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Endophytic and pathogenic fungi of developing cranberry ovaries from flower to mature fruit:diversity and succession

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 101-116页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Marshall S.Bergen Jennifer Johnson-Cicalese james J.Polashock Nicholi Vorsa james f.White jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Philip E.Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension Rutgers University125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA Genetic Improvement of fruits and Vegetables Laboratory USDA-ARS125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA

Culturable fungal population diversity and succession was investigated in developing cranberry ovaries of fruit rot-resistant and rot-susceptible cranberry selections,from flower through mature *** were recovered in culture from 1185 of 1338 ovary tissues collected from June to September,yielding 2255 isolates that represented 42 *** the season,species richness varied from 2 to 17 and 2 to 18 in rot-resistant and rotsusceptible selections,respectively,increasing from wk1 to wk10 and then gradually declining to ***-Wiener diversity index varied from 0.27 to 2.32 in rotresistant and 0.18 to 2.38 in rot-susceptible,and Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.11 to 0.63 and 0.06 to 0.64 in rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,respectively,confirming that diversity of fungi in developing ovaries was similar among rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,but varied among sampling time *** component analysis grouped samples collected at the same sampling time point together regardless of rot susceptibility of the selections,and detected the predominant fungal species associated with each stage of *** changes were observed in populations of endophytic,pathogenic and saprophytic fungi throughout the season as ovaries matured.

关键词： Aetiology Cranberry fruit rot Pathogens Phenology Resistance Vaccinium macrocarpon

Taxonomic placement of Epichloëpoae *** horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 117-131页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Karen V.Ambrose Marshall S.Bergen faith C.Belanger james f.White jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

A new Epichloëspecies distributed in Africa,Europe,North America and South America on host genera Bromus,festuca,Lolium and Poa is ***,characteristic of the genus,frequently occurred on the reproductive tillers of Poa secunda ***,but neither perithecia nor mature asci were *** cells and conidial characteristics were in the range of Epichloë*** of the genes encodingβ-tubulin(tub2)and translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1)were amplified and *** analyses of these sequences grouped the Poa secunda *** endophyte into one group within a non-hybrid Epichloëspecies *** the basis of morphology,host range and evolutionary history we propose that this endophyte represents a new species of Epichloë.The name Epichloëpoae is proposed for this *** infectivity of the conidia produced on plants was *** the first experiment,using conidia of Epichloëpoae from leaves and endophytefree seeds of Poa secunda *** we show that when germinating seeds and developing seedlings of the plant were exposed to conidia,28–57%of seedlings became infected by the *** non-inoculated control plants showed no colonization by the *** the following spring after vernalization,colonized plants on flowering culms produced stromata with *** the second experiment,using stromal conidia and the same procedure,19–42%of seedlings of Poa secunda *** became colonized by the *** results demonstrate that Epichloëpoae may spread to uninfected grass hosts by conidia frequently formed on the surfaces of plant leaves as well as by conidia formed on stromata.

关键词： Endophyte Epiphyllous Evolution Neotyphodium Poa secunda subsp juncifolia Seed

Occultocarpon,a new monotypic genus of Gnomoniaceae on Alnus nepalensis from China

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fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 99-105页

作者： Luis C.Mejía Amy Y.Rossman Lisa A.Castlebury Zhu L.Yang james f.White jr USDA Agricultural Research ServiceSystematic Mycology&Microbiology LaboratoryB010A10300 Baltimore Ave.BeltsvilleMD 20705USA Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204(Yunnan ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama

Microfungi in the Gnomoniaceae(Diaporthales,Ascomycetes)comprise species commonly reported as pathogens and endophytes on trees and herbaceous hosts primarily from temperate forests of North America,Europe,and *** diversity of Gnomoniaceae in China is poorly known,although several plant families that occur there specifically the Betulaceae are considered important *** exploratory trip to Yunnan,China,resulted in the discovery of several members of the *** this paper a new monotypic genus,Occultocarpon and its species,***,are described and illustrated.A phylogeny based on three genes(LSU,rpb2,tef1-α)reveals that *** belongs to the Gnomoniaceae and forms a branch distinct from the currently known *** ailaoshanense is characterized by perithecia with thin,central to eccentric necks in groups embedded in a stroma and oblong elliptical-elongated,one-septate *** ailaoshanense occurs on the bark of branches of Alnus nepalensis(Betulaceae)in Yunnan,China.

关键词： Ascomycota Betulaceae DiaporthaleslGnomoniaceae Systematics Yunnan

Effect of transplant center volume on post-transplant survival in patients listed for simultaneous liver and kidney transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 134-141页

作者： Rohan M Modi Dmitry Tumin Andrew J Kruger Eliza W Beal Don Hayes jr james Hanje Anthony J Michaels Kenneth Washburn Lanla f Conteh Sylvester M Black Khalid Mumtaz Department of Internal Medicine Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Nationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOH 43205United States Department of General Surgery Division of TransplantationOhio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Comprehensive Transplant Center Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Section of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOH 43205United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionOhio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

AIM To examine the effect of center size on survival differences between simultaneous liver kidney transplantation(SLKT) and liver transplantation alone(LTA) in SLKT-listed *** The United Network of Organ Sharing database was queried for patients ≥ 18 years of age listed for SLKT between february 2002 and December 2015. Posttransplant survival was evaluated using stratified Cox regression with interaction between transplant type(LTA vs SLKT) and center *** During the study period, 393 of 4580 patients(9%) listed for SLKT underwent a LTA. Overall mortality was higher among LTA recipients(180/393, 46%) than SLKT recipients(1107/4187, 26%). The Cox model predicted a significant survival disadvantage for patients receiving LTA vs SLKT [hazard ratio, hazard ratio(HR) = 2.85; 95%CI: 2.21, 3.66; P forming 30 SLKT over the study period. This disadvantage was modestly attenuated as center SLKT volume increased, with a 3% reduction(HR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.95, 0.99; P = 0.010) for every 10 SLKs *** In conclusion, LTA is associated with increased mortality among patients listed for SLKT. This difference is modestly attenuated at more experienced centers and may explain inconsistencies between smaller-center and larger registry-wide studies comparing SLKT and LTA outcomes.

关键词： Kidney transplantation Center volume Mortality Liver transplantation United network for organ sharing

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UNIX 自学通第一版

Optimizing the PMCC Algorithm for Infrasound and Seismic Nuclear Treaty Monitoring

丛书名：自学通系列丛书

1998年

作者：（美）Dave Taylor james C.Armstrong jr

18170403060801

ISBN: (纸本)711106089X

18170403060801

关键词： UNIX操作系统基本知识

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2014年第4期4卷 204-213页

作者： Anthony M. Runco jr. james A. Louthain Dean A. Clauter Space and Missile Systems Center United States Air Force Los Angeles Air Force Base El Segundo CA USA Leidos Inc. Beavercreek OH USA Air force Technical Applications Center United States Air Force Patrick Air Force Base Cocoa Beach FL USA

We introduce novel methods to determine optimum detection thresholds for the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC) algorithm used by the International Data Centre (IDC) to perform infrasound and seismic station-level nuclear-event detection. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is used with real ground truth data to determine the trade-off between the probability of detection (PD) and the false alarm rate (fAR) at various detection thresholds. further, statistical detection theory via maximum a posteriori and Bayes cost approaches is used to determine station-level optimum “family” size thresholds before detections should be considered for network-level processing. These threshold-determining methods are extensible for family-characterizing statistics other than “size,” such as a family’s collective f-statistic or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Therefore, the reliability of analysts’ decisions as to whether families should be preserved for network-level processing can only benefit from access to multiple, independent, optimum decision thresholds based upon size, f-statistic, SNR, etc.

关键词： Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation PMCC Infrasound Nuclear Treaty Monitoring Detection Optimization

Spectral analysis of new black hole candidate AT2019wey observed by NuSTAR

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第1期65卷 92-102页

作者： Ye feng XueShan Zhao LiJun Gou Yufeng Li james fSteiner Javier AGarc´ıa Yuan Wang Nan Jia ZhenXuan Liao HuiXian Li Key Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge MA 02138USA cahill Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA Dr.Karl Remeis-Observatory and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics Bamberg 96052Germany School of Science Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

AT2019 wey is a new galactic X-ray binary that was first discovered as an optical transient by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System(ATLAS)on December 7,***2019 wey consists of a black hole candidate as well as a low-mass companion star(M_(star)≤1.0 M_(■))and is likely to have a short orbital period(P_(orb)≤16h).Although AT2019 wey began activation in the X-ray band on March 8,2020,it did not enter the soft state during almost the entire *** this study,we present a detailed spectral analysis of AT2019 wey in the low/hard state during its X-ray outburst on the basis of Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array(Nu S T AR)*** obtain tight constraints on several of its important physical parameters by applying the state of the art relxill relativistic reflection model *** particular,we determine that the measured inner radius of the accretion disk is most likely to have extended to the innermost stable circular orbit(ISCO)radius,i.e.,R_(in)=1.38^(+0.23)_(-0.16)R_(ISCO).Hence,assuming R_(in)=R_(ISCO),we find the spin of AT2019 wey to be a*~0.97,which is close to the extreme and an inner disk inclination angle of i~22°.Additionally,according to our adopted models,AT2019 wey tends to have a relatively high iron abundance of Afe~5A_(fe,■)and a high disk ionization state of logξ~3.4.

关键词： NuSTAR black hole physics X-rays binaries-stars individual AT2019wey

Consequences of Non-Uniformity in the Stoichiometry of Component fractions within One and Two Loops Models of α-Helical Peptides

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2014年第4期5卷 125-133页

作者： Walter f. Schmidt Cathleen J. Hapeman james Wachira Clayton G. Thomas United State Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Beltsville Maryland USA Department of Biology School of Computer Mathematical and Natural Sciences Morgan State University Baltimore Maryland USA Clarence M. Mitchell jr. School of Engineering Morgan State University Baltimore Maryland USA

A 3-D electrostatic density map generated using the Wavefront Topology System and finite Element Method clearly demonstrates the non-uniformity and periodicity present in even a single loop of an α-helix. The four dihedral angles (N-C*-C-N, C*-C-N-C*, and C-N-C*-C) fully define a helical shape independent of its length: the three dihedral angles, φ = -33.5°, ω = 177.3°, and Ψ = -69.4°, generate the precise (and identical) redundancy in a one loop (or longer) α-helical shape (pitch = 1.59 /residue;r = 2.25 ). Nevertheless the pattern of dihedral angles within an 11 and a 22-peptide backbone atom sequence cannot be distributed evenly because the stoichiometry in fraction of four atoms never divides evenly into 11 or 22 backbone atoms. Thus, three sequential sets of 11 backbone atoms in an α-helix will have a discretely different chemical formula and correspondingly different combinations of molecular forces depending upon the assigned starting atom in an 11-step sequence. We propose that the unit cell of one loop of an α-helix occurs in the peptide backbone sequence C-(N-C*-C)3-N which contains an odd number of C* plus even number of amide groups. A two-loop pattern (C*-C-N)7-C* contains an even number of C* atoms plus an odd number of amide groups. Dividing the two-loop pattern into two equal lengths, one fraction will have an extra half amide (N-H) and the other fraction will have an extra half amide C=O, i.e., the stoichiometry of each half will be different. Also, since the length of N-C*-C-N, C*-C-N-C*, and C-N-C*-C are unequal, the summation of the number of each in any fraction of n loops of an α-helix in sequence will always have unequal length, depending upon the starting atom (N, C*, or C).

关键词： Pattern Recognition α-Helix Dihedral Angle Patterns Peptide Backbone Sequence Molecular Orbital Theory Electrostatic Density Gradient Wavefront Topology System finite Element Method

Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan f Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya james D. Brodell jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel