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Anti-tumour necrosis factor agent and liver injury:literature review,recommendations for management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17352-17359页

作者： Roberta Elisa Rossi Ioanna Parisi Edward John Despott Andrew Kenneth Burroughs james O'Beirne Dario Conte Mark Ian Hamilton charles Daniel Murray Centre for Gastroenterology Royal Free HospitalLondon NW3 2QGUnited Kingdom Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplant Universita’ degli Studi di Milano20122 MilanoItaly Division of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Fondazione IRCCS Ca' GrandaOspedale Maggiore Policlinico20122 MilanoItaly Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre Royal Free Hospital and Institute of Liver and Digestive HealthLondon NW3 2PFUnited Kingdom

Abnormalities in liver function tests,including transient and self-limiting hypertransaminasemia,cholestatic disease and hepatitis,can develop during treatment with anti-tumour-necrosis-factor(TNF)*** optimal management of liver injury related to antiTNF therapy is still a matter of *** some authors recommend discontinuing treatment in case of both a rise of alanine aminotransferase more than5 times the upper limit of normal,or the occurrence of jaundice,there are no standard guidelines for the management of anti-TNF-related liver *** searches were performed in Pub Med,using the following key words:inflammatory bowel disease(IBD);TNF inhibitors;hypertransaminasemia;drugrelated liver injury;*** to published data,elevation of transaminases in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF is a common finding,but resolution appears to be the usual ***-TNF agents seem to be safe with a low risk of causing severe drugrelated liver *** to our centre experience,we found that hypertransaminasemia was a common,mainly self-limiting finding in our IBD cohort and was not correlated to infliximab treatment on both univariate and multivariate *** algorithm for the management of liver impairment occurring during antiTNF treatment is also proposed and this highlights the need of a multidisciplinary approach and suggests liver biopsy as a key-point in the management decision in case of severe rise of ***,hepatic injury is generally self-limiting and drug withdrawal seems to be an exception.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Tumour necrosis factor

The 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction:Expanding the Platform for Bridging Science and Policy Making

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 224-230页

作者： Andrew Collins Hirokazu Tatano Wilma james Chadia Wannous Kaoru Takara Virginia Murray charles Scawthorn Jim Mori Sarah Aziz Khalid M.Mosalam Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Elisabeth Krausmann Wei-Sen Li Ana Maria Cruz Subhajyoti Samaddar Tom De Groeve Yuichi Ono Kelvin Berryman Koji Suzuki Mark Ashley Parry Peter McGowran John G.Rees Department of Geography/Disaster and Development Network (DDN) Northumbria University Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Public Health England United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) Scientific and Technical Advisory Group and Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) Scientific Committee Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) University of CaliforniaBerkeley Centre for Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pacific Earthquake Engineering CenterUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeley International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) APEC Emergency Preparedness Capacity Building Center (EPCC) International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku University Natural Hazards Division GNS Science National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) British Geological Survey and Research Councils UK

The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,*** Global Alliance seeks to contribute to enhancing disaster risk reduction(DRR) and disaster resilience through the collaboration of research organizations around the *** summit aim was to expand the platform for bridging science and policy making by evaluating the evidence base needed to meet the expected outcomes and actions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster RiskReduction 2015–2030 and its Science and Technology *** summit reflected the international nature of collaborative research and action.A pre-conference questionnaire filled out by Global Alliance members identified323 research projects that are indicative of current *** were categorized to support seven parallel discussion sessions related to the Sendai Framework priorities for *** discussion sessions focused on research that aims to deepen the understanding of disaster *** cross-cutting sessions focused on research that is aimed at the priorities for action on governance,resilience,and *** summaries were presentedin plenary sessions in support of outcomes for widely enhancing the science and policy of DRR.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction research GADRI global summit Policy Science

Determining Environmental Impacts for Sensitive Species: Using Iconic Species as Bioindicators for Management and Policy

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第8期4卷 87-95页

作者： Joanna Burger Michael Gochfeld charles W. Powers james H. Clarke Kevin Brown David Kosson Lawrence Niles Amanda Dey Christian Jeitner Taryn Pittfield 1Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and CRESP Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 1Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and CRESP Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 1Division of Life Sciences Rutgers University Piscataway USA 2Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway USA 3Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 1Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway USA 2Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation Vanderbilt University Nashville USA 3Environmental and Occupational Medicine Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Piscataway USA Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey Greenwich USA Endangered and Nongame Species Program Department of Environmental Protection Trenton USA.

Environmental assessment of impacts, management, and policy are important aspects of protection of human health and the environment. Assessing the impacts of human activities requires selection of bioindicator species that can be used to assess, manage, and develop public policies that ensure ecosystem integrity, and therefore sustainability of social, cultural, and economic systems. With the use of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), Pacific Cod (Gadusmacrocephalus), Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), and Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa), we explore assessment and measurement endpoints, and their relationship to management and development of public policy. This combination of fish and birds provides a diversity of life histories, ecosystem roles, human values, and resource use to explore their use as bioindicators and endpoints. It also allows examination of 1) conservation and protection of species and biodiversity, 2) protection of ecosystems, 3) provision of goods and services, and 4) societal well-being.

关键词： Assessment Bioindicators Contaminants Endpoints Management Public Policy Fish Birds

Mental health status in veterans residing in rural versus non-rural areas: results from the veterans’ health study

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Military Medical Research 2021年第1期8卷 79-89页

作者： Joseph J.Boscarino charles R.Figley Richard E.Adams Thomas G.Urosevich H.Lester Kirchner Joseph A.Boscarino Clinical Psychology Department William James CollegeNewtonMA 02459USA School of Social Work Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Sociology Kent State UniversityKentOH 44242USA Ophthalmology Service Geisinger ClinicMount PoconoPA 18344USA Department of Population Health Sciences Geisinger Clinic100 N.Academy Avenue44-00DanvillePA 17822USA

Background: The majority of Veterans Affair(VA) hospitals are in urban areas. We examined whether veterans residing in rural areas have lower mental health service use and poorer mental health ***: Veterans with at least 1 warzone deployment in central and northeastern Pennsylvania were randomly selected for an interview. Mental health status, including posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD), major depression, alcohol abuse and mental health global severity, were assessed using structured interviews. Psychiatric service use was based on self-reported utilization in the past 12 months. Results were compared between veterans residing in rural and non-rural areas. Data were also analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to minimize the influence by confounding ***: A total of 1730 subjects(55% of the eligible veterans) responded to the survey and 1692 of them had complete geocode information. Those that did not have this information(n=38), were excluded from some analyses. Veterans residing in rural areas were older, more often of the white race, married, and experienced fewer stressful events. In comparison to those residing in non-rural areas, veterans residing in rural areas had lower global mental health severity scores;they also had fewer mental health visits. In multivariate logistic regression, rural residence was associated with lower service use, but not with PTSD, major depression, alcohol abuse, and global mental health severity score after adjusting confounding factors(e.g., age, gender, marital status and education).Conclusions: Rural residence is associated with lower mental health service use, but not with poor mental health in veterans with former warzone deployment, suggesting rural residence is possibly protective.

关键词： Veterans Rural Risk factors PTSD Alcohol abuse Depression Service use Census data

A case study of multi-seam coal mine entry stability analysis with strength reduction method

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矿业科学技术学报：英文版 2016年第2期26卷 193-198页

作者： Tulu Ihsan Berk Esterhuizen Gabriel S. Klemetti Ted Murphy Michael M. Sumner james Sloan Michael Ground Control Branch NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research Pittsburgh PA 15216 USA Lone Mountain Processing Inc. St. Charles VA 24282 USA

In this paper,the advantage of using numerical models with the strength reduction method(SRM) to evaluate entry stability in complex multiple-seam conditions is demonstrated.A coal mine under variable topography from the Central Appalachian region is used as a case *** this mine,unexpected roof conditions were encountered during development below previously mined *** mapping and observation of ground conditions were used to quantify the success of entry support systems in three room-and-pillar *** model analyses were initially conducted to estimate the stresses induced by the multiple-seam mining at the locations of the affected *** SRM was used to quantify the stability factor of the supported roof of the entries at selected *** SRM-calculated stability factors were compared with observations made during the site visits,and the results demonstrate that the SRM adequately identifies the unexpected roof conditions in this complex *** is concluded that the SRM can be used to effectively evaluate the likely success of roof supports and the stability condition of entries in coal mines.

关键词：稳定性分析强度折减煤层巷道多煤层开采实例数值模型煤矿井下应力影响

A first assessment of Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 225-244页

作者： Alba Yánez Manuela Dal-Forno Frank Bungartz Robert Lücking james D.Lawrey Biodiversity Assessment Charles Darwin Foundation(AISBL)Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosEcuador Universidad Central del Ecuador QuitoEcuador Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of Galapagos lichens,a first assessment of the morphology and anatomy of basidiolichens from the archipelago is presented *** is the basis for further studies of the taxonomy,ecology and biogeography of this poorly known group of *** genera,all in Hygrophoraceae,can be distinguished:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum and *** Acantholichen and Cora are characterized by chroococcoid cyanobionts and a heteromerous thallus with a distinct upper cortex and photobiont *** monotypic Acantholichen pannarioides is entirely composed of small,branched,inflated squamules that appear densely pruinose because their cortical hyphae bear characteristically swollen,densely spinose end cells(acanthohyphidia);this species has never been observed *** common Cora glabrata is foliose,forming large,radially zonate,conch-like,often tiled thalli,when fertile with circular lines of basidiocarps on its lower *** is distinguished by filamentous cyanobionts and distinctly filamentous thalli that are homomereous(i.e.,not distinctly layered);all species of Dictyonema *** trichomes(filamentose cyanobacterial photobionts)closely enveloped by fungal cells of a jigsaw *** *** thallus filaments(i.e.,individual fibrils)aggregate to form shelf-like structures similar in appearance to polyporoid bracket fungi;basidiocarps develop in irregular patches on the lower side of these *** contrast,fibrils of *** grow encrusting their substrate with irregularly to suberect trichomes,occasionally bearing basidiocarps dispersed across the *** other species in Galapagos show adpressed growth form and are described here as new:Dictyonema pectinatum,which is characterized by large parallel fibrils with paler,papillate tips,and ***,characterized by thin trichomes of more squarrish elongate *** genus Cyphellostereum is represented by two species:the newly describ

关键词： Census of Galapagos Biodiversity Galapagos Lichen Inventory Acantholichen Cora Cyphellostereum Dictyonema

High levels of endemism among Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第4期85卷 45-73页

作者： Manuela Dal Forno Frank Bungartz Alba Yanez-Ayabaca Robert Lücking james D.Lawrey Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St&Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Puerto AyoraGalapagosEcuador School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityPO Box 874501TempeAZ 85287-4501USA Facultad de Ciencias Agricolas Universidad Central del EcuadorCiudadela UniversitariaQuitoEcuador Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KoniginLuise-Straße 6–814195 BerlinGermany Science&Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA

This study is a re-assessment of basidiolichen diversity in the Galapagos *** present a molecular phylogenetic analysis,based on 92 specimens from Galapagos,using two nuclear ribosomal DNA markers(ITS and nuLSU).We also re-examined the morphology and anatomy of all sequenced *** molecular results confirm our previous assessment that all Galapagos basidiolichens belong to the Dictyonema clade,which in Galapagos is represented by four genera:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum,and *** species previously reported from Galapagos in these genera were at the time believed to represent widely distributed *** conclusion,however,has changed with the inclusion of molecular *** almost the same number of species is distinguished,the phylogenetic data now suggest that all are restricted to the Galapagos *** them,six species are proposed here as new to science,namely Cora galapagoensis,Cyphellostereum unoquinoum,Dictyonema barbatum,***,***,and ***;and four species have already been described previously,namely Acantholichen galapagoensis,Cora santacruzensis,Dictyonema pectinatum,and ***,here recombined as Cyphellostereum *** analysis is set on a very broad phylogenetic framework,which includes a large number of specimens(N=826)mainly from Central and South America,and therefore strongly suggests an unusually high level of endemism previously not *** analysis also shows that the closest relatives of half of the basidiolichens now found in Galapagos are from mainland Ecuador,implying that they reached the islands through the shortest route,with all species arriving on the islands through independent colonization events.

关键词： Lichens Systematics Biodiversity Evolution Lichenizedbasidiomycetes Galapagos

Genetic variants in the ADD1 and GNB3 genes and bloodpressure response to potassium supplementation

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Frontiers of Medicine 2010年第1期4卷 59-66页

作者： Dai-Hai YU De-Pei LIU Lai-Yuan WANG Jing CHEN Cashell E.JAQUISH Dabeeru C.RAO james E.HIXSON Jian-Feng HUANG Chung-Shiuan CHEN charles GU Ji-Chun CHEN Jie CAO Shu-Feng CHEN Paul K.WHELTON Jiang HE Dong-Feng GU Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Population Genetics Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Chinese National Human Genome Center at Beijing Beijing 100176China Department of Epidemiology Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Medicine Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA National Heart Lungand Blood InstituteNational Institute of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Washington University in St.Louis School of Medicine St.LouisMO 63110USA University of Texas School of Public Health HoustonTX 77030USA Loyola University Medical Center MaywoodIL 60153USA

Dietary potassium-supplementation has been associated with a decreased risk of hypertension and other cardiovascular ***,blood pressure(BP)responses to potassium supplementation vary among *** study was designed to examine the association between 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in the adducin 1 alpha(ADD1)and guanine nucleotide binding protein(G protein)beta polypeptide 3(GNB3)genes and systolic BP(SBP),diastolic BP(DBP),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)responses to *** conducted a 7-day high-sodium intervention(307.8 mmol sodium/day)followed by a 7-day high-sodium with potassium-supplementation(60 mmol potassium/day)among 1906 Han Chinese participants from rural north *** measurements were obtained at the end of each intervention period using a random-zero *** identiﬁed signiﬁcant associations between ADD1 variant rs17833172 and SBP,DBP,and MAP responses to potassium-supplementation(all P<0.0001)that remained signiﬁcant after adjustment for multiple *** participants that were heterozygous or homozygous for the G allele of this marker,SBP,DBP,and MAP response to potassium-supplementation were–3.52(–3.82,–3.21),–1.41(–1.66,–1.15)and–2.12(–2.37,–1.87),respectively,as compared to the corresponding responses of 1.99(0.25,3.73),–0.65(–0.10,–0.21),and–0.23(–0.37,0.83),respectively,for those who were homozygous for A *** addition,participants with at least one copy of the G allele of rs12503220 of the ADD1 gene had significantly increased DBP and MAP response to potassium-supplementation(P=0.0041 and 0.01,respectively),which was also significant after correction for multiple *** and MAP responses to potassiumsupplementation were–1.36(–1.63,–1.10)and–2.07(–2.32,–1.82)for those with at least G allele compared to corresponding responses of 0.86(–0.68,2.40)and–0.45(–1.74,0.84)for those who were homozygous for A *** summary,our study identified novel associations between

关键词： blood pressure genetics polymorphism dietary potassium potassium sensitivity adducin 1 alpha(ADD1) guanine nucleotide binding protein beta polypeptide 3(GNB3)

Enhancer variants reveal a conserved transcription factor network governed by PU.1 during osteoclast differentiation

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 83-94页

作者： Heather A.Carey Blake E.Hildreth III Jennifer A.Geisler Mara C.Nickel Jennifer Cabrera Sankha Ghosh Yue Jiang Jing Yan james Lee Sandeep Makam Nicholas A.Young Giancarlo R.Valiente Wael N.Jarjour Kun Huang Thomas J.Rosol Ramiro E.Toribio Julia F.charles Michael C.Ostrowski Sudarshana M.Sharma Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina Division of Rheumatology Immunology and Allergy Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School Division of Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs) have been instrumental in understanding complex phenotypic traits. However, they have rarely been used to understand lineage-specific pathways and functions that contribute to the trait. In this study, by integrating lineage-specific enhancers from mesenchymal and myeloid compartments with bone mineral density loci, we were able to segregate osteoblast-and osteoclast(OC)-specific functions. Specifically, in OCs, a PU.1-dependent transcription factor(TF)network was revealed. Deletion of PU.1 in OCs in mice resulted in severe osteopetrosis. Functional genomic analysis indicated PU.1 and MITF orchestrated a TF network essential for OC differentiation. Several of these TFs were regulated by cooperative binding of PU.1 with BRD4 to form superenhancers. Further, PU.1 is essential for conformational changes in the superenhancer region of Nfatc1. In summary, our study demonstrates that combining GWASs with genome-wide binding studies and model organisms could decipher lineage-specific pathways contributing to complex disease states.

关键词： Genome-wide GWASs MITF