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亚热带森林植物的叶片和根系功能性状部分耦合但具有不同的群落性状分布格局

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第1期17卷 94-110页

作者： Wenqi Luo Oscar J Valverde-Barrantes Monique Weemstra james F Cahill jr Zi Wang Dong He Yongfa Chen Chengjin Chu Youshi Wang State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences/School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China International Center for Tropical Botany Department of Biological SciencesFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 2E9Canada School of Ecology and the Environment Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China

植物的生态过程依赖于叶片和根系的功能运行,但少有研究同时关注这两类性状在群落中的分布格局(CTD)。本文测定了广东亚热带森林44种共生木本植物的16个叶片和根系性状,旨在检验类比的叶片和根系性状是否耦合,是否沿类似的功能性状谱变... 详细信息

植物的生态过程依赖于叶片和根系的功能运行,但少有研究同时关注这两类性状在群落中的分布格局(CTD)。本文测定了广东亚热带森林44种共生木本植物的16个叶片和根系性状,旨在检验类比的叶片和根系性状是否耦合,是否沿类似的功能性状谱变异,是否表现出类似的CTD,其CTD和群落加权平均性状值(CWM)是否沿环境梯度表现出类似的响应。研究结果表明,叶片和根系性状变异的第一轴均呈显出由资源获取向资源保守变异的经济学谱,但叶片变异的第二轴主要由叶片碳含量表征,而根系变异的第二轴主要由反映菌根协作程度的根系粗细表征。类比的叶片和根系化学性状整体正相关,但形态性状的耦合程度较低。在群落水平上,叶片和根系性状第一轴的CWM均随海拔升高而变得更保守,而第二轴的变化则不一致。随土壤磷含量的降低或钾含量的升高,根系变得更细和在养分性状上更保守,而叶片性状无显著变化。当整合多维性状轴时,叶片性状呈发散格局,且随海拔、土壤磷和钾含量的增加呈收敛趋势;而根系性状呈收敛格局,但沿上述环境梯度呈发散趋势。该研究强调,叶片和根系性状与环境互作的差异可能导致不同的性状分布格局;植物可通过多样的地上和地下功能设计应对环境异质性。

关键词：性状维度群落构建叶片性状根系性状植物经济谱群落性状结构亚热带森林

Review of endoscopic techniques in the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第19期14卷 2995-2999页

作者： Katherine Nguyen james T Sing jr Scott & White Clinic Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare malignancy of the biliary tract. Key factors in determining therapeutic options include knowledge of tumor extent, anatomy and obtaining tissue diagnosis. Endoscopically, there are three modalities available to make the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. These include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration and cholangioscopy. Management of cholangiocarcinoma endoscopically is typically confined to stent placement for palliative purposes or as a bridge to surgery. In this article, we will review the endoscopic techniques available for the diagnosis and management of cholangiocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic cholangiopancreatography Cholangioscopy Diagnosis Hanagement

Roles of Financial Innovation and Information Technology:Lessons from US Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis and Its Implications for China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2012年第3期22卷 343-355页

作者： james H LENZER jr Simon Xiaobin ZHAO International Center for China Development Studies & Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciencesthe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The mortgage loan has evolved from a local lending instrument into a major global security and its role is unparallel to other financial instruments in the process of financial globalization. This paper explains how technology and financial innovation transformed the mortgage loan from a local security into a premier global security traded worldwide. It examines the fundamental flaws of this process and why it does not work in regards to mortgage lending and the re-securitization products that were created through financial innovation. The findings show that regulation was unable to keep pace with financial innovation, which created an environment where actors in the financial service sector were able to behave geographically irresponsibly by using information asymmetries to their advantage by par- ticipating in moral hazard activities and engaging in other immoral and unethical business practices that were centered around localized geography, which ultimately contributed to the global financial crisis. It also examines the roll of financial innovation in regard to the Lehman Brothers Mini-Bond in Hung and its role as a driving force behind China＇s newly emerging shadow banking sector. It concludes with a policy recommendation and its implication for China＇s continued economic development.

关键词： shadow banking US sub-prime mortgage crisis financial tsunami global financial crisis wealth man- agement vehicle China asset bubble

Changing structure of China's meat imports

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 1081-1091页

作者： CHENG Ya-hao Zhifeng Gao james Seale jr. Department of Economics Nankai University Food and Resource Economics Department University of Florida

This paper discusses the determinants of meat imports of China. Results indicate that import demand is mostly determined by import price and real GDP. Imported price has a negative effect and real GDP has a positive influence on import quantity. Tariff does not have a significant effect. As GDP and consumption capacity increases, China has a large potential demand for meat imports. Some countries may gain if China＇s economy continues expanding, while others, like the United States, are the most sensitive to the trade policy of China.

关键词： imports Zealand expanding Australia income prices capita Fresh mostly accounting

Demographics, societal aging, and meat consumption in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 995-1007页

作者： MIN Shi BAI Jun-fei james Seale jr. Thomas Wahl Institute of Development and Agricultural Economics Leibniz University Hannover College of Economics and Management China Agricultural University Department of Food and Resource Economics University of Florida Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics North Dakota State University

Drawn on the data collected by surveying 1 340 urban households from six cities in China, this paper estimates the impacts of demographic structure and population aging on household meat consumption, by jointly considering meat consumed at home and away from home. Based on the trajectories of population, a simple simulation on meat demand trend in China is conducted subsequently. The results suggest： 1） Meat consumed away from home averagely accounts for near 30% of household total meat consumption in terms of quantity, so that its omission likely leads to a significant underestimate of total meat consumption and misunderstanding the driving forces; 2） population aging significantly and negatively affects per capita meat consumption, suggesting that the expected meat demand in China without considering population aging will be overestimated. The findings from this study have important implications for better understanding the relative issues on China＇s meat consumption under the situation of population aging.

关键词： capita household consumed income demographic jointly likely surveying estimates proportion

An Assessment on the Regional Integration of the Mano River Union (MRU) Countries: Challenges and Opportunities

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An Assessment on the Regional Integration of the Mano River ...

作者： james Kpehe Kortu,jr 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

区域一体化与合作的理念在撒哈拉以南非洲地区已存在并实行了数十年。在特定地理环境中,区域一体化是促进经济合作、可持续性、社会基础设施发展和文化发展、和平、安全与和谐的工具。马诺河联盟的前景区域一体化是加强次区域社会经济... 详细信息

区域一体化与合作的理念在撒哈拉以南非洲地区已存在并实行了数十年。在特定地理环境中,区域一体化是促进经济合作、可持续性、社会基础设施发展和文化发展、和平、安全与和谐的工具。马诺河联盟的前景区域一体化是加强次区域社会经济、和平与稳定、安全和更美好生活的渠道。对之前的研究进行整合,它的需要是不可估量的,因为它有助于缓解冲突,有利于经济活动、和平、安全,有助分区域内管理及控制腐败。这项研究的目的是:对正处于当时代挑战和机遇的马诺河联盟(MRU)国家区域一体化进行评估。本研究旨在明确MRU一体化的重要性,特别在经济和安全形势这一块。在以前的研究中,许多研究人员已经明确了区域一体化的重要性,但这些研究并不在MRU子区域内。因此,本研究试图对区域一体化的因素(主要是在MRU的经济和安全性这方面)进行辩证分析,并为挑战和机遇提供解决方案。这项研究也关注马诺河联盟的发展和发展。该研究是通过在线调查进行的,其中约八十二名受访者涉及分区域的专业和外交使团。SPSS分析统计软件用于分析研究数据。研究结果显示,超过65%的政府官员、公职人员、私人雇员、高管和学生参加了这项研究,都认为区域一体化有助于MRU国家的和平与安全,而70%的参与者认为成员国逐渐恢复民主治理能说明一体化的成功。此外,研究发现,86.2%的参与者认为需要加强秘书处和公共部门,而近80%的参与者承认包括疟疾、结核病、艾滋病在内的疾病继续威胁到人口对经济发展构成严重挑战。研究中发现,包括气候变化和非法占用森林土地等一些问题极大增加了下属区域社会和经济一体化的不确定性。基于本次调查的结果,本研究对行动提出了一系列建议和结论。

关键词：区域一体化马诺河联盟(MRU 评估挑战和机遇

Control of pain with topical plant medicines

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第4期5卷 268-273页

作者： james David Adams jr. Xiaogang Wang University of Southern California School of Pharmacy

Pain is normally treated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opioids. These drugs are dangerous and are responsible for many hospitalizations and deaths. It is much safer to use topical preparations made from plants to treat pain, even severe pain. Topical preparations must contain compounds that penetrate the skin, inhibit pain receptors such as transient receptor potential cation channels and cyclooxygenase-2, to relieve pain. Inhibition of pain in the skin disrupts the pain cycle and avoids exposure of internal organs to large amounts of toxic compounds. Use of topical pain relievers has the potential to save many lives, decrease medical costs and improve therapy.

关键词： Traditional healing Liniment Topical preparation Pain control

Endophytic and pathogenic fungi of developing cranberry ovaries from flower to mature fruit:diversity and succession

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 101-116页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Marshall S.Bergen Jennifer Johnson-Cicalese james J.Polashock Nicholi Vorsa james F.White jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Philip E.Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension Rutgers University125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory USDA-ARS125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA

Culturable fungal population diversity and succession was investigated in developing cranberry ovaries of fruit rot-resistant and rot-susceptible cranberry selections,from flower through mature *** were recovered in culture from 1185 of 1338 ovary tissues collected from June to September,yielding 2255 isolates that represented 42 *** the season,species richness varied from 2 to 17 and 2 to 18 in rot-resistant and rotsusceptible selections,respectively,increasing from wk1 to wk10 and then gradually declining to ***-Wiener diversity index varied from 0.27 to 2.32 in rotresistant and 0.18 to 2.38 in rot-susceptible,and Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.11 to 0.63 and 0.06 to 0.64 in rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,respectively,confirming that diversity of fungi in developing ovaries was similar among rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,but varied among sampling time *** component analysis grouped samples collected at the same sampling time point together regardless of rot susceptibility of the selections,and detected the predominant fungal species associated with each stage of *** changes were observed in populations of endophytic,pathogenic and saprophytic fungi throughout the season as ovaries matured.

关键词： Aetiology Cranberry fruit rot Pathogens Phenology Resistance Vaccinium macrocarpon

The "Regulative" Idea from Kant to William james

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哲学门 2004年第S1期5卷 216-233页

作者： james behuniak.jr. University of Hawaii USA

There are various routes that one might take in coming to understand American *** routes,however,are as direct as that which departs from Kant and arrives at William james.

关键词： William however ism