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Fighting and aggressive sound determines larger male to win male-male competition in a bark beetle

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 203-214页

作者： Zhu-Dong Liu jacob D.Wickham Jiang-Hua Sun State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesChaoyang DistrictBeijingChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions Chinese Academy of SciencesChaoyang DistrictBeijingChina

Intrasexual selection occurs in male-male competition over access to females and usually results in the larger male *** much research has documented that size matters,little is known about how the larger male *** vale ns is an aggregating monogamous bark beetle in which males have large variation in body size and display intense competition over *** observation showed two males fight each other within the gallery by pushing/shoving and stridulated more when two males encountered each *** using two different-sized males synchronously competing showed that larger males won 95%of *** displacement experiments using muted and intact males of different or equal size were used to simulate male-male *** males displaced the smaller resident male in 90%of contests,while smaller males prevailed over larger residents in 6.7%of *** both males silenced,larger males displaced smaller males in 80%of con tests,while smaller males prevailed in 8%of con *** experiments using equal-sized males showed aggressive soundemitting males displaced muted males in 67%of contests,yet intact males displaced other intact males in only 37.5%of con *** analysis showed sound pressure level is an honest signal of body size and males chose soft sounds over loud aggressive sounds in ***,*** males have evolved dual behaviors,fighting and aggressive sounds associated with body size,to assess rivals to compete for a partner,gaining insights in male-male competition for this species and for other animals.

关键词： aggressive soun ds animal con test theory bark bee tie body size fighting male-male competition

Pullthrough pitfalls in treating Hirschsprung disease

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第3期7卷 237-241页

作者： Kristy L rialon jacob C Langer Pediatric Surgery Texas Children's HospitalHoustonTexasUSA Surgery Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA General and Pediatric Surgery The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto0ntarioCanada

INTrODUCTION Complications after a pullthrough for Hirschsprung disease can occur either early or late in the postoperative period.A small number of these patients may require reoper-ation,with rates varying from 3%to 28%at a large volume colorectal center.12 Indications for reoperation include stricture,leak,fistula,transition zone pullthrough or retained agan-glionosis,retained Soave cuff,or a Duhamel *** of these may manifest as obstruc-tive symptoms or constipation,which can be seen in 11%to 42%of patients.

关键词： patients Hirschsprung colorectal

Water yield and biomass production for on a eucalypt-dominated Mediterranean catchment under different climate scenarios

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Journal of Forestry research 2023年第5期34卷 1263-1278页

作者： Joao rocha Ana Quintela Dalila Serpa Jan jacob Keizer Sérgio Fabres rAIZ-Forest and Paper research Institute Quinta de S.FranciscoRua JoséEstevao(EN 230-1)3800–783 EixoAveiroPortugal Department of Environment and Planning Centre of Environmental and Marine Studies(CESAM)University of AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810–193 AveiroPortugal

Worldwide,forests are vital in the regulation of the water cycle regulation and in water balance *** of ecohydrological responses of production forests is essential to support management strategies,especially where water is already *** climatological patterns are expected to impact thermopluviometric regimes,water cycle components,hydrological responses,and plant physiology,evapotranspiration rates,crop productivity and land management *** work(1)assessed the impacts of different predicted climate conditions on water yield;(2)inferred the impacts of climate change on biomass production on eucalypt-to-eucalypt succes *** this end,the widely accepted Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)was run with the rCA,HIrHAM5 and rACMO climate models for two emission scenarios(rCP 4.5 and8.5).Three 12-year periods were considered to simulate tree growth under coppice *** results revealed an overall reduction in streamflow and water yield in the catchment in line with the projected reduction in total annual ***,HIrHAM5 and rACMO models forecast a slight shift in seasonal streamflow of up to 2 months(for2024-2048)in line with the projected increase in precipitation from May to *** biomass production,the extreme climate model(rCA)and severe emis sion scenario(rCP 8.5)predicted a decrease up to 46%.However,in the less extreme and more-correlated(with actual catchment climate conditions)climate models(rACMO and HIrHAM5)and in the less extreme emission scenario(rCP 4.5),biomass production increased(up to 20%),and the growth cycle was slightly *** was proven to be a valuable tool to assess climate change impacts on a eucalypt-dominated catchment and is a suitable decision-support tool for forest managers.

关键词： Climate scenarios Forested catchments Forest ecohydrological modelling Eucalypt biomass production SWAT model

In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of traditional medicinal plant Ocimum species against Plasmodium falciparum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第2期5卷 103-106页

作者： Samuel jacob Inbaneson Sundaram ravikumar Palavesam Suganthi Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies School of Marine SciencesAlagappa UniversityThondi CampusThondi-623 409Ramanathapuram DistrictTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum(***),Ocimum sanctum(***) and Ocimum basilicum (***).Methods:The ***,*** and *** were collected from ramanalhapuram District,Tamil Nadu and the extraction was carried out in *** filter sterilized extracts(100,30,23,12.5,6.23 and 3.125μg/mL) of leaf,stem,root and flower extracts of ***,*** and *** were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum(***).The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical ***:The leaf extract of *** showed excellent antiplasmodial activity(IC_(50) 3538μg/mL) followed by leaf extract of ***(IC_(50) 4341μg/mL). The leaf extract of ***,root extracts of *** and ***,the stem and flower extracts of all the three tested Ocimum species showed IC_(50) values between 50 and 100μg/mL Statistical analysis reveals that,significant antiplasmodial activity(Prved between the concentrations and time of *** chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it shows that,there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of ***,*** and *** in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids,phenols,saponins,triterpenoids,proteins,resins, steroids and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested ***:The ethanolic leaf extracts of *** possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.

关键词： Antiplasmodial activity IC_(50) Phytochemicals Plasmodium falciparum Ocimum species

Free radical scavenging and reducing power of Lawsonia inermis ***

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 457-461页

作者： Philip jacob P Madhumitha G Mary Saral A Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division School of Advanced SciencesVIT UniversityVellore-632014India

Objective:To determine the antioxidant activity,total phenolic and flavonoid content of Petroleum ether extract（PE）,Dichloromethane extract（DCM）,Ethanol extract（ET） and aqueous extract（AQ） of henna ***:Total antioxidant assay（phosphomolybenum method）, DPPH radical scavenging assay,reducing power assay and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay were used to ascertain the potential of seeds as an ***:In all the assays carried out ET showed a greater potential to scavenge DPPH radical,reduce MO（Ⅳ） to MO（Ⅴ） complex and Fe（Ⅲ） to Fe（Ⅱ） and to inhibit lipid *** IC50 of ET was far greater than that of the standard,ascorbic acid（AS） in the lipid peroxidation *** activity of AQ was lesser when compared with that of ET but greater than PE and *** amount of phenolics and flavonoids were present in higher amounts in ET followed by *** amounts of phenolics were detected in PE and DCM,but the amount of flavonoids were below the detection *** study showed that the antioxidant activity and the concentrations of phenolics and flavonoids are proportionate to each ***:Ethanolic extract of henna seeds are efficient antioxidants,which can be utilized for further isolation of active compounds and pharmaceutical applications.

关键词： Lawsonia inermis Antioxidant reducing free radical Phenolics Flavonoids

Macrophages in metabolic associated fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1861-1878页

作者： Jawaher Alharthi Olivier Latchoumanin jacob George Mohammed Eslam Storr Liver Centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneySydney 2145NSWAustralia

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),formerly named non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disorder in many *** inflammatory subtype termed steatohepatitis is a driver of disease progression to cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,liver transplantation,and death,but also to extrahepatic complications including cardiovascular disease,diabetes and chronic kidney *** plasticity of macrophages in response to various environmental cues and the fact that they can orchestrate cross talk between different cellular players during disease development and progression render them an ideal target for drug *** report reviews recent advances in our understanding of macrophage biology during the entire spectrum of MAFLD including steatosis,inflammation,fibrosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma,as well as for the extra-hepatic manifestations of *** discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and polarization as well as cross talk with other cell types such as hepatocytes,hepatic stellate cells,and adipose *** conclude with a discussion on the potential translational implications and challenges for macrophage based therapeutics for MAFLD.

关键词： Metabolic associated fatty liver disease Macrophages Inflammation Fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of marine halophyte Luminetzera racemosa bark extract in CCL_4 induced hepatotoxicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 462-465页

作者： Murugesan Gnanadesigan Sundaram ravikumar Samuel jacob Inbaneson School of Marine Sciences Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area StudiesAlagappa UniversityThondi CampusThondi-623409TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Luminetzera racemosa （L racemosa）bark ***:Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 groups:Group 1 served as control;Group 2 served as hepatotoxin（CCL4 treated） group;Group 3 served as positive control（Silymarin） treated groups;Group 4,5 and 6 served as（100,200 and 300 mg/kg bw p.o.） L racemosa bark extract treated ***,in vitro antioxidant indexes,including DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity（HrSA）,NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power（FrAP）,lipid hydroperoxide（LPO） and super oxide dismutase（SOD） were also analyzed in the bark extract. results:The results suggested that,the level of serum glutamate oxyloacetic transaminase（SCOT）, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase（SGPT）,alkaline phosphatise（ALP）,bilurubin,cholesterol, sugar and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） were significantly（Preased in hepatotoxin treated rats when compared with the control ***,the maximum reduction of SGOT[（225.36±13.65） IU/L],SGPT[（96.85±17.36） IU/L],ALP[（315.37±17.16） IU/L],bilirubin[（2.97±0.46） mg/dL], cholesterol[（163.73±17.54） mg/dL],sugar[（127.35±27.35） mg/dL]and LDH[（1 784.00±268.36） IU/L] were observed with 300 mg/kg bw of bark extract treated *** scores showed that,no visible changes were observed with high dose（300 mg/kg bw） of bark extract treated rats except mild fatty *** in vitro antioxidant assays showed that,the IC50 values were observed as（44.17±6.87）μ/mL,（42.45±2.81）μg/mL,（62.37±3.98）μg/mL,（54.24±3.09）μg/mL, （87.25±5.90）μg/mL and（71.54±5.42）μg/mL for ***,NO,FrAP,LPO and SOD radical scavenging activities,***:The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the bark extract might be to the presence of unique chemical classes such as flavonoids, alkaloids and polyphenols.

关键词： Antioxidant Hepatoprotective Histopathology Mangroves

Shape memory alloy film damping for smart miniature systems

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第3期9卷 199-215,I0004页

作者： Shahabeddin Ahmadi Kiran jacob Frank Wendler Manfred Kohl Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Microstructure Technology(IMT)KarlsruheGermany Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU) Dep.of Materials ScienceFürthGermany

This paper presents a dynamic analysis of the free and forced vibration of a free-standing bridge of superelastic shape memory alloy TiNiCuCo film with ultra-low fatigue properties and evaluates its versatility for novel miniature scale damping applications.A thermodynamics-based finite element model is used to simulate the evolution of martensite phase fraction during load-induced martensitic phase *** effects of pre-strain,strain rate and excitation load on the hysteresis of stress-strain characteristics are investigated in order to assess damping *** analysis is performed under non-isothermal conditions taking into account heat transfer and rate-dependence of release and absorption of latent *** show that damping energy can be maximized by applying an optimum pre-strain.A maximum damping capacity of 0.17 is determined for the case of complete stressstrain hysteresis loop during phase transformation.

关键词： Shape memory alloy film superelasticity coupled finite element simulation damping

The 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games: It's representation in the Chinese English Speaking Press and Significance of Its Success.

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The 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games: It's Representation in the C...

作者： jacob Cafritz 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

在这篇论文里,我将讨论中国英文报纸关于广州亚运会的报道。我主要关注的是亚运会给中国,尤其是广州带来的益处。由于中国英文出版物的快速发展,对于中国如何处理像广州亚运会这样的大事件是值得关注的。我会先考察体育运动在媒体中的... 详细信息

在这篇论文里,我将讨论中国英文报纸关于广州亚运会的报道。我主要关注的是亚运会给中国,尤其是广州带来的益处。由于中国英文出版物的快速发展,对于中国如何处理像广州亚运会这样的大事件是值得关注的。我会先考察体育运动在媒体中的重要性的理论,讨论运动和社会的关系,同时指出关系到一些特别的运动赛事时媒体所发挥的不同政治和情感因素。作为总体的一个原则,这个研究更多地关注中国英文报纸对2010年广州亚运会的各种积极的批评。

关键词： The Asian 2010 Guangzhou Games