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Flow regimes in Bubble Columns with and without Internals: A review

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 239-256页

作者： Ayat n.Mahmood Amer A.Abdulrahman Laith s.sabri Abbas j.s.ltan Hasan shakir Majdi Muthanna H.Al-Dahhan Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Chemical and Petroleum Industries Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaUSA

Hydrodynamics characterization in terms ofﬂow regime behavior is a crucial task to enhance the design of bubble column reactors and scaling up related *** review presents recent studies on the typicalﬂow regimes established in bubble *** effort is also provided to introduce relevant deﬁnitions pertaining to thisﬁeld,namely,that of“void fraction”and related(local,chordal,cross-sectional and volumetric)*** studies involving different parameters that affect design and operating conditions are also discussed in *** the second part of the review,the attention is shifted to cases with internals of various types(perfo-rated plates,bafﬂes,vibrating helical springs,mixers,and heat exchanger tubes)immersed in the bubble *** is shown that the presence of these elements has a limited inﬂuence on the global column ***,they can make the homogeneousﬂow regime more stable in terms of transition gas velocity and transi-tion holdup *** last section is used to highlight gaps which have not beenﬁlled yet and future directions of investigation.

关键词： Hydrodynamics ﬂow regime bubble column heat-exchanging internals

Construction of 2D/2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/Cds heterojunction with photothermal effect for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production

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journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 1-9页

作者： T.Y.Huang Z.Yang s.Y.Yang Z.H.Dai Y.j.Liu j.H.Liao G.Y.Zhong Z.j.Xie Y.P.Fang s.s.Zhang Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510643China school of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China school of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy SystemsDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

The insensitivity of semiconductors to visible and infrared light is a key constraint on the utilization of light energy in photocatalytic *** photocatalysts with full-spectrum absorption through surface engineering is an effective approach to fully harnessing light energy in semiconductor ***,a novel stable Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/Cds heterojunction catalyst is obtained by in-situ epitaxial growth of two-dimensional(2D)Cds nanosheets on 2D MXene interface via a solvothermal *** exceptional light absorption properties of MXene confer outstanding full-spectrum driven photocat-alytic hydrogen evolution capability upon the heterogeneous *** unique 2D/2D structure effectively mitigated the recombination of photogenerated carriers,enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the ***,the composite catalyst exhibits a significantly higher surface temperature of 80.4℃under visible light irradiation at an intensity of 0.1 W/cm^(2),which is 1.84 times higher than that of *** irradiation of visible and near infrared light,the composite catalyst with photothermal ef-fect demonstrates a remarkable hydrogen evolution rate of 65.4 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is 7.2 times higher than that of Cds *** study introduces a novel approach for constructing full-spectrum absorption catalysts and expands the application of the photothermal effect in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution research.

关键词： Two-dimensional structure Heterostructure Photothermal effect Photocatalyst Hydrogen evolution

Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU rOBErT j.KAsPEr nATALIE j.s.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sArs-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of sArs-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(nEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,nEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： james K.Lugata sawadi F.ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás renáta Knop jános Oláh Zoltán Mészár rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba szabó Department of Animal nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural research and Educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TETrA-sL layer hybrid(TsL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(noIn);2)saline-injected(saIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jejunum was extracted for *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(Pred to the *** DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GsH)content,glutathione s-transferase 3 alpha(GsT3),occludin(OCLn)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TsL genotype than the LM group(Pnotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLn),superoxide dismutase 1(sOD1),and GsT3 genes than the TsL genotype(Pn conclusion,these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development,and function,with genotypes responding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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synthesis of coral-like structures of Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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journal of rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.Fernandez Francisca P.Araujo Y.Guerra s.Castro-Lopes j.Matilla-Arias Idglan s.de Lima Edson C.silva-Filho j.s. A.Osajima F.Guerrero r.Pena-Garcia Federal University of Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil Federal rural University of Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil Federal University of Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba Federal University of Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. structural investigation certified the YIG cubic crystal structure formation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of the dopant cations results in an expansion of the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. Fourier transform infrared(FTIr) and raman measurements are essential to testify the single-phase formation of YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDs) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the effect of dopants on surface area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis from diffuse reflectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shift in the charge transfer,correlated with the expansion of the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical ferrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive field(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of their magnetic nature and distribution around of Fe^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). Finally, for the first time, antibacterial tests by mean of the direct contact method were performed for YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of Pr^(3+) cations favored the activity against s. aureus, therefore, a new biological property for YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

Editorial for the special Issue on Emerging Technology and Advanced Application of nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Chinese journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li j. Mei H. Li s. Tianjin University China Tsinghua shenzhen International Graduate school China Lanzhou jiaotong University China

The rapid development of clean and renewable energy technologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as the continuous growth of load demand,have put forward higher requirements for the safe operation of the power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,which cannot meet the reliability requirements of power systems in the new *** detection is an essential technical method in industrial development,which can detect and evaluate the defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials without damaging the object.

关键词： service Application operation

superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： H.T.jeong s.W.Lee W.j.Kim Department of Materials science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the HCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adj.s.ing Y addition

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.Liu s.j.Liu B.Wang W.B.sun X.j.Liu Z.W.Han College of Materials science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adj.s. the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(rT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPsO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 Mj/m^(3)to 10.97 Mj/m^(3)at rT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium rare earth elements Microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

Accuracy Enhancement of the Folin-Ciocalteu Method for Propolis

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American journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第8期15卷 253-267页

作者： rosilene s. n. Paganotti Paulo j. s. Barbeira Instituto Federal de Educao Cincia e Tecnologia de Minas GeraisCampus Formiga Formiga MG Brazil Departamento de Qumica Instituto de Cincias Exatas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

This study presents an optimization of the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method for the determination of total phenol content. Multivariate optimization using factorial planning 22 with a central point and central composite planning was constructed to evaluate the influence of variables in the process and maximize radiation absorption with minimal radiation scattering caused by solid formation. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction spectrometry were used to evaluate the chemical composition of solids formed and nephelometric and spectrophotometric studies were also used to evaluate whether the type, origin, dilution and dry extract contents of commercial propolis extracts would significantly influence the increase in radiation scattering and absorption. The optimized methodology added several advantages, such as reduction of reagents, time analysis, and higher accuracy.

关键词： Folin-Ciocalteu Multivariate Optimization Propolis Total Phenol