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Protocol for the development and validation of a clinical measurement tool for fear of disease progression and recurrence in cardiac patients

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Chronic Diseases and Translational medicine 2024年第3期10卷 195-204页

作者： Sarah T.Clarke michael Le Grande Barbara m.murphy Robert Hester Alun C.jackson melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Australian Centre for Heart Health MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre on Behavioral Health University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Introduction: One in two cardiac patients fear having another heart event or their heart condition getting worse. Research in other chronic illnesses demonstrates that screening for fear of progression and recurrence is vital for adequately addressing such concerns in clinical care. The current project aims to develop and validate a measure for fear of progression and recurrence in cardiac ***: The Fear of Cardiac Recurrence and Progression Scale (FCRP) will be developed through a multistep process. An initial item pool will be generated through a review of the literature and existing measures and consultation with and feedback from key informants. The item pool will be tested in a sample of over 250 adults who have ever had an acute coronary event, undergone cardiac surgery, or a chronic cardiac condition. Exploratory factor analysis will be used to identify the underlying factors, and Rasch analysis will be used to reduce the number of items. A short form version of the FCRP will be developed for use as a brief screening tool, informed by clinical relevance and Rasch psychometric ***: While many cardiac patients experience fears related to the progression or recurrence of their illness, there remains the need for a validated tool with which these concerns can be identified and measured. It is expected that the design and validation of the FCRP will aid identification of cardiac patients suffering from clinically significant levels of fear of progression and recurrence and facilitate the design of tailored psychological interventions to target these fears.

关键词： anxiety cardiac anxiety cardiac recovery cardiac rehabilitation depression fear of progression fear of recurrence psychological measurement psychosocial screening

modelling dynamic pantograph loads with combined numerical analysis

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.jackson R.mishra J.m.Rebelo J.Santos P.Antunes J.Pombo H.magalhaes L.Wills m.Askill School of Computing and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Computing and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDmEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEL Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal Hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Appropriate interaction between pantograph and catenary is imperative for smooth operation of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accommodate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels pose significant challenges in maintaining consistent current collection performance as the pantograph aerodynamic profile,and thus aerodynamic load changes significantly with operational *** research aims to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynamic forces acting on individual components of an HSX pantograph operating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be combined with multibody simulations to obtain accurate dynamic insight into contact ***,computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to investigate the pantograph component loads in a representative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynamic perspective,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed components of the pantograph is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing pantograph *** the aerodynamic loads acting on individual components with multibody tools allows for realistic dynamic insight into the pantograph *** results obtained show how considering aerodynamic forces enhance the realism of the models,leading to behaviour of the pantograph-catenary contact forces closely matching that seen in experimental tests.

关键词： Pantograph-catenary interaction Pantograph aerodynamics Computational fluid dynamics Pantograph loads Current collection performance

Integrated Single-cell multiomic Analysis of HIV Latency Reversal Reveals Novel Regulators of Viral Reactivation

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 67-88页

作者： manickam Ashokkumar Wenwen mei jackson J.Peterson Yuriko Harigaya David m.murdoch David m.margolis Caleb Kornfein Alex Oesterling Zhicheng Guo Cynthia D.Rudin Yuchao Jiang Edward P.Browne Department of medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA HIV Cure Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of medicine Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Computer Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cannot be cured because of a reservoir of latently infected cells that evades *** understand the mechanisms of HIV latency,we employed an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(scATAC-seq)approach to simultaneously profile the transcriptomic and epigenomic characteristics of~125,000 latently infected primary CD4^(+)T cells after reactivation using three different latency reversing *** expressed genes and differentially accessible motifs were used to examine transcriptional pathways and transcription factor(TF)activities across the cell *** identified cellular transcripts and TFs whose expression/activity was correlated with viral reactivation and demonstrated that a machine learning model trained on these data was 75%-79%accurate at predicting viral ***,we validated the role of two candidate HIV-regulating factors,FOXP1 and GATA3,in viral *** data demonstrate the power of integrated multimodal single-cell analysis to uncover novel relationships between host cell factors and HIV latency.

关键词： HIV latency reversal Primary CD4þT cell Single-cell multiomics HIV-regulating factor machine learning

Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja m.maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.king Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Simon melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

Design and Development of a Parabolic Trough Solar Air Heater for a Greenhouse Dryer

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第9期12卷 1-18页

作者： Eric king’ori Isaac N. Simate Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Agricultural Engineering The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Design and Development of a Parabolic Trough Solar Air Heater (PTSAH) for a Greenhouse Dryer (GD) was done to improve the dryer’s performance. The materials used for the fabrication of the PTSAH included galvanized sheets covered with aluminium foil, an absorber tube made of GI pipe painted matt black to increase heat absorbance at the focal line, mild steel square tubes, shutter plywood, and an axial fan to push air through the absorber tube. Key geometrical parameters used for the design of the PTSAH were a rim angle of 98 degrees, focal length of 0.2608 m, height of 0.3451 m, length of 2 m, and an aperture width of 1.2 m. The PTSAH’s total aperture surface area was 2.4 m2, while its absorber tube surface area was 0.1587 m2. The PTSAH was experimentally tested to establish its thermal performance. It was found that the ambient air recorded an average value of 31.1˚C and that the air heater could increase the air temperature by 45.6˚C above ambient with a thermal efficiency of 5.3%. It can, therefore, be concluded that the PTSAH can significantly improve the performance of a GD by supplying the GD with air at a higher temperature than ambient.

关键词： Solar Air Heater Greenhouse Dryer Parabolic Trough Thermal Performance

Pros and cons of live kidney donation in prediabetics: A critical review and way forward

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 12-31页

作者： muhammad Abdul mabood Khalil Nihal mohammed Sadagah jackson Tan Furrukh Omair Syed Vui Heng Chong Salem H Al-Qurashi Center of Renal Diseases and Transplantation King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital JeddahJeddah 23311Saudi Arabia Department of Nephrology RIPAS Hospital Brunei DarussalamBrunei Muara BA1710Brunei Darussalam Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineRaja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha HospitalBandar Seri Begawan BA1710Brunei Darussalam

There is shortage of organs,including kidneys,*** with deceased kidney transplantation,there is a significant rise in live kidney *** prevalence of prediabetes(PD),including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance,is on the rise across the *** teams frequently come across prediabetic kidney donors for *** are at risk of diabetes,chronic kidney disease,cardiovascular events,stroke,neuropathy,retinopathy,dementia,depression and nonalcoholic liver disease along with increased risk of all-cause ***,most of the studies done in prediabetic kidney donors are retrospective in nature and have a short follow up *** is lack of prospective long-term studies to know about the real risk of complications after ***,there are variations in recommendations from various guidelines across the globe for donations in prediabetics,leading to more confusion among *** increases the responsibility of transplant teams to take appropriate decisions in the best interest of both donors and *** review focuses on pathophysiological changes of PD in kidneys,potential complications of PD,other risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes,a review of guidelines for kidney donation,the potential role of diabetes risk score and calculator in kidney donors and the way forward for the evaluation and selection of prediabetic kidney donors.

关键词： Live kidney donation Prediabetes Impaired fasting glucose Impaired glucose tolerance Review

Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Healthcare Waste Incinerators’ Bottom Ash from Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 318-337页

作者： muriithi jackson Githinji Paul mwangi Njogu Zipporah Nganga mohamed Karama Institute of Tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROmID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Academic Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya Public Health and Epidemiology Umma University Kajiado Kenya

Health-care waste contains potentially harmful microorganisms and compounds which can infect and affect hospital patients, healthcare workers, the general public and environment. Therefore, management of health care waste requires safe handling, treatment and disposal procedures. While incineration reduces the volume and quantity of waste for final disposal, it leads to the production of fly and bottom ashes laden with toxic incomplete combustion products such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, furans and heavy metals. This exposes workers who handle and dispose the bottom ashes, hospital patients, the general public and environment. The goal of this study was to determine the total and individual levels of 16 most prevalent and toxic PAHs. Bottom ash samples were collected from incinerators in five county hospitals in Kenya, namely;moi-Voi, Narok, Kitale, makindu and Isiolo. Bottom ash samples were collected over a period of six months from the five hospitals. The samples were then sieved, homogenised and stored at 4°C in amber coloured glass containers. The PAHs were extracted using 30 ml of a hexane-acetone solvent (1:1) mixture by ultrasonication at room temperature (23°C) for 45 minutes. The PAHs were then analyzed with a GC-mS spectrophotometer model (Shimadzu GCmS-QP2010 SE) connected to a computer work station was used for the PAHs analysis. The GC-mS was equipped with an SGE BPX5 GC capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) for the separation of compounds. Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 15.5 ml/minute and 14.5 psi. 1 μl of the sample was injected at 280°C, split mode (10:1). The oven programming was set for a total runtime of 40 minutes, which included: 100°C (2-minute hold);10°C /min rise to 200°C;7°C /min rise to 249°C;3°C /min rise to 300°C (2-minute hold). The interface temperature was set at 290°C. Analysis was done in Selected Ion monitoring (SIm) mode and the peak areas of each of the PAHs were collected from

关键词： PAHs GC-mS Healthcare Wastes Disposal Incinerator Bottom Ash

Himalayas as a global hot spot of springtime stratospheric intrusions:Insight from isotopic signatures in sulfate aerosols

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 5-13页

作者： Kun Wang ShiChang Kang mang Lin PengFei Chen ChaoLiu Li XiuFeng Yin Shohei Hattori Teresa L.jackson JunHua Yang YiXi Liu Naohiro Yoshida mark HThiemens State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)LanzhouGansu 730000China State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryCASGuangzhouGuangdong 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China International Center for Isotope Effects Research(ICIER) School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth material Cycling State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits ResearchSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohamaKanagawa 226-8502Japan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0021USA Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of TechnologyMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8551Japan National Institute of Information and Communications Technology KoganeiTokyo 184-8795Japan

Downward transport of stratospheric air into the troposphere(identified as stratospheric intrusions)could potentially modify the radiation budget and chemical of the Earth's surface *** the highest and largest plateau on earth,the Tibetan Plateau including the Himalayas couples to global climate,and has attracted widespread attention due to rapid warming and cryospheric *** studies recognized strong stratospheric intrusions in the Himalayas but are poorly understood due to limited direct evidences and the complexity of the meteorological dynamics of the third ***^(35)S is a radioactive isotope predominately produced in the lower stratosphere and has been demonstrated as a sensitive chemical tracer to detect stratospherically sourced air mass in the planetary boundary ***,we report 6-month(April–September 2018)observation of^(35)S in atmospheric sulfate aerosols(^(35)SO_(4)^(2-))collected from a remote site in the Himalayas to reveal the stratospheric intrusion phenomenon as well as its potential impacts in this *** the sampling campaign,the^(35)SO_(4)^(2-)concentrations show an average of 1,070±980 atoms/m^(3).In springtime,the average is 1,620±730 atoms/m^(3),significantly higher than the global existing data measured so *** significant enrichments of^(35)SO_(4)^(2-)measured in this study verified the hypothesis that the Himalayas is a global hot spot of stratospheric intrusions,especially during the springtime as a consequence of its unique geology and atmospheric *** combined with the ancillary evidences,e.g.,oxygen-17 anomaly in sulfate and modeling results,we found that the stratospheric intrusions have a profound impact on the surface ozone concentrations over the study region,and potentially have the ability to constrain how the mechanisms of sulfate oxidation are affected by a change in plateau atmospheric properties and *** study provides new observational constraints on stra

关键词： Himalayas Stratospheric intrusions Cosmogenic^(35)SO_(4)^(2-) Ozone Atmospheric oxidation

Optimization and control of synchrotron emission in ultraintense laser–solid interactions using machine learning – CORRIGENDUm

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 116-116页

作者： J.Goodman m.king E.J.Dolier R.Wilson R.J.Gray P.mcKenna 不详

Due to an isolated error in the 3D simulation parameters,the laser energy and intensity(calculated using the energy)values were incorrectly stated as 10.9 J and 3×10^(22) W cm^(−2),respectively,in Sections 3.3,7 and *** correct values are 39.8 J and 1.1×10^(23) W cm^(−2).Similarly,the values stated for the higher energy case,109 J and 3×10^(23) W cm^(−2) in Section 7,should be 398 J and 1.1×10^(24) W cm^(−2),respectively.

关键词： Bayesian optimization gamma rays laser-solid interactions machine learning radiation reaction