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Variation in sexual dimorphism and assortative mating do not predict genetic divergence in the sexually dimorphic Goodeid fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 440-452页

作者： C. MACIAS GARCIA G SMITH C. GONZAlEZ ZUARTH j. A. graves M. G. RITCHIE Departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva Instituto de Ecologia UNAM A. E 70-275 C. E 04510 M6xico DE M6xico School of Biology University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

Sexual dimorphism is often used as a proxy for the intensity of sexual selection in comparative studies of sexual selection and diversification. The Mexican Goodeinae are a group of livebearing freshwater fishes with large variation between species in sexual dimorphism in body shape. Previously we found an association between variation in morphological sexual dimorphism between species and the amount of gene flow within populations in the Goodeinae. Here we have examined if mor- phological differentiation within a single dimorphic species is related to assortative mating or gene flow between populations. In the Amarillo fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus studies have shown that exaggerated male fins are targets of female preferences. We find that populations of the species differ in the level of sexual dimorphism displayed due to faster evolution of differences in male than female morphology. However, this does not predict variation in assortative mating tests in the laboratory; in fact dif- ferences in male morphology are negatively correlated with assortative mating. Microsatellite markers reveal significant genetic differences between populations. However, gene flow is not predicted by either morphological differences or assortative mating. Rather, it demonstrates a pattern of isolation by distance with greater differentiation between watersheds. We discuss the caveats of predicting behavioural and genetic divergence from so-called proxies of sexual selection [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 440-452, 2012].

关键词： Sexual dimorphism Assortative mating Genetic distance Speciation Viviparous fish

Npy deletion in an alcohol non-preferring rat model elicits differential effects on alcohol consumption and body weight

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journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第7期43卷 421-430页

作者： Bin Qiu Richard l.Bell Yong Cao lingling Zhang Robert B.Stewart Tamara graves lawrence lumeng Weidong Yong Tiebing liang Institute of laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 China Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Department of Gastroenterology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Department of Psychology Purdue School of Science Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Experimental Medicine Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical University Luzhou 646000 China

Neuropeptide Y（NPY） is widely expressed in the central nervous system and influences many physiological *** is located within the rat quantitative trait locus（QTl） for alcohol preference on chromosome ***-nonpreferring（NP） rats consume very little alcohol,but have significantly higher NPY expression in the brain than alcohol-preferring（P） *** capitalized on this phenotypic difference by creating an Npy knockout（KO） rat using the inbred NP background to evaluate NPY effects on alcohol *** finger nuclease（ZNF） technology was applied,resulting in a 26-bp deletion in the Npy ***-PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry confirmed the absence of Npy mRNA and protein in KO *** consumption was increased in Npy＋/- but not Npy-/- rats,while Npy-/- rats displayed significantly lower body weight when compared to Npy^（＋/＋） *** whole brain tissue,expression levels of Npy-related and other alcohol-associated genes,Npy1 r,Npy2r,Npy5 r,Agrp,Mc3 r,Mc4r,Crh and CrMr,were significantly greater in Npy-/- rats,whereas Pome and Crhr2 expressions were highest in Npy＋/- *** findings suggest that the NPY-system works in close coordination with the melanocortin（MC） and corticotropin-releasing hormone（CRH） systems to modulate alcohol intake and body weight.

关键词： Knockout rat Alcohol drinking behavior NPY and receptors CRH and receptors Melanocortin and receptors BDNF

Reversible solid-oxide cells for clean and sustainable energy

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Clean Energy 2019年第3期3卷 175-201页

作者： M.B.Mogensen M.Chen H.l.Frandsen C.graves j.B.Hansen K.V.Hansen A.Hauch T.jacobsen S.H.jensen T.l.Skafte X.Sun Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark(DTU)Frederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Haldor Topsøe Haldor Topsøes Allé1DK-2800 Lyngby Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark DynElectro ApS DK-4621 GadstrupDenmark

This review gives first a brief view of the potential availability of sustainable *** is clear that over 100 times more solar photovoltaic energy than necessary is readily accessible and that practically available wind alone may deliver sufficient energy supply to the *** to the intermittency of these sources,effective and inexpensive energy-conversion and storage technology is *** for the possible electrolysis application of reversible solid-oxide cells(RSOCs),including a comparison of power-to-fuel/fuel-to-power to other energy-conversion and storage technologies is *** electrochemistry and chemistry of H_(2)O,CO_(2),H_(2),CO,CnHm(hydrocarbons)and NH3,including thermodynamics and cell performance,are *** mechanical strength of popular cell supports is outlined,and newly found stronger materials are *** cell-degradation mechanisms,including the effect of common impurities in gases and materials(such as S and Si),plus the deleterious effects of carbon deposition in the fuel electrode are described followed by explanations of how to avoid or ease the *** of how RSOCs powered by sustainable energy may be applied on a large scale for the transportation sector via power-to-fuel technology and for integration with the electrical grid together with seasonal storage are ***,a brief comparison of RSOCs to other electrolysis cells and an outlook with examples of actions necessary to commercialize RSOC applications are sketched.

关键词： electrolysis fuel cells solid-oxide cells power-to-fuel electrochemical syngas

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依拉地平治疗高血压和动脉粥样硬化

国外医学（心血管疾病分册） 1991年第2期18卷 69-70页

作者： graves j W 吴士尧

依拉地平(Isradjpine)是一种兼有降压、抗心绞痛和拮抗致动脉粥样硬化活性的新型二氢吡啶类钙离子拮抗剂.该药安全、低毒,既能静脉应用又能口服,疗效不受血脂浓度影响,对各种原因所致的高血压均有效,尤其适用于高血压伴动脉粥样硬化患... 详细信息

依拉地平(Isradjpine)是一种兼有降压、抗心绞痛和拮抗致动脉粥样硬化活性的新型二氢吡啶类钙离子拮抗剂.该药安全、低毒,既能静脉应用又能口服,疗效不受血脂浓度影响,对各种原因所致的高血压均有效,尤其适用于高血压伴动脉粥样硬化患者的治疗。

关键词：依拉地平高血压动脉粥样硬化

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人源间充质干细胞药物的研发和转化应用

Science Bulletin 2023年第9期68卷 860-863页

作者：刘怡 Dana T.graves 王松灵 laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function ReconstructionSchool of StomatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China Beijing laboratory of Oral Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Periodontics School of Dental MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia PA 19104USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

In recent years,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been widely applied in the treatment of various clinical diseases because of multiple advantages and significant therapeutic *** the long research time and complicated ... 详细信息

关键词：间充质干细胞 clinical diseases

How Donald *** inspired me

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Earthquake Science 2022年第1期35卷 22-23页

作者： Robert W.graves U.S.Geological Survey PasadenaCalifornia 91106USA

I first met Don Helmberger when I visited Caltech in the spring of 1984 as a prospective graduate *** that visit,I was immediately impressed by Don’s unbridled passion for science,in general,and seismology,in *** made me feel quite at ease as we discussed mantle triplications,core phases and ray *** mind that most of it was well above my head,he patiently continued the discussion while answering my many *** he showed me a paper that literally changed my life:Theory and Application of Synthetic Seismograms(Helmberger,1983).

关键词： theory. mantle continued

Diversity of reptile sex chromosome evolution revealed by cytogenetic and linked-read sequencing

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Zoological Research 2022年第5期43卷 719-733页

作者： Ze-Xian Zhu Kazumi Matsubara Foyez shams jason Dobry Erik Wapstra Tony Gamble Stephen DSarre Arthur Georges j.nnifer a.a.sha.l graves Qi Zhou Tariq Ezaz MOE laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology Life Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Institute for Applied Ecology University of CanberraCanberra 2601Australia School of Biological Sciences University of TasmaniaHobartTasmania 7001Australia Department of Biological Sciences Marquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsin 52322USA School of life Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourne 3168 Australia Department of Neuroscience and Developmental Biology University of ViennaVienna 1030Austria Center for Reproductive Medicine The 2nd Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Department of Environmental Biology College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyChubu UniversityKasugaiAichi 487-8501Japan

Reptile sex determination is attracting much attention because the great diversity of sex-determination and dosage compensation mechanisms permits us to approach fundamental questions about mechanisms of sex chromosome turnover. Recent studies have made significant progress in better understanding diversity and conservation of reptile sex chromosomes, with however no reptile master sex determination genes identified. Here we describe an integrated genomics and cytogenetics pipeline,combining probes generated from the microdissected sex chromosomes with transcriptome and genome sequencing to explore the sex chromosome diversity in non-model Australian reptiles. We tested our pipeline on a turtle, two species of geckos, and a monitor lizard. Genes identified on sex chromosomes were compared to the chicken genome to identify homologous regions among the four species. We identified candidate sex determining genes within these regions, including conserved vertebrate sex-determining genes pdgfa,pdgfra amh and wt1, and demonstrated their testis or ovary-specific expression. All four species showed gene-by-gene rather than chromosome-wide dosage compensation. Our results imply that reptile sex chromosomes originated by independent acquisition of sex-determining genes on different autosomes,as well as translocations between different ancestral macro-and *** discuss the evolutionary drivers of the slow differentiation and turnover of reptile sex chromosomes.

关键词： Sexdetermination Reptiles Genomics Cytogenetics Sex chromosome turnover

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猪水疱病病毒和柯萨奇B5病毒的血清学关系

中国畜牧兽医 1974年第3期 36-38页

作者： j.H.graves 纽约格林波特美国农业部农业研究处东北地区普卢姆岛动物疾病中心

最近在英格兰发生的猪水疱病,引起了对其病原病毒特性的注意。该病毒属于小核糖核酸病毒的亚型肠病毒。1966年第一次在意大利发病时分离的病株,与后来1971年香港地区发生的,和1972年英格兰发生的该病毒株,在血清学上有联系。这里,我们... 详细信息

最近在英格兰发生的猪水疱病,引起了对其病原病毒特性的注意。该病毒属于小核糖核酸病毒的亚型肠病毒。1966年第一次在意大利发病时分离的病株,与后来1971年香港地区发生的,和1972年英格兰发生的该病毒株,在血清学上有联系。这里,我们谈谈这种猪的肠病毒与人的一种肠病毒的关系。我们推测,这种

关键词：香港抗血清乳鼠猪水 B5 柯萨奇

猪水泡病病毒与B5型科赛奇病毒的血清学关系

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中国兽医科学 1973年第4期 43-45页

作者： j.H.graves 美国梅岛动物疾病研究中心

猪水泡病最近在英国的流行使得人们的注意力集中在其病毒的特性上。这种病毒属于小核糖核酸病毒的肠道病毒亚类中,在意大利1966年第一次流行中分离的毒株与后来于1971年在香港和1972年在英国分离的毒株都有血清学上的关系。作者在本文... 详细信息

猪水泡病最近在英国的流行使得人们的注意力集中在其病毒的特性上。这种病毒属于小核糖核酸病毒的肠道病毒亚类中,在意大利1966年第一次流行中分离的毒株与后来于1971年在香港和1972年在英国分离的毒株都有血清学上的关系。作者在本文中报告猪的这种肠道病毒与人的一种肠道病毒的关系,并且推测这种病毒可能是由人传于猪的。猪水泡病病毒能使新生小白鼠致死。这是肠道病毒中的科赛奇病毒的特性。因此曾试验

关键词：猪水泡病病毒香港中和抗体猪血清 B5 肠道病毒