigraphic units of higher porosity and permeability,like the centralelevated area(CEA)or the rim,act as *** this review,we provide a holistic view of the mineral andenergy resources associated with impact craters,and use some of the remote sensing techniques toidentify the mineral deposits as supplemented by a schematic model of the types of deposits formedduring cratering process.

关键词： Meteorite impact crater Progenetic deposit syngenetic deposit Epigenetic deposit Mineralization Hydrocarbon Petroleum Exploration

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Patient-reported dissatisfaction following second side in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期13卷 1029-1037页

作者： Eric Gruenberger Andrew s Bae Tyler Kelly Brent A Ponce james McGrory The Hughston Foundation ColumbusGA 31909United States Department of Orthopedic surgery Jack Hughston Memorial HospitalPhenix CityAL 36867United States Department ofOrthopedic surgery Hughston Foundation and Jack Hughston Memorial HospitalColumbusGA 31909United States

BACKGROUND Around one third of patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty(TKA)will eventually have the contralateral knee *** patient satisfaction after staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty procedures performed on different days is reportedly similar to unilateral ***,in our anecdotal experience patients often report less satisfying outcomes following the second side.A cursory review of available literature tended to confirm that *** sought therefore to consolidate all of the available data on this issue to further investigate this *** To consolidate available published data revealing satisfaction scores among patients following staged bilateral TKA,and to evaluate the phenomenon of less satisfying results following *** A systematic review of available literature reporting on satisfaction with TKA1 and TKA2 after staged bilateral knee arthroplasty was undertaken using PubMed,Google scholar,and *** 427 records,five full-length articles met criteria for inclusion in the *** data were then extracted and assessed on the basis of the Reference Citation Analysis(https://***/).REsULTs A total of 1889 patients with an average age of 68(range:38–92)underwent staged bilateral TKA with outcomes reported at 1 year following each TKA with a mean 21.9 mo between surgeries(range:2 d to 14.5 years).Overall satisfaction with both knees was 83.70%(1581)and dissatisfaction with both knees was 2.75%(52).In the remaining 13.56%(256)who were dissatisfied with one side,61.0%were dissatisfied with TKA2,and 39.0%were dissatisfied with ***-reported outcome scores for TKA2 were frequently lower than TKA1 even in patients reporting overall satisfaction with both *** At 1-year follow-up,there was a 50%greater risk of dissatisfaction with TKA2 among the 13.56%of patients reporting dissatisfaction in one knee after staged bilateral *** the interval betwe

关键词： staged staggered sequential Bilateral arthroplasty Total knee arthroplasty Patient-reported outcomes

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Early onset of a microcystin-producing cyanobacterial bloom in an agriculturally-influenced Great Lakes tributary

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1112-1125页

作者： Robert Michael L.McKAY Taylor TUTTLE Laura A.REITZ George s.BULLERJAHN William R.CODY Adam J.McDOWELL Timothy W.davis Department of Biological sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Aquatic Taxonomy specialists Malinta OH 43535 USA City of Defiance Water Division Defiance OH 43512 USA NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Ann Arbor MI USA

In late May 2016, a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom(cHAB) was detected in the Maumee River, the largest tributary to Lake Erie, the southernmost lake of the Laurentian Great Lakes system. Testing on 31 May identified Planktothrix agardhii as the dominant cyanobacterium with cell abundance exceeding 1.7×10~9 cells/L and total microcystins(MC) reaching 19 μg/L MC-LR equivalents, a level over 10-fold higher than the 2015 revised U.s. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) national health advisory levels for drinking water exposure to adults. Low river discharge coincident with negligible precipitation through the latter half of May coincided with an 80% decline in river turbidity that likely favored bloom formation by a low-light adapted P. agardhii population. Also contributing to the c HAB were high initial nutrient loads and an increase of the river temperature from 13℃ to 26℃ over this same period. The bloom persisted through 5 June with microcystins exceeding 22 μg/L MC-LR equivalents at the bloom peak. By 6 June, the river had returned to its muddy character following a rain event and sampling on 7 June detected only low levels of toxin(systems located near the bloom origin. The elevated toxin production associated with this early onset bloom was without precedent for the Maumee River and an unique attribute of the c HAB was the high proportion of potentially-toxic genotypes. Whereas Planktothrix spp. is common in lotic environments, and has been previously detected in the Maumee, blooms are not commonly reported. This early onset, microcystin-producing c HAB provided a rare opportunity to glean insights into environmental factors that promote bloom development and dominance by Planktothrix in lotic environments.

关键词： cyanobacteria microcystin Planktothrix qPCR river

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The Course and Achievements of VI World Congress on Mountain Medicine And High Altitude Physiology

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青海医学院学报 2005年第1期26卷 9-15页

作者： james s Milledge Dr

IntroductionThe 6th World Congress of Mountain Medicine and Physiology was held in Xining, in Qinghai, and followed by a second part in Lhasa, Tibet, ***, from August 11th to 19th 2004.

关键词：高原地区生理学国际会议药物治疗

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A new direction for Alzheimer's research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 190-193页

作者： james D.Weinstein Marshall University school of Medicine Medical Center

Despite decades of research, at present there is no curative therapy for Alzheimer＇s disease. Changes in the way new drugs are tested appear to be necessary. Three changes are presented here and will be discussed. The first change is that Alzheimer＇s disease must be considered a disease of four major pathological processes, not one. The four processes are： 1） vascular hy- poperfusion of the brain with associated mitochondrial dysfunction, 2） destructive protein inclusions, 3） uncontrolled oxidative stress, and 4） proinflammatory immune processes second- ary to microglial and astrocytic dysfunction in the brain. The second change recommended is to alter the standard cognitive measurement tools used to quantify mental decline in test patients. specifically the Dementia severity Rating scale （DsRs） should supersede Mini-Mental state Examination （MMsE） and other popular tests, and a measurement scale developed in research should be used to produce a linear and non-irregular baseline. Finally, accepting the concept that four etiologies cause Alzheimer＇s disease leads to the last necessary change, that new thera- pies must be employed directed against all four causes, likely as a combination. There are drugs ready to be employed in such a combinations which are available and used clinically for other purposes so can be used ＂offlabel＂ and one such combination is suggested.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease etiologies combination therapy cognitive testing failed research off-label use Dementia severity Rating scale

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