检索结果-南通市图书馆

Collective Computation,Information Flow,and the Emergence of Hunter-Gatherer Small-Worlds

journal of Social Computing 2022年第1期3卷 18-37页

作者： Marcus j.hamilton the Department of Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA.

Two key features of human sociality are anatomically complex brains with neuron-dense cerebral cortices,and the propensity to form complex social networks with *** brains and complex social networks facilitate flows of fitness-enhancing energy and information at multiple scales of social ***,we consider how these flows interact to shape the emergence of macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology relative to other mammals and non-human *** computation is the processing of information by complex adaptive systems to generate inferences in order to solve adaptive *** hunter-gatherer societies the adaptive problem is to resolve uncertainty in generative models used to predict complex environments in order to maximize inclusive *** macroecological solution is to link complex brains in social networks to form collective brains that perform collective *** developing theory and analyzing data,the author shows hunter-gatherers bands of~16 people,or~4 co-residing families,form the largest collective brains of any social ***,because individuals,families,and bands interact at multiple time scales,these fission-fusion dynamics lead to the emergence of the macroscopic regularities in hunter-gatherer macroecology we observe in cross-cultural *** results show how computation is distributed across spatially-extended social networks forming decentralized knowledge systems characteristic of hunter-gatherer *** flow of information at scales far beyond daily interactions leads to the emergence of small-worlds where highly clustered local interactions are embedded within much larger,but sparsely connected multilevel metapopulations.

关键词： complex adaptive systems hierarchically modular networks collective brains macroecology allometry mammals primates

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Waterbird use of farm dams in south-eastern Australia:abundance and influence of biophysical and landscape characteristics

引用

Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 12-24页

作者： Andrew j.hamilton ChloéConort Aurore Bueno Christopher G.Murray james R.Grove Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneDookie CampusCurrawaVIC 3647Australia Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor(Research and Innovation) Federation University AustraliaBallaratVIC 3353Australia Department of Rural Health Melbourne Medical School49 Graham StreetPO Box 6500SheppartonVIC 3632Australia École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse 31326 Castanet TolosanFrance Faculty of Science The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Faculty of Science Department of GeographyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

Background: While agriculture has taken much environmental water in Australia's Murray-Darling Basin, agricultural expansion has resulted in a vast number of farm dams, almost three-quarters of a million in the Murray-Darling Basin ***: Over a summer we studied(1) waterbird abundance and species richness and(2) the influence of biophysical and landscape characteristics across 49 farm dams at a large mixed-enterprise farm in northern Victoria on the southern reach of the Murray-Darling ***: On average, dams were found to host 27.1 ± 71.1 individuals/ha and 1.8 ± 2.9 species per pond. Such densities are comparable to those on natural wetlands. Dam surface area and perimeter and amount of vegetation were positively and strongly correlated with the Rallidae density(birds/ha), but no other parameters were strongly correlated with any other functional group. The landscape in which the dams were embedded had a highly significant effect(p < 0.001) on the number of birds found on a ***: Our research needs to be complemented with further studies in other parts of the Basin and on other taxa, but given at our site they supported similar densities of individuals and species to natural wetlands, and given the fact that there are 710,539 farm dams in the Murray-Darling Basin, which hosts much of Australia's waterbird fauna, it is reasonable to suggest that farm dams are overlooked, and possibly very important, avian biodiversity hotspots. It also highlights the importance of a landscape setting, in which dams are situated, on the number of birds using the dams.

关键词： Farm ponds Waterbirds Waterfowl Zooplankton

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Apparent redox potential discontinuity(aRPD) depth as a relative measure of sediment oxygen content and habitat quality

引用

International journal of Sediment Research 2015年第1期30卷 74-80页

作者： Travis G.GERWING Alyssa M.ALLEN GERWING Diana j.hamilton Myriam A.BARBEAU Department of Biology University of New Brunswick Department of Biology Mount Allison University

As hypoxic conditions spread in our oceans,indices that quickly and efficiently assess oxygen content in sediment pore water,and habitat quality are increasingly becoming *** to the apparent redox potential discontinuity(aRPD) in sediment is one such index;however,the relationship between aRPD depth and oxygen content is still *** quantified oxygen content in sediment pore water with a dissolved oxygen(DO) probe,utilizing luminescent technology,to determine how DO concentration varies with depth in the sediment,and with position relative to the aRPD(above versus below) on an intertidal mudflat in the Bay of Fundy,*** on generalized linear regression models,we found that depth in the sediment was a poor predictor of pore water DO concentration,while position in the sediment relative to the aRPD was a good ***,sediment above the aRPD had higher DO content than sediment *** maintain that aRPD depth is a good measure of relative oxygen content in sediment pore water,as well as habitat ***,we recommend caution as the factors that influence aRPD depth arc numerous and variable;therefore,the relationship between aRPD depth and DO content should be experimentally confirmed in any system of interest before aRPD depth is used as an indicator.

关键词： Anoxia Apparent redox potential discontinuity(aRPD) Dissolved oxygen Habitat quality Hypoxia Intertidal Marine benthos Sediment pore water.

来源：

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

组织芯片技术在检测正常组织和肿瘤组织抗原表达中的应用

引用

中华病理学杂志 2002年第2期31卷 181-182页

作者：周小鸽张劲松张小平张野纪小龙 Kristian Sandvej Stephen j.hamilton-Dutoit LaboratoryofImmunohistopathology 内蒙古中蒙医院病理科解放军总医院病理科

组织芯片（tissue chip）技术具有高产出（high-throughput），实验误差小和省时、省力、节约经费的优点，并能应用于科研、教学、生物试剂测试、质量监控及标准化等领域。我们采用了组织芯片这项技术并选用了5种常用抗体（AEI/3、波形... 详细信息

组织芯片（tissue chip）技术具有高产出（high-throughput），实验误差小和省时、省力、节约经费的优点，并能应用于科研、教学、生物试剂测试、质量监控及标准化等领域。我们采用了组织芯片这项技术并选用了5种常用抗体（AEI/3、波形蛋白、CD45、结蛋白和S-100蛋白）对54例正常组织及60例肿瘤标本进行了抗原表达的检测，以了解该技术在这方面的使用价值。

关键词：组织芯片技术检测正常组织肿瘤组织抗原表达

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

石墨/环氧航天器设备的设计、分析和试验

引用

国外导弹与航天运载器 1990年第12期 66-73页

作者： j.hamilton R.Chan 李德清

在1988—1989年度开展了一系列复合材料工程项目的(包括设计、分析、制造和试验)研制工作。本文扼要地介绍用于生产重量轻、成本低、零件数量最少的石墨/环氧航天器设备的方法,这种方法采用了同步工程技术,即使用计算机综合工程和制造技... 详细信息

在1988—1989年度开展了一系列复合材料工程项目的(包括设计、分析、制造和试验)研制工作。本文扼要地介绍用于生产重量轻、成本低、零件数量最少的石墨/环氧航天器设备的方法,这种方法采用了同步工程技术,即使用计算机综合工程和制造技术(CIEM)。在证明了提高刚度,尺寸稳定性和降低成本的同时,较之铝合金结构,估计节省重量达20％。制造、分析和设计的密切配合生产出厂內运输损失最少的设备并促进了生产性对话。设计小组设计的结构满足了任务的要求并协调了系统的综合性.利用三维计算机图形扩充设计和制造技术(CADAM)的网格设计方法保证了几何形状的完整性并为分析、制造和试验提供了一种工程通用的数据库。分析人员利用有限元模型和闭式方法为最佳强度/刚度比规定了层压制品技术条件并大大地降低了所推导出的几何形状的结构危险。包括刚度、强度、动载和热冲击试验在内的全部结构试验项目证明设计准则是满意的。

关键词：航天器设备石墨/环氧复合材料

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

引用

感染、炎症、修复 2023年第3期24卷 158-172页

作者： Matilde Monteiro-Soares Emma j.hamilton David A.Russel Gulapar Srisawasdi Ed j.Boyko joseph L.Mills William jeffcoate Fran Game on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 薛婧(译) 王爱红(审校) Higher School of Health of the Portuguese Red Cross LisbonPortugal Department of Community Medicine Information and Health Decision Sciences(MEDCIDS)Faculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal RISE@CINTESIS Faculty of MedicineOporto UniversityPortoPortugal Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Fiona Stanley Hospi-talMurdochAustralia University of Western Australia Medical SchoolFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochAustralia Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research University of LeedsLeedsUK Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Sirindhorn School of Prosthetics OrthoticsBangkokThailand Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System SeattleWashingtonUSA Baylor College of Medicine Michael E.DeBakey Department of SurgeryHoustonTexasUSA Nottingham University Hospitals Trust UK University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust 不详战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101

本文是对国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)2019年指南的更新,针对在日常临床工作中使用的糖尿病伴足溃疡的分类提出了新指南。本指南基于对现有文献的系统综述,确定了149篇文献中涉及的28种分类,随后使用推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)方... 详细信息

本文是对国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)2019年指南的更新,针对在日常临床工作中使用的糖尿病伴足溃疡的分类提出了新指南。本指南基于对现有文献的系统综述,确定了149篇文献中涉及的28种分类,随后使用推荐、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)方法获取了专家意见。首先,我们通过对诊断试验的判断总结,制定了一份可能适合在临床实践中使用的分类系统的清单,重点关注每个系统在预测溃疡相关并发症的可用性、准确性和可靠性以及资源可及性。其次,经过小组讨论和共识研讨,我们确定了哪些分类系统应该用于特定的临床场景。总之,对于糖尿病合并足溃疡患者,我们推荐:①医务人员之间的沟通:使用部位、缺血、神经病变、细菌感染、溃疡面积、溃疡深度(SINBAD)分类(第一选择)或考虑使用创面、缺血、足感染(WIfI)分类系统(替代选择,当具备所需的设备和专业水平,并且具有可行性时),针对每例患者,应具体描述组成分类系统的每个变量而不是仅仅报告总分;②不推荐任何现有分类系统用以预测特定个体的具体的溃疡结局;③对于描述有感染的溃疡患者的特征:使用美国感染性疾病学会(IDSA)/IWGDF(第一选择)分类或考虑使用WIfI系统(替代选择,当具备所需的设备和专业水平,并且具有可行性时);④对于描述周围动脉病变患者的特征:考虑使用WIfI系统作为对愈合可能性和截肢风险进行分层的手段;⑤对于人群结果的稽查:使用SINBAD评分。基于GRADE分级,本文提出的所有推荐,证据的可信度是低的。然而,基于对当前数据的合理应用,本文的推荐具有临床应用价值。

关键词：糖尿病相关的足病糖尿病相关的足溃疡分类指南国际糖尿病足工作组

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

文献快报(5):社交媒体使用消极体验而非使用时长增加青少年自杀意念

引用

中国学校卫生 2024年第5期45卷 614-614页

作者： hamilton j LDALACK M BOYD S I 李琪(编译) Department of Psychology Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA. Department of Psychology George Washington University Washington DC USA. Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA.

社交媒体使用与青少年自杀风险的关联受到广泛关注。匹兹堡大学David教授领衔的团队在美国各地招募了60名青少年进行了为期8周的监测,通过每日3次生态瞬时评估询问青少年社交媒体使用相关的消极体验(如感到焦虑)、积极体验(如受到鼓励)... 详细信息

社交媒体使用与青少年自杀风险的关联受到广泛关注。匹兹堡大学David教授领衔的团队在美国各地招募了60名青少年进行了为期8周的监测,通过每日3次生态瞬时评估询问青少年社交媒体使用相关的消极体验(如感到焦虑)、积极体验(如受到鼓励)及自杀意念,首次通过密集监测设计探讨青少年社交媒体体验与自杀意念间的关联,结果显示,频繁经历消极的社交媒体体验的青少年更可能报告自杀意念,而积极的社交媒体体验与自杀意念报告率降低有关。此外,未发现社交媒体的使用时间(视屏时间)与自杀意念间的显著关联。研究提示社交媒体经历可能是青少年自杀可修饰的风险因素,未来的研究应将增强青少年社交媒体的积极体验感作为改善青少年心理健康和预防自杀的目标,而不仅仅是限制视屏时间。

关键词：社交媒体匹兹堡大学自杀意念青少年自杀积极体验青少年心理健康监测设计消极体验

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Collective Bands in the Neutron—Rich 110Ru Nucleus

引用

Chinese Physics Letters 2003年第3期20卷 350-353页

作者：姜卓 j.H.hamilton 等 DepartmentofPhysics TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084 DepartmentofPhysics VanderbiltUniversityNashvilleTN37235USA

High spin states in neutron-rich 110Ru nucleus have been investigated by measuring high-fold prompt γ-ray coincidence events of the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with the Gammasphere detector array. The ground-state band and the γ-vibrational band have been confirmed and extended with spin up to 18 and 13, respectively. The other three side bands, two proposed as two-quasiparticle bands and one proposed as a four-quasiparticle band, have been observed for the first time. The possible configurations for the quasi-particle bands are discussed. The cranked shell model calculations show that 110Ru nucleus may have oblate triaxial deformation with parameters β2 = -0.30 and γ = 24°, and the band crossing in the yrast band is due to the alignment of a pair of h11/2 neutrons.

关键词： Gamma rays

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Observation of Rotational Bands in Neutron—Rich ^106Mo Nucleus

引用

Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第2期19卷 180-183页

作者：许瑞清 j.H.hamilton DepartmentofPhysics TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084 DepartmentofPhysics VanderbiltUniversityNashvilleTN37235USA

The rotational bands up to a spin of16in the neutron-rich106Mo nucleus have been investigated by measuring high-fold prompt-ray coincidence events following spontaneous fission of252Cf with a Gammasphere detector array. The ground-state band, the one-phonon and two-phonon-vibrational bands, as well as a quasi-particle band have been confirmed and expanded. Theother four collective rotational bands, three proposed as two-quasi-particle bands and one proposed as a-vibrational band, have been newly observed. The characteristics of thesecollective bands and the possible configurations for the quasi-particle bands are discussed.

关键词： Gamma rays

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Restoring the gut microbiome for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

引用

World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3468-3474页

作者： jessica R Allegretti Matthew j.hamilton Division of Gastroenterology Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered to be a highly successful therapy for recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) based on recent clinical trials. The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is thought to be due in part to perturbations in the gut microflora that disrupt homeostasis. FMT restores essential components of the microflora which could reverse the inflammatory processes observed in IBD. Case reports and series for the treatment of IBD by FMT have shown promise with regards to treatment success and safety despite the limitations of the reporting. Future studies will determine the optimal delivery and preparation of stool as well as the conditions under which the recipient will derive maximal benefit. The long term consequences of FMT with regards to infection, cancer, auto-immune, and metabolic diseases are not known and will require continued regulation and study. Despite these limitations, FMT may be beneficial for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, particularly those with concurrent CDI or with pouchitis.

关键词： Crohn’ s, Ulcerative colitis, Microbiota, Fecal transplantation, Dysbiosis, Pouchitis, Clostridium difficile, Probiotic

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：