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Clinical utility of non-invasive tests to predict clinical outcomes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第6期12卷 916-918页

作者： Shi Yan Lee Darren j.H.Tan Wen Hui Lim Cheng Han ng Mark Muthiah Daniel Q.Huang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore National University Centre for Organ Transplantation National University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of chronic liver disease,and the fastest-growing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)worldwide(1,2).As the number of people with NAFLD is too great to perform surveillance in all,risk-stratification strategies are increasingly important to identify those at the highest risk of decompensation and HCC(3,4).

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) non-invasive tests fibrosis-4(FIB-4) vibration-controlled transient elastography(VCTE) clinical outcomes

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma research in Hong Kong in the past decade

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Chinese Medical journal 1997年第11期 10-15页

作者： jonathan S.T. Sham, William Wei, M.H. ng, j. Nicholls and Damon Choy

Objective To review the research carried out in Hong Kong on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) over the past 10 years. Methods The literature published in Hong Kong over the past 10 years on nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reviewed in the light of other important international publications on the same subject. Results The research carried out in Hong Kong covers etiology, natural behavior, treatment and prognosis of NPC. These studies not only elucidated the different aspects of NPC, many of these new findings will also guide future directions of research. Conclusions Major efforts have been made to research into the various aspects of NPC with important findings which will translate into better treatment results. As this tumor is uncommon in other parts of the world, continued efforts to improve the prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and care of this tumor are required in China.

关键词： research Kong Hong

Higher platelet P-selectin in male patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared to healthy males

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1270-1272页

作者： j Patrik Fgerstam Per A Whiss Division of Radiology Department of Medicine and CareFaculty of Health SciencesLinkping UniversityLinkpingSweden Division of Pharmacology Department of Medicine and CareFaculty of Health SciencesLinkping UniversityLinkpingSweden

AIM： To observe if the total amount of platelet P-selectin （tP-selectin） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） was related to disease entity or activity, 5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） medication or gender. METHODS： tP-selectin was measured by immunoassay in seventeen IBD patients and twelve healthy controls. RESULTS： Compared to controls, there was no difference of tP-selectin in patients related to disease entity or activity and 5-ASA medication. When the groups were split according to gender the male patient group showed higher levels of tP-selectin compared to male controls （153 ng/mL vs 94 ng/mL, P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Increased tP-selectin levels may alter the inflammatory response and susceptibility to thromboembolic disease. As previously shown with soluble P-selectin, tP-selectin shows gender dependent differences important to consider in future studies.

关键词： Platelet P-selectin Inflammatory bowel disease 5-aminosalicylic acid Gender

Focused transcription from the human CR2/CD21 core promoter is regulated by synergistic activity of TATA and Initiator elements in mature B cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第1期13卷 119-131页

作者： Rhonda L Taylor Mark N Cruickshank Mahdad Karimi Han Leng ng Elizabeth Quail Kenneth M Kaufman john B Harley Lawrence j Abraham Betty P Tsao Susan A Boackle Daniela Ulgiati School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA US department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO USA

Complement receptor 2 （CR2/CD21） is predominantly expressed on the surface of mature B cells where it forms part of a coreceptor complex that functions, in part, to modulate B-cell receptor signal strength. CR2/CD21 expression is tightly regulated throughout B-cell development such that CR2/CD21 cannot be detected on pre-B or terminally differentiated plasma cells. CR2/CD21 expression is upregulated at B-cell maturation and can be induced by IL-4 and CD40 signaling pathways. We have previously characterized elements in the proximal promoter and first intron of CR2/CD21 that are involved in regulating basal and tissue-specific expression. We now extend these analyses to the CR2/CD21 core promoter. We show that in mature B cells, CR2/~D21 transcription proceeds from a focused TSS regulated by a non-consensus TATA box, an initiator element and a downstream promoter element. Furthermore, occupancy of the general transcriptional machinery in pre-B versus mature B-cell lines correlate with CR2/CD21 expression level and indicate that promoter accessibility must switch from inactive to active during the transitional B-cell window.

关键词： B cells core promoter CR2/CD21 molecular biology transcription factor

Methamphetamine and male suicide in the US-Mexico border region

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Open journal of Internal Medicine 2013年第2期3卷 30-33页

作者： Elsa de j. Hernández Fuentes Bernardo ng Irma A. González Hernández department of Sociology Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Mexicali Mexico Sun Valley Behavioral Medical Center Imperial USA

Introduction: Studying the use of psychoactive substances in completed suicide is essential in order to understand its role in the suicide generating stimuli. The most commonly reported substances are alcohol and opioids. Method: This is a retrospective study of completed suicide database of the Forensics Medical office in the city of Mexicali from 1999 to 2005. This is the capital of the Mexican state of Baja California in the US-Mexico border region. Results: Out of 288 suicides, 260 were men, and the most frequent drug found on autopsy was methamphetamine (p ng male (20 - 39 years old), employed in blue-collar jobs, lived in an urban area, found in their homes, and died by hanging. Discussion: Although no causal effect can be drawn, our study results suggest that methamphetamine use may be a risk factor for suicide in this sample.

关键词： Mexican US-Mexico Border Dugs Scide Mthamphetamine

Waist Circumference Reference Values for Screening Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chinese Children and Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2010年第1期23卷 21-31页

作者： GUAN-SHEng MA CHEng-YE jI jUN MA jIE MI R1TA YT SLIng FEng XIOng WEI-LI YAN XIAO-QI HU YAN-PIng LI SOng-M1ng DU HOng-YUN FAng AND j.ng-XIOng jIAng National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing100050 China Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Peking gniversi07 Health Science Center Beijing100191 China Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China department of Paediatrics TheChinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Re'on China The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400014 China School of Public Health Xinjiang Medical University Wulumuqi 830011 Xinjiang China National Center for Women and Childre's Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100013 China

Objectives To explore the optimal threshold values of waist circumference （WC） for detecting cardiovascular （CV） risk factors among Chinese children and adolescents. Methods Association of WC with CV risk factors was studied among 65 898 children aged 7-18 years whose data were pooled from nine previous studies in China. CV risk factors in this study included hypertension （blood pressure above 95 percentile levels）, dyslipidemia （with one or more of the following three indexes： TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, TC ≥ 5.18 mmol/L, and HDL-C ≤ 1.04 mmol/L） and elevated glucose level （fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L）. Receive-operating characteristic analysis （ROC） and logistic regression were employed to derive optimal age- and sex-specific waist circumference references for predicting CV risk factors. Results A slight increasing trend of CV risk factors was observed starting from the 75th percentile of waist circumference in the study population, while a remarkable increasing trend occurred from the 90th percentile. The optimal waist circumference thresholds for predicting high blood pressures were at the 75th percentile for both boys and girls, which was at the 90th percentiles for detecting at least two of the above three CV risk factors. In comparison with children with waist circumference below the 75th percentile, the odds ratio of two CV risk factors doubled among children with waist circumference between the 75th and the 90th percentile, and increased by 6 times among children with waist circumference above the 90th percentile. The trend of high blood pressure increasing with waist circumference remained significant after having been stratified by BMI category. Conclusion The 75th and the 90th percentiles of WC are the optimal cut-off points for predicting an increased and a substantially increased risk of CV factors in Chinese children and adolescents, respectively.

关键词： Waist circumference Cardiovascular disease risk factor China

Nonlinear optics on silicon-rich nitride--a high nonlinear figure of merit CMOS platform[Invited]

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Photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 I0075-I0091页

作者： D.T.H.TAN K.j.A.OoI D.K.T.ng Photonics devices and Systems Group Singapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah Rd.Singapore 487372Singapore Data Storage Institute Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis Way#08-01 InnovisSingapore 138634Singapore

CMOS platforms with a high nonlinear figure of merit are highly sought after for high photonic quantum efficiencies, enabling functionalities not possible from purely linear effects and ease of integration with CMOS electronics. Silicon-based platforms have been prolific amongst the suite of advanced nonlinear optical signal processes demonstrated to date. These include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, Hydex glass, and stoichio- metric silicon nitride. Residing between stoichiometric silicon nitride and amorphous silicon in composition, silicon-rich nitride films of various formulations have emerged recently as promising nonlinear platforms for high nonlinear figure of merit nonlinear optics. Silicon-rich nitride films are compositionally engineered to create bandgaps that are sufficiently large to eliminate two-photon absorption at telecommunications wavelengths while enabling much larger nonlinear waveguide parameters （5x-500x） than those in stoichiometric silicon uitride. This paper reviews recent developments in the field of nonlinear optics using silicon-rich nitride platforms, as well as the outlook and future opportunities in this burgeoning field.

关键词： Nonlinear optics silicon-rich nitride a high Nonlinear figure of merit CMOS platform

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍngUEZ BUCIO HAO LIU jOSÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANCISCO jURADO-ROMERO ALEjANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN CHURCHILL jAMES C.GATES jAMES HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI jENS H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIANI PAVEL CHEBEN j.GONZALO WAngÜEMERT-PÉREZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNdeZ FREdeRIC GARdeS COSIMO LACAVA PERIKLIS PETROPOULOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

Analysis of PFAAs in American alligators part 2： Potential dietary exposure of South Carolina hunters from recreationally harvested alligator meat

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第11期29卷 31-38页

作者： jessica j.Tipton Louis j.Guillette jr Susan Lovelace Benjamin B.Parrott Thomas R.Rainwater jessica L.Reiner College of Charleston Charleston SC 29724 USA Medical University of South Carolina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Charleston SC 29425 USA University of Georgia Odum School of Ecology Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Jackson SC 29831 USA Torn Yawkey Wildlife Center & Belle W. Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University P.O. Box 59(5 Georgetown SC 29442 USA National Institute of Standards and Technology Chemical Sciences Division Hollings Marine Laboratory Charleston SC 29412 USA

Exposure to perfluorinated alkyl acids（PFAAs） has been linked to many harmful health effects including reproductive disorders, developmental delays, and altered liver and kidney function. Most human exposure to environmental contaminants, including PFAAs,occurs through consumption of contaminated food or drinking water. This study uses PFAA data from meat samples collected from recreationally harvested American alligators（Alligator mississippiensis） in South Carolina to assess potential dietary exposure of hunters and their families to PFAAs. Consumption patterns were investigated using intercept surveys of 23 hunters at a wild game meat processor. An exposure scenario using the average consumption frequency, portion size, and median perfluorooctane sulfonic acid（PFOS） concentration in alligator meat from all hunt units found the daily dietary exposure to be 2.11 ng/kg body weight per day for an adult human. Dietary PFOS exposure scenarios based on location of harvest suggested the highest daily exposure occurs with alligator meat from the Middle Coastal hunt unit in South Carolina. Although no samples were found to exceed the recommended threshold for no consumption of PFOS found in Minnesota state guidelines, exposure to a mixture of PFAAs found in alligator meat and site-specific exposures based on harvest location should be considered in determining an appropriate guideline for vulnerable populations potentially exposed to PFAAs through consumption of wild alligator meat.

关键词： Public hunt American alligator Dietary exposure PFOS Consumption advisory Contaminant consumption