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Ecology and risks of the global plastisphere as a newly expanding microbial habitat

The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 49-58页

作者： Changchao Li Michael RGillings Chao Zhang Qinglin Chen Dong zhu jie Wang Kankan Zhao Qicheng Xu Polly Hangmei Leung Xiangdong Li jian Liu Ling jin Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology Faculty of Science and EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Health Technology and Informatics and Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

Plastic offers a new niche for microorganisms,the *** everincreasing emission of plastic waste makes it critical to understand the microbial ecology of the plastisphere and associated ***,we present a global fingerprint of the plastisphere,analyzing samples collected from freshwater,seawater,and terrestrial *** plastisphere assembles a distinct microbial community that has a clearly higher heterogeneity and a more deterministically dominated assembly compared to natural *** coexistence patterns—loose and fragile networks with mostly specialist linkages among microorganisms that are rarely found in natural habitats—are seen in the *** microbiomes generally have a great potential to metabolize organic compounds,which could accelerate carbon *** involved in the nitrogen cycle are also altered in the plastisphere,especially in freshwater plastispheres,where a high abundance of denitrifiers may increase the release of nitrite(aquatic toxicant)and nitrous oxide(greenhouse gas).Enrichment of animal,plant,and human pathogens means that the plastisphere could become an increasingly mobile reservoir of harmful *** findings highlight that if the trajectory of plastic emissions is not reversed,the expanding plastisphere could pose critical planetary health challenges.

关键词： reservoir mostly habitat

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State of China’s climate in 2023

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第5期17卷 54-60页

作者： Linhai Sun Xiaying zhu Wei Li Wanxiu Ai Xianyan Chen Yundi jiang Ling Wang Xukai Zou Shanshan Zhao Hongling Zeng Hailing Zhong national Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina

China witnessed a warm and dry climate in *** annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71℃,with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since ***,the annual precipitation was the second lowest since 2012,at 615.0 *** was less than normal from winter to summer,but more in *** with the annual condition,precipitation in the flood season from May to September was also the second lowest since 2012,which was 4.3%less than normal,with the anomalies in the central and eastern parts of China being higher in central areas and lower in the north and *** the contrary,the West China Autumn Rain brought much more rainfall than normal,with an earlier start and later *** there was less annual precipitation in 2023,China suffered seriously from heavy precipitation events and *** particular,from the end of july to the beginning of August,a rare,extremely strong rainstorm caused by Typhoon Dussuri hit Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei,causing an abrupt alteration from drought to flood conditions in north *** contrast,Southwest China experienced continuous drought from the previous autumn to current *** early summer,north China and the Huanghuai region experienced the strongest high-temperature process since ***,there were more cold-air processes than normal impacting China,with the most severe of the year occurring in ***,in spring,there were more sand and dust occurrences in northern China.

关键词： Climate in China Hottest year Extreme events Dussuri

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GRK2 mediated degradation of SAV1 initiates hyperplasia of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1222-1240页

作者： Paipai Guo ji jiang Rui Chu Feng He Mingli Ge Ruhong Fang Qiuyun Guan Huijuan Cheng Chunru jiang Tiantian Su Zhenduo zhu Hao Liu Wei Wei Shihao Zhang Qingtong Wang Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Anhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicinesHefei 230032China School of Pharmacy Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233030China The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University(the First People’s Hospital of Hefei) Hefei 230061China

Hyperplasia and migration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLSs)are the key drivers in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and joint *** Yes-associated protein(YAP),which is a powerful transcription co-activator for proliferative genes,was observed in the nucleus of inflammatory FLSs with unknown upstream *** Gene Expression Omnibus database analysis,it was found that Salvador homolog-1(SAV1),the pivotal negative regulator of the Hippo-YAP pathway,was slightly downregulated in RA ***,SAV1 protein expression is extremely ***,it was revealed that SAV1 is phosphorylated,ubiquitinated,and degraded by interacting with an important serine-threonine kinase,G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)kinase 2(GRK2),which was predominately upregulated by GPCR activation induced by ligands such as prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in *** process further contributes to the decreased phosphorylation,nuclear translocation,and transcriptional potency of YAP,and leads to aberrant FLSs *** depletion of GRK2 or inhibition of GRK2 by paroxetine rescued SAV1 expression and restored YAP phosphorylation and finally inhibited RA FLSs proliferation and ***,paroxetine treatment effectively reduced the abnormal proliferation of FLSs in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis which was accompanied by a significant improvement in clinical ***,these results elucidate the significance of GRK2 regulation of Hippo-YAP signaling in FLSs proliferation and migration and the potential application of GRK2 inhibition in the treatment of FLSs-driven joint destruction in RA.

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis Fibroblast-like synoviocytes G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Salvador homolog-1 Yes-associated protein

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A new class of crystalline X-ray induced photochromic materials assembled from anion-directed folding of a flexible cation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 554-557页

作者： Hong-jin Liao zhu zhuo Qing Li Yoshihito Shiota jonathan P.Hill Katsuhiko Ariga Zi-Xiu Lu Lu-Yao Liu Zi-Ang nan Wei Wang You-Gui Huang CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional nanostructures and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan World Premier International(WPI)Center for Materials nanoarchitectonics(MAnA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)Ibaraki 305-0044Japan

Electron-deficient viologens are widely used as ligands or structure-directing agents(SDAs)to synthesize crystalline X-ray induced photochromic ***,a new rational strategy of anion-directed fold-ing a flexible cation(H_(2)imb)^(2+)((H_(2)imb)^(2+)=di-protonated 2,3-bis(imidazolin-2-yl)-2,3-dimethylbutane)has been ***-donating Cl−and(ZnCl4)2−are used to direct folding a flexible electron-deficient(H_(2)imb)^(2+)*** complexes(H_(2)imb)(nO_(3))2(1),(H_(2)imb)Cl2·H_(2)O(2),and(H_(2)imb)ZnCl4(3)have been synthesized in which(H_(2)imb)^(2+)crystallize in an anti-conformation,88.8°-gauche,and 51.8°-gauche,*** contrary to X-ray silent complex 1,X-ray induced photochromism has been achieved in both complex 2 and *** intermolecular charge-transfer mechanism has been elucidated and the anion directed folding of(H_(2)imb)^(2+)has been validated to be critical to yield colored long-lived charge-separated states.

关键词： Supramolecular Photochromic X-ray induced Anion-directed folding Electron-deficient viologens

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Charge-balanced codoping enables exceeding doping limit and ultralow thermal conductivity

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中国科学技术大学学报 2024年第6期54卷 1-7,I0009页

作者： Long Chen Chun Wang Lin Wang Minghao Wang Yongchun zhu Changzheng Wu School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei national Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230031China

Materials with low thermal conductivity are applied extensively in energy management,and breaking the amorphous limits of thermal conductivity to solids has attracted widespread attention from *** is a common strategy for achieving low thermal conductivity that can offer abundant scattering centers in which heavier dopants always result in lower phonon group velocities and lower thermal ***,the amount of equivalent heavyatom single dopant available is ***,nonequivalent heavy dopants have finite solubility because of charge ***,we propose a charge balance strategy for SnS by substituting Sn2+with Ag^(+)and heavy Bi^(3+),improving the doping limit of Ag from 2%to 3%.Ag and Bi codoping increases the point defect concentration and introduces abundant boundaries simultaneously,scattering the phonons at both the atomic scale and *** thermal conductivity of Ag0.03Bi0.03Sn0.94S decreased to 0.535 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)at room temperature and 0.388 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)at 275°C,which is below the amorphous limit of 0.450 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)for *** strategy offers a simple way to enhance the doping limit and achieve ultralow thermal conductivity in solids below the amorphous limit without precise structural modification.

关键词： charge-balanced codoping heavy atom point defect grain boundary ultralow thermal conductivity

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1D p-type molecular-based coordination polymer semiconductor with ultrahigh mobility

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Science Bulletin 2024年第17期69卷 2705-2711页

作者： Chenhui Yu Xinxu zhu Kefeng Li Guan-E Wang Gang Xu State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

One-dimensional(1D)semiconductor nanostructures exhibit exceptional performance in mitigating short-channel effects and ensuring low power ***,the scarcity of high-mobility ptype 1D materials impedes further ***-based materials offer high designability in structure and properties,making them a promising candidate for 1D p-type semiconductor materials.A molecular-based 1D p-type material was developed under the guidance of coordination ***-HT(HT is the abbreviation of p-hydroxy thiophenol)combines the merits of highly orbital overlap between Cu and S,fully covered surface modification with phenol functional groups,and unique cuprophilic(Cu-Cu)*** such,Cu-HT has a remarkable hole mobility of 27.2 cm2V-1s-1,which is one of the highest reported values for 1D molecular-based materials to date and even surpass those of commonly used amorphous silicon as well as the majority of 1D inorganic *** achievement underscores the significant potential of coordination polymers in optimizing carrier transport and represents a major advancement in the synthesis of high-performance,1D p-type semiconductor materials.?2024 Science China *** by Elsevier *** Science China *** rights are reserved.

关键词： Molecular-basedmaterials Hole mobility Coordinationpolymer Field-effecttransistors

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基础摆动条件下电磁轴承-柔性转子系统的加速度前馈振动抑制

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振动工程学报 2024年第8期37卷 1269-1280页

作者：张鹏祝长生浙江大学电气工程学院浙江杭州310027

旋转机械基础的摆动会给转子系统带来附加的陀螺力矩和惯性载荷,影响转子系统的振动及稳定性,甚至影响转子的正常运行。为了有效控制电磁轴承‐柔性转子系统在基础摆动下的振动,提出了一种基于基础加速度的前馈补偿控制方法。该方法基... 详细信息

旋转机械基础的摆动会给转子系统带来附加的陀螺力矩和惯性载荷,影响转子系统的振动及稳定性,甚至影响转子的正常运行。为了有效控制电磁轴承‐柔性转子系统在基础摆动下的振动,提出了一种基于基础加速度的前馈补偿控制方法。该方法基于柔性转子系统动力学模型以及基础摆动的信息,可直接得到抑制转子振动所需的最佳补偿电流,无需迭代和复杂的控制器结构,因此具有较强的快速性和实用性。为了消除建模误差对前馈补偿控制性能的影响,给出了对补偿电流进行修正的方法。仿真分析了补偿算法对转子振动的抑制效果。在搭建的电磁轴承‐柔性转子系统基础运动试验平台上,进行了基础摆动条件下转子悬浮、恒速、加速运行时的振动控制有效性试验。理论和试验结果一致,表明基础摆动产生的附加惯性载荷会使电磁轴承‐柔性转子系统在垂直于摆动方向上的振动明显增大,产生的附加陀螺力矩会使沿摆动方向的振动有所增大,且增加的幅度随转子转速的升高而增大。在包含一阶弯曲临界转速的转速范围内,基础加速度前馈补偿控制对基础摆动条件下的转子振动均有显著的抑制效果。

关键词：振动抑制电磁轴承基础摆动前馈补偿

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中国人工智能发展的空间极化与国际追赶——基于技术-产业双重视角

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农村金融研究 2024年第3期 67-80页

作者：朱兰中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所中国社会科学院经济大数据与政策评估实验室中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院

人工智能是引领未来技术和产业变革、构筑国家竞争优势的重要领域。在技术-产业框架内讨论人工智能内涵,选取人工智能专利指标、人工智能企业数目、全球人工智能发展指数衡量人工智能技术和产业发展,分析新发展格局下中国人工智能国际... 详细信息

人工智能是引领未来技术和产业变革、构筑国家竞争优势的重要领域。在技术-产业框架内讨论人工智能内涵,选取人工智能专利指标、人工智能企业数目、全球人工智能发展指数衡量人工智能技术和产业发展,分析新发展格局下中国人工智能国际国内发展现状与特征。国内跨区域比较发现,人工智能技术和产业分布高度不均衡,具有“东强西弱、南多北少、高度集中、梯度分布”特征,且技术集中度高于企业集中度,存在空间极化现象。跨国比较发现,中国人工智能技术和产业发展整体处于领先地位,专利数量和海外布局不弱于美国,但是专利质量、顶尖企业和人才落后于美国,存在“木桶效应”,尤其是AI人才。在新发展格局下推动人工智能发展,有必要统筹国内与国际,既要平衡区域人工智能发展水平,多措并举缩小区域“数字鸿沟”,也要立足和巩固比较优势,补足人才短板,融入人工智能全球创新网络。

关键词：人工智能指标测度特征分析空间极化国际追赶

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Improvement of glucose metabolism in middle-aged mice on a high-fat diet by whole-grain highland barley is related to low methionine levels

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2906-2916页

作者： Chuanxing Feng Yueting Ge Bowen Li Xiangrong Cheng Xue Tang j.anj.n zhu Yuge jiang Yonghui Shi Guowei Le Center for Food nutrition and Functional Food Engineering School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China College of Life Science xinyang Normal Universityxinyang 464000China Key Laboratory of xin'an Medicine Ministry of EducationAnhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese MedicineAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230038China

Methionine restriction(MR)is an effective dietary strategy to regulate energy metabolism and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in the body,especially in the middle-aged and elderly ***,the high methionine content of meat products makes this dietary strategy impossible to combine with protein supplementation and *** barley(HB),a low-methionine cereal,not only provides the body with protein but also has improved glucose metabolism and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ***,this study evaluated the feasibility of HB as a source of methionine-restricted dietary protein and the potential ***-aged C57BL/6j mice were fed a control diet(COn),a high-fat diet(HFD),a whole-grain HB high-fat diet(HBHF),or a HBHF+methionine diet(HBHFmet)for 25 *** results showed that the HBHF could keep the body weight,fasting glucose,insulin,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),blood lipids,inflammation,and oxidative stress of HFD mice at normal *** with the HFD groups,HBHF inhibited pancreatic cell apoptosis and improved insulin secretion while improving hepatic and skeletal muscle glucose ***,these efficacies were attenuated in HBHFmet group *** findings suggest that HBHF has an MR strategy.

关键词： Methionine restriction strategy Highland barley Insulin secretion Glucose metabolism

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Tantalum pentoxide:a new material platform for high-performance dielectric metasurface optics in the ultraviolet and visible region

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 142-152页

作者： Cheng Zhang Lu Chen Zhelin Lin junyeob Song Danyan Wang Moxin Li Okan Koksal Zi Wang Grisha Spektor David Carlson Henri j.Lezec Wenqi zhu Scott Papp Amit Agrawal School of Optical and Electronic Information&Wuhan national Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China national Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA University of Maryland College ParkMD 20742USA national Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO 80305USA

Dielectric metasurfaces,composed of planar arrays of subwavelength dielectric structures that collectively mimic the operation of conventional bulk optical elements,have revolutionized the field of optics by their potential in constructing high-efficiency and multi-functional optoelectronic systems on *** performance of a dielectric metasurface is largely determined by its constituent material,which is highly desired to have a high refractive index,low optical loss and wide bandgap,and at the same time,be fabrication ***,we present a new material platform based on tantalum pentoxide(Ta2O5)for implementing high-performance dielectric metasurface optics over the ultraviolet and visible spectral *** wide-bandgap dielectric,exhibiting a high refractive index exceeding 2.1 and negligible extinction coefficient across a broad spectrum,can be easily deposited over large areas with good quality using straightforward physical vapor deposition,and patterned into high-aspect-ratio subwavelength nanostructures through commonly-available fluorine-gas-based reactive ion *** implement a series of highefficiency ultraviolet and visible metasurfaces with representative light-field modulation functionalities including polarization-independent high-numerical-aperture lensing,spin-selective hologram projection,and vivid structural color generation,and the devices exhibit operational efficiencies up to 80%.Our work overcomes limitations faced by scalability of commonly-employed metasurface dielectrics and their operation into the visible and ultraviolet spectral range,and provides a novel route towards realization of high-performance,robust and foundry-manufacturable metasurface optics.

关键词： dielectric optics ultraviolet

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