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富蕴断裂:低应变速率条件下断层滑动习性

地震地质 2012年第4期34卷 606-617页

作者：徐锡伟孙鑫喆谭锡斌李康于贵华 Marie Etchebes Yann Klinger Paul Tapponnier j.van der woerd 中国地震局地质研究所活动构造与火山重点实验室北京100029 Tectonics Institut de Physique du Globe de ParisSorbone Paris CitéCNRS Earth Observatory of Singapore Singapore Institut de Physique du Globe StrasbourgFrance

富蕴断裂是阿尔泰地区低应变速率条件下的典型右旋走滑断层之一。野外考察和3个观测点的3D陆地LiDAR扫描DEM影像断错地貌恢复、重建,结合高分辨率卫星影像解译等进一步证实,1931年富蕴地震同震右旋走滑位移平均值为(6.3±1.2)m,且沿富... 详细信息

富蕴断裂是阿尔泰地区低应变速率条件下的典型右旋走滑断层之一。野外考察和3个观测点的3D陆地LiDAR扫描DEM影像断错地貌恢复、重建,结合高分辨率卫星影像解译等进一步证实,1931年富蕴地震同震右旋走滑位移平均值为(6.3±1.2)m,且沿富蕴断裂向南北两端缓慢、平稳衰减,中部同震位移最大值为(6.7±0.5)m,而不是前人给出的10～14m;包含2～5次地震的同震累积位移值为1931年富蕴地震相同地点同震位移的整数倍,表明富蕴断裂大地震复发服从特征地震模型。2个观测点多级地貌面宇宙成因核素(10Be)系统测年数据,进一步限定富蕴断裂晚更新世以来的右旋走滑速率为(0.76±0.24)mm/a,大地震复发间隔(9700±3300)a。低滑动速率和长周期特征地震复发模型可能为板块间相互作用产生的远程应变效应的基本特征。

关键词：富蕴断裂同震右旋走滑位移特征地震复发模型阿尔泰地区

2008年汶川地震同震滑移特征、最大滑移量及构造意义

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第四纪研究 2009年第3期29卷 387-402页

作者：李海兵司家亮付小方邱祝礼李宁 j.van der woerd 裴军令王宗秀侯立玮吴富峣国土资源部大陆动力学重点实验室北京100037 中国地质科学院地质研究所北京100037 四川省地质调查院成都610081 四川省109地质队成都610010 Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg EOST Strasbourg67084 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所北京100081

2008年汶川地震(M_s8.0)形成了迄今为止空间上分布最为复杂、长度最大的逆冲型同震地表破裂带。沿约275km长的地表破裂带的同震滑移及其最大滑移量的确定,对认识和理解汶川地震地表破裂过程及其变形机制具有重要意义。我们沿地表破裂带... 详细信息

2008年汶川地震(M_s8.0)形成了迄今为止空间上分布最为复杂、长度最大的逆冲型同震地表破裂带。沿约275km长的地表破裂带的同震滑移及其最大滑移量的确定,对认识和理解汶川地震地表破裂过程及其变形机制具有重要意义。我们沿地表破裂带进行了详细的滑移特征考察及其同震位移测量,发现沿映秀-北川破裂带分布南北两个滑移峰值区段,南段以深溪沟-虹口破裂段为中心,以逆冲为主伴随右旋走滑运动为特征,最大垂直位移量为6.0～6.7m,北段以北川破裂段为中心,以右旋走滑为主伴随逆冲运动为特征,最大垂直位移量为11～12m,南北两滑移峰值区段所代表的两次地表破裂事件与地震波数据反演结果一致。通过对北川段破裂带的精细地形剖面测量,以及地震前后对比,在北川县曲山镇沙坝村一组获得该破裂段的最大右旋水平位移为12～15m,最大垂直位移为11～12m,这是目前世界上一次地震产生的最大同震垂直位移,最大斜向滑移量为14～17m,为整个汶川地震地表破裂最大滑移量,是汶川地震的宏观震中。北川破裂段高角度的地震断裂、逆冲断裂面的倒转作用以及具最大滑移量的强烈变形作用是北川县城遭受到最强的地表破坏和地质灾害的主要原因。具有走滑量和逆冲量近一致(走滑水平位移/逆冲垂直位移比值为1)的斜向逆冲作用可能是山脉快速隆升的重要机制。

关键词：汶川地震最大同震滑移量宏观震中走滑水平位移/逆冲垂直位移比值快速隆升

阿尔金断裂带康西瓦段晚第四纪以来的左旋滑移速率及其大地震复发周期的探讨

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第四纪研究 2008年第2期28卷 197-213页

作者：李海兵 j.van der woerd 孙知明 A. -S. Mériaux P. Tapponnier F. j. Ryerson 司家亮潘家伟国土资源部大陆动力学重点实验室、中国地质科学院地质研究所北京100037 Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg EOST、Strasbourg 67084 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所北京100081 Department of Geography、University of Newcastle UK Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Paris 75252 IGPP Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLiverraoreCaliforniaUSA 中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院北京100083

在高分辨率Ikonos卫星影像（1m分辨率）分析基础上，结合野外考察和定量测量，详细研究了阿尔金断裂带西段康西瓦段三十里营房地区晚第四纪以来的变形特征，在三十里营房东侧塔尔萨依吉勒尕河下游地区，断裂切割了一系列发育完好的冲积... 详细信息

在高分辨率Ikonos卫星影像（1m分辨率）分析基础上，结合野外考察和定量测量，详细研究了阿尔金断裂带西段康西瓦段三十里营房地区晚第四纪以来的变形特征，在三十里营房东侧塔尔萨依吉勒尕河下游地区，断裂切割了一系列发育完好的冲积扇和阶地。6级不同阶地陡坎和邻近冲积扇面上冲沟的左旋位错量分别为251±4m，250±5m，198±4m，22±2m，12±Im和约6m。T2表面的放弃年龄约10．9±0．2ka（^10Be）所限定的位错量22～200m，得到左旋滑移速率为2—18mm／a；而T4阶地的最大累积位错可能达500m，暗示的左旋滑移速率约4—5mm／a。最近一次大地震造成的最新地貌左旋水平位错量约6m，该地震同震地表破裂带沿喀拉喀什河谷延伸长达100km，估算为Mw7．4地震，约12m的位错量可能是公元975—1020年（AMS^14C）以来最近两次大地震的累积同震地表位错，约6m的特征滑移量暗示该地段发生类似约Mw7．4地震的复发周期约370—500a。这些结果表明，在青藏高原北缘，阿尔金断裂带西段为大型的左旋走滑断裂，它吸收了印度／欧亚大陆碰撞产生的较大部分应变，并使高原西部物质向东运移。

关键词：晚第四纪滑移速率特征滑移地震复发周期康西瓦阿尔金断裂带

阿尔金断裂带晚第四纪左旋走滑速率及其构造运动转换模式讨论

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中国科学（D辑） 2003年第10期33卷 967-974页

作者：徐锡伟 P.Tapponnier j.van der woerd F.j.Ryerson 王峰郑荣章陈文彬马文涛于贵华陈桂华 A.S.Meriaux 中国地震局地质研究所北京100029 Laboratoire de Tectonique Institut de Physique du Globe de ParisFrance IGPP.Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA

在高分辨率SPOT卫星数字影像和大比例尺航片处理、断错地貌制图、野外核实与位移测量基础上,利用宇宙成因核素(^(10)Be,^(26)Al)、碳十四(^(14)C)和热释光(TL)等多种测年手段,厘定了各断错地貌面的形成年龄,得到了阿尔金断裂带不同段落... 详细信息

在高分辨率SPOT卫星数字影像和大比例尺航片处理、断错地貌制图、野外核实与位移测量基础上,利用宇宙成因核素(^(10)Be,^(26)Al)、碳十四(^(14)C)和热释光(TL)等多种测年手段,厘定了各断错地貌面的形成年龄,得到了阿尔金断裂带不同段落全新世左旋走滑速率:阿克赛以西的中、西段左旋走滑速率可达(17.5±2)mm/a,肃北-石包城段为(11±3.5)mm/a左右,疏勒河口段减少到(4.8±1)mm/a左右,东端宽滩山段仅约(2.2±0.2)mm/a,左旋走滑速率突变点位于阿尔金断裂带中东段存在分支活动逆断层向南东扩展的肃北、石包城和疏勒河等三联点上.矢量分析表明,三联点东、西两侧左旋滑动速率的减少量转换成了阿尔金断裂带中东段南盘北西向活动道断层上的地壳缩短和上盘推覆体抬升,形成了党河南山、大雪山、祁连山等条块山地.因此,青藏高原北部物质向东挤出的速率和幅度是有限的,符合“叠瓦状道冲转换——有限挤出模型”.

关键词：阿尔金断裂带晚第四纪左旋走滑速率构造运动构造转换挤出构造转换模式

Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(der adjusting legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij j.P.Welters Tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia j.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen joris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβvia the STING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CTL anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 ligand(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells are present in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to CTLs locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T *** agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTL priming Tumor control

Clinical-based phenotypes in children with pediatric post-COVID-19 condition

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World journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 682-691页

作者： Lieke C.E.Noij jelle M.Blankestijn Coen R.Lap Marlies A.van Houten Giske Biesbroek Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee Mahmoud I.Abdel-Aziz johannes B.van Goudoever Mattijs W.Alsem Caroline L.H.Brackel Kim j.Oostrom Simone Hashimoto Suzanne W.j.Terheggen-Lagro Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Amsterdam UMCLocation AMCEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterRoom G2-222Meibergdreef 91105AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pulmonary Medicine Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Spaarne GasthuisHoofddorpThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Amsterdam Movement SciencesMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Paediatric Pulmonology Department of PaediatricsTergooi MCHilversumThe Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care Amsterdam UMCAmsterdam Reproduction and DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background Pediatric post coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)condition(PPCC)is a heterogeneous syndrome,which can significantly affect the daily lives of *** study aimed to identify clinically meaningful phenotypes in children with PPCC,to better characterize and treat this *** Participants were children with physician-diagnosed PPCC,referred to the academic hospital Amsterdam UMC in the Netherlands between November 2021 and March *** factors and information on post-COVID symptoms,comorbidities,and impact on daily life were *** clusters were identified using an unsupervised and unbiased approach for mixed data *** Analysis of 111 patients(aged 3–18 years)revealed three distinct clusters within *** 1(n=62,median age=15 years)predominantly consisted of girls(74.2%).These patients suffered relatively more from exercise intolerance,dyspnea,and smell *** 2(n=33,median age=13 years)contained patients with an even gender distribution(51.5%girls).They suffered from relatively more sleep problems,memory loss,gastrointestinal symptoms,and *** 3(n=16,median age=11 years)had a higher proportion of boys(75.0%),suffered relatively more from fever,had significantly fewer symptoms(median of 5 symptoms compared to 8 and 10 for clusters 1 and 2 respectively),and experienced a lower impact on daily *** This study identified three distinct clinical PPCC phenotypes,with variations in sex,age,symptom patterns,and impact on daily *** findings highlight the need for further research to understand the potentially diverse underlying mechanisms contributing to post-COVID symptoms in children.

关键词： Adolescents Clusters Long COVID Pediatric Phenotypes Post-COVID syndrome

Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun jacob Hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

Outcome of direct-acting antiviral treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: clinical benefit proven?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 257-259页

作者： Raoel Maan Adriaan j.van der Meer Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands

The highly effective direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection were well-received by both patients and physicians as sustained virological response(SVR)was associated with an improved overall survival in patients with stable liver disease,even in case of cirrhosis(1).Yet,at that time these results were derived from retrospective cohort studies with long-term follow-up after interferon-based *** patients with compensated liver disease there is confidence that SVR is a clinically relevant endpoint based on consistent positive results with smart use of statistics in numerous cohort ***,however,there remains a need for long-term follow-up data showing a clinical benefit of DAA-induced SVR,preferably with high-quality prospective *** results from the French ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort,as published by *** and colleagues in the April issue of the Lancet,thus bring an important contribution to the field(2).It’s the first prospective cohort study with reasonable follow-up time to assess all-cause mortality after DAA therapy.

关键词： patients infection clinical