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Association between dairy intake,lipids and vascular structure and function in diabetes

World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第5期8卷 202-212页

作者： Kristina S Petersen Jennifer B Keogh Natalie Lister jacquelyn m weir Peter J meikle Peter m Clifton School of Pharmacy and medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research University of South Australia Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

AIm To determine lipid species that change in response to a change in dairy consumption. In addition, to investigate whether dairy associated lipid species are correlated with changes in measures of vascular structure and *** A 12-mo randomised controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of increased consumption of fruit, vegetables and dairy, compared to usual diet, on measures of vascular structure and function in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes(n = 108). Thispaper comprises post-hoc analyses investigating the relationship between dairy intake, serum lipid species and vascular health. Central and peripheral blood pressure, carotid femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, serum lipid species and dietary intake were measured at baseline and 3-mo. Common carotid artery intima media thickness was measured at baseline and *** Serum lipid species [lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC) 14:0, LPC 15:0, LPC 16:1, phosphatidylcholine(PC) 29:0 PC 30:0, PC 31:0 and cholesterol ester(CE) 14:0] were associated with the change in full fat dairy consumption(rho 0.19-0.25; P mo change in some lipids was positively associated with the 3-mo change in central systolic [LPC 14:0(rho 0.30; P = 0.007), PC 30:0(rho 0.28; P = 0.010)] and diastolic blood pressure [LPC 14:0(rho 0.32; P = 0.004), LPC 15:0(rho 0.23; P = 0.04), LPC 16:1(rho 0.23; P = 0.035), PC 29:0(rho 0.28; P = 0.01), PC 30:0(rho 0.36; P = 0.001), PC 31:0(rho 0.30; P = 0.007)] and 12-mo change in common carotid artery intimal medial thickness [CE 14:0(rho 0.22; P = 0.02)]. Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index were unrelated to dairy and lipid *** An increase in dairy associated lipids appears to be associated with an increase in blood pressure and common carotid intimal medial thickness.

关键词： Lipids Phospholipids Atherosclerosis Dairy Lysophosphatidylcholine Lipidomics Carotid intima media thickness Pulse wave velocity Diabetes

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Application of the modified vaccination technique for the prevention and cure of chronic ailments

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2010年第2期3卷 160-166页

作者： Arpad Z Barabas Chad D Cole Arpad D Barabas Richard m Graeff Rene Lafreniere Donald m weir Department of Surgery University of Calgary Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota University of Edinburgh medical School

Over the years vaccination has proven to be the most successful health protection program for large populations,to prevent them from acquiring serious infectious and contagious diseases caused by exogenous antigens(ags) such as bacteria and *** is generally achieved by an active immunization program,though passive immunization has also been employed, especially in the past,to combat diseases caused by certain bacterial infections(***, diphtheria,etc.). most recently,encouraging research data suggests that therapeutic approaches employing vaccination techniques can also be used to correct or deal with mishaps induced by or involving endogenous ***,most attempts at employing conventional vaccination techniques to do so have proven less than *** the case of cancer,one of the reasons for this is that the presentation of cancer related ags in presently available immunization frameworks is unable to evoke a powerful,specific cancer killing ***,drug treatments have been required in order to achieve additional beneficial effects. Recently,the Barabas group has developed a new vaccination technique(the third vaccination method,after active and passive immunization) called modified Vaccination Technique(mVT). In experiments the mVT has been able to prevent-and with equal effectiveness,terminatemishaps induced by or involving endogenous ags,*** an experimental autoimmune kidney disease called slowly progressive Heymann nephritis(SPHN). The mVT is safe,and is able to initiate a specific immune response in the injected host(provided the injected components are in pure form).The mVT promises to provide the next generation of vaccines for the prevention,treatment,and termination of chronic disorders in humans,such as autoimmune diseases,cancer,and chronic infections.

关键词： Autoimmunity modified vaccination technique Prophylactic Therapeutic

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No signature of selection on the C-terminal region of glucose transporter 2 with the evolution of avian nectarivory

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 380-390页

作者： Alexander m.myrka Tooba Shah Jason T.weir Kenneth C.Welch Jr. Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto25 Harbord St.TorontoON M5S 3G5Canada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Scarborough1265 Military TrailTorontoON M1C 1A4Canada

Background:Flying birds,especially those that hover,need to meet high energetic *** that meet this demand through nectarivory face the added challenges of maintaining homeostasis in the face of spikes in blood sugar associated with nectar meals,as well as transporting that sugar to energetically demanding *** has evolved many times in birds and we hypothesized that the challenges of this dietary strategy would exert selective pressure on key aspects of metabolic ***,we hypothesized we would find convergent or parallel amino acid substitutions among different nectarivorous lineages in a protein important to sensing,regulating,and transporting glucose,glucose transporter 2(GLUT2).methods:Genetic sequences for GLUT2 were obtained from ten pairs of nectarivorous and non-nectarivorous sister *** performed PCR amplification of the intracellular C-terminal domain of GLUT2 and adjacent protein domains due to the role of this region in determination of transport rate,substrate specificity and ***:Our findings have ruled out the C-terminal regulatory region of GLUT2 as a target for selection by sugar-rich diet among avian nectarivores,though selection among hummingbirds,the oldest avian nectarivores,cannot be ***:Our results indicate future studies should examine down-stream targets of GLUT2-mediated glucosensing and insulin secretion,such as insulin receptors and their targets,as potential sites of selection by nectarivory in birds.

关键词： GLUT2 Nectarivory Avian Glucosensing Glucose Diet Insulin signalling

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Evaluation of three-dimensional biofilms on antibacterial bonding agents containing novel quaternary ammonium methacrylates

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第2期6卷 77-86页

作者： Han Zhou michael D weir Joseph m Antonucci Gary E Schumacher Xue-Dong Zhou Hockin H K Xu Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore USA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Biomaterials Group Biosystems and Biomaterials Division National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburg USA Dr. Anthony Volpe Research Center American Dental Association Foundation Gaithersburg USA Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore USA Department of mechanical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County USA

Antibacterial adhesives are promising to inhibit biofilms and secondary caries. The objectives of this study were to synthesize and incorporate quaternary ammonium methacrylates into adhesives, and investigate the alkyl chain length effects on three-dimensional biofilms adherent on adhesives for the first time. Six quaternary ammonium methacrylates with chain lengths of 3, 6, 9, 12, 16 and 18 were synthesized and incorporated into Scotchbond multi-Purpose. Streptococcus mutans bacteria were cultured on resin to form biofilms. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to measure biofilm thickness, live/dead volumes and live-bacteria percentage vs. distance from resin surface. Biofilm thickness was the greatest for Scotchbond control; it decreased with increasing chain length, reaching a minimum at chain length 16. Live-biofilm volume had a similar trend. Dead-biofilm volume increased with increasing chain length. The adhesive with chain length 9 had 37% live bacteria near resin surface, but close to 100% live bacteria in the biofilm top section. For chain length 16, there were nearly 0% live bacteria throughout the three-dimensional biofilm. In conclusion, strong antibacterial activity was achieved by adding quaternary ammonium into adhesive, with biofilm thickness and live-biofilm volume decreasing as chain length was increased from 3 to 16. Antibacterial adhesives typically only inhibited bacteria close to its surface; however, adhesive with chain length 16 had mostly dead bacteria in the entire three-dimensional biofilm. Antibacterial adhesive with chain length 16 is promising to inhibit biofilms at the margins and combat secondary caries.

关键词： alkyl chain length antibacterial bondingagent dental caries quaternaryammonium methacrylate Streptococcusmutans three-dimensional biofilm

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Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass in the tropical woodlands of Ghana, West Africa

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 539-561页

作者： Raymond Aabeyir Stephen Adu-Bredu Wilson Agyei Agyare michael J.C.weir Department of Environment and Resource Studies UDS-Wa CampusWaGhana WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Land Use KNUSTKumasiGhana Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Division CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of GhanaKumasiGhana Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering KNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Natural Resources Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands

Background: modelling aboveground biomass(AGB) in forest and woodland ecosystems is critical for accurate estimation of carbon stocks. However, scarcity of allometric models for predicting AGB remains an issue that has not been adequately addressed in Africa. In particular, locally developed models for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands of Ghana have received little attention. In the absence of locally developed allometric models, Ghana will continue to use Tier 1 biomass data through the application of pantropic models. Without local allometric models it is not certain how Ghana would achieve Tier 2 and 3 levels under the United Nations programme for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. The objective of this study is to develop a mixedspecies allometric model for use in estimating AGB for the tropical woodlands in Ghana. Destructive sampling was carried out on 745 trees(as part of charcoal production) for the development of allometric equations. Diameter at breast height(dbh, i.e. 1.3 m above ground level), total tree height(H) and wood density(ρ) were used as predictors for the models. Seven models were compared and the best model selected based on model efficiency,bias(%) and corrected Akaike Information Criterion. The best model was validated by comparing its results with those of the pantropic model developed by Chave et al.(Glob Chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) using equivalence test and conventional paired ***: The results revealed that the best model for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands is AGB =0.0580ρ((dbh)2 H)0.999. The equivalence test showed that this model and the pantropic model developed by Chave et al.(Glob Chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) were equivalent within ±10% of their mean predictions(p-values mean(181.44 ± 18.25 kg) of the model predictions of the best model of this s

关键词： Charcoal Diameter at breast height Tree height Wood density Savannah woodland

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基于影像组学、形态学及力学组学预测心肌桥患者冠脉粥样硬化的发生发展

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医用生物力学 2024年第S1期 57-57页

作者：郑金陈艳春孙权琳周帆周傲陈坚陈洋王烁黄源滕忠照张龙江 Jonathan R weir-mcCall Department of Radiology University of Cambridge 南京医科大学附属金陵临床医学院东部战区总医院放射诊断科南京大学医学院附属金陵医院南京景三医疗科技有限公司复旦大学基础医学院数字医学研究中心 Department of Applied mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Section of Cardiorespiratory medicine Department of Medicine University of Cambridge 东部战区总医院放射诊断科 School of Clinical medicine University of Cambridge Royal Papworth Hospital

目的心肌桥(mB)与动脉粥样硬化的发生有潜在联系。本研究旨在利用基于冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的放射组学和基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的力学组学组合预测动脉粥样硬化的产生。方法本研究包含了91例在左冠状动脉前降支中段(m LAD)存在m...

目的心肌桥(mB)与动脉粥样硬化的发生有潜在联系。本研究旨在利用基于冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的放射组学和基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的力学组学组合预测动脉粥样硬化的产生。方法本研究包含了91例在左冠状动脉前降支中段(m LAD)存在mB且近段(p LAD)无明显狭窄的患者。在随访期间(2.9 [1.8,3.9]年),39例患者在p LAD产生了动脉粥样硬化。对于传统参数,首先测量了形态学参数,如深度和面积并计算了影像学信息,如冠脉周围脂肪组织(PCAT)衰减。同时,进行了CFD模拟,计算冠状动脉血流储备(CT-FFR)。对于组学参数,提取了形态学和放射组学特征。同时,提出了一种新方法来分析CFD结果以生成力学组学特征并开发了包含传统和组学特征的模型用于预测动脉粥样硬化的发生。结果在3 636个放射组学特征中,有2 446个(67%)表现出良好以上的稳健性(ICC≥0.75)。在构建的15个弹性网络模型中,仅基于周围冠状放射组学和结合形态学、放射组学和力学组学的模型在预测动脉粥样硬化发展方面表现最佳,其AUC分别为0.78 [0.69,0.88]和0.78 [0.68,0.87](95%置信区间)。结论本研究强调了冠状动脉周围放射组学的重要性,并展示了结合放射组学、形态学和力学组学特征预测mB患者动脉粥样硬化产生的潜力。

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Non-responsive celiac disease in children on a gluten free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1311-1320页

作者： Gopal Veeraraghavan Amelie Therrien maya Degroote Allison mcKeown Paul D mitchell Jocelyn A Silvester Daniel A Leffler Alan m Leichtner Ciaran P Kelly Dascha C weir Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States The Celiac Center Department of Medicine and Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA 02215United States Celiac Research Program Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Gastrointestinal Therapeutics Takeda Pharmaceutical International CoCambridgeMA 02139United States

BACKGROUND Non-responsive celiac disease(NRCD) is defined as the persistence of symptoms in individuals with celiac disease(CeD) despite being on a gluten-free diet(GFD). There is scant literature about NRCD in the pediatric *** To determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and underlying causes of NRCD in *** Retrospective cohort study performed at Boston Children’s Hospital(BCH). Children mpatible with marsh Ⅲ histology between 2008 and 2012 were identified in the BCH’s Celiac Disease Program database. medical records were longitudinally reviewed from the time of diagnosis through September 2015. NRCD was defined as persistent symptoms at 6 mo after the initiation of a GFD and causes of NRCD as well as symptom evolution were detailed. The children without symptoms at 6 mo(responders) were compared with the NRCD group. Additionally, presenting signs and symptoms at the time of diagnosis of CeD among the responders and NRCD patients were collected and compared to identify any potential predictors for NRCD at 6 mo of GFD *** Six hundred and sixteen children were included. Ninety-one(15%) met criteria for NRCD. most were female(77%). Abdominal pain [odds ratio(OR) 1.8 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.1-2.9], constipation(OR 3.1 95%CI 1.9-4.9) and absence of abdominal distension(OR for abdominal distension 0.4 95%CI 0.1-0.98) at diagnosis were associated with NRCD. NRCD was attributed to a wide variety of diagnoses with gluten exposure(30%) and constipation(20%) being the most common causes. Other causes for NRCD included lactose intolerance(9%), gastroesophageal reflux(8%), functional abdominal pain(7%), irritable bowel syndrome(3%), depression/anxiety(3%), eosinophilic esophagitis(2%), food allergy(1%), eating disorder(1%), gastric ulcer with Helicobacter pylori(1%), lymphocytic colitis(1%), aerophagia(1%) and undetermined(13%). 64% of children with NRCD

关键词： Celiac disease Non-responsive celiac disease Children Gluten-free diet Constipation Abdominal pain

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Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties

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Bone Research 2017年第4期5卷 286-304页

作者： Hockin HK Xu Ping Wang Lin Wang Chongyun Bao Qianming Chen michael D weir Laurence C Chow Liang Zhao Xuedong Zhou mark A Reynolds Department of Endodontics Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland School of DentistryBaltimoreMD 21201USA Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA University of maryland mariene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA mechanical Engineering Department University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMD 21250USA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China VIP Integrated Department Stomatological Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130011China Volpe Research Center American Dental Association FoundationNational Institute of Standards&TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China

Calcium phosphate cements （CPCs） are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability, bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs, including 3D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and pre- vascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.

关键词： CPC BmSCs Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties

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Performance Characteristics of ELISA to Detect Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Antibodies Using Colostrum

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2015年第2期5卷 35-41页

作者： Caitlin J. Jenvey Andrew m. weir michael P. Reichel Peter D. Cockcroft School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide Roseworthy Campus Roseworthy Australia Eltham District Veterinary Service Eltham New Zealand

Colostrum contains substantially higher concentrations of immunoglobulins (Igs) when compared with serum or milk, which may improve the diagnostic sensitivity of an antibody ELISA when using colostrum. In this study, BVD was used as a model to identify the performance characteristics of colostrum and to assess the potential for increased ELISA sensitivity when compared with serum. Blood and colostrum samples were collected from cows within two dairy cattle herds: a previously infected and BVD-vaccinated Holstein-Friesian (positive herd) herd, and a bulk-tank milk antibody negative (negative herd) Jersey herd. All samples were tested using a commercial BVDV antibody ELISA. median sample-to-positive (S/P) colostrum ratios were significantly higher than their respective serum counterparts, and positive herd S/P ratios were significantly higher than the respective negative herd values (P manufacturer’s recommended serum dilution (1:5) and colostrum dilution (undiluted), and a cut-off threshold S/P ratio of 0.2, diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) for colostrum were 100% and 70%, respectively. These values increased to 100% DSe and 100% DSp with an increase in cut-off threshold S/P to 0.5. At a sample dilution of 1:100, the DSe of colostrum was 90% and significantly higher compared with serum (DSe 17%). Colostrum has the potential to improve identification of previously infected animals, either individually, or when using pooled samples.

关键词： BVDV Colostrum ELISA Sensitivity Specificity

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Dental remineralization via poly(amido amine) and restorative materials containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles

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International Journal of Oral Science 2019年第3期11卷 180-191页

作者： Kunneng Liang Suping Wang Siying Tao Shimeng Xiao Han Zhou Ping Wang Lei Cheng Xuedong Zhou michael D.weir Thomas W.Oates Jiyao Li Hockin H.K.Xu State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of DentistryBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics & Stomatology Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Tooth decay is prevalent,and secondary caries causes restoration failures,both of which are related to *** is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic materials with remineralization *** article represents the first review on the cutting edge research of poly(amido amine)(PAmAm) in combination with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP).PAmAm was excellent nucleation template,and could absorb calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions via its functional groups to activate *** composite and adhesive showed acid-neutralization and Ca and P ion release *** +NACP together showed synergistic effects and produced triple benefits: excellent nucleation templates,superior acidneutralization,and ions ***,the PAmAm+NACP strategy possessed much greater remineralization capacity than using PAmAm or NACP ***+NACP achieved dentin remineralization even in an acidic solution without any initial Ca and P ***,the long-term remineralization capability of PAmAm+NACP was *** prolonged fluid challenge,the immersed PAmAm with the recharged NACP still induced effective dentin mineral ***,the hardness of predemineralized dentin was increased back to that of healthy dentin,indicating a complete ***,the novel PAmAm+NACP approach is promising to provide long-term therapeutic effects including tooth remineralization,hardness increase,and caries-inhibition capabilities.

关键词： an urgent need calcium phosphate dentin

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