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A dual-function selection system enables positive selection of multigene CRISPR mutants and negative selection of Cas9-free progeny in Arabidopsis

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 140-150页

作者： Feng-zhu Wang Ying Bao Zhenxiang Li Xiangyu Xiong jian-Feng Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The CRISPR/Cas9 technology revolutionizes targeted gene knockout in diverse organisms including ***,screening edited alleles,particularly those with multiplex editing,from herbicide-or antibiotic-resistant transgenic plants and segregating out the Cas9 transgene represent two laborious *** solutions to facilitate these processes rely on different selection ***,by taking advantage of the opposite functions of a D-amino acid oxidase(DAO)in detoxifying D-serine and in metabolizing non-toxic D-valine to a cytotoxic product,we develop a DAO-based selection system that simultaneously enables the enrichment of multigene edited alleles and elimination of Cas9-containing progeny in Arabidopsis *** five DAOs tested in Escherichia coli,the one encoded by Trigonopsis variabilis(TvDAO)could confer slightly stronger D-serine resistance than other *** expression of TvDAO in Arabidopsis allowed a clear distinction between transgenic and nontransgenic plants in both D-serine-conditioned positive selection and D-valine-conditioned negative *** a proof of concept,we combined CRISPR-induced single-strand annealing repair of a dead TvDAO with D-serine-based positive selection to help identify transgenic plants with multiplex editing,where D-serine-resistant plants exhibited considerably higher co-editing frequencies at three endogenous target genes than those selected by ***,D-valine-based negative selection successfully removed Cas9 and TvDAO transgenes from the survival offspring carrying inherited ***,this work provides a novel strategy to ease CRISPR mutant identification and Cas9 transgene elimination using a single selection marker,which promises more efficient and simplified multiplex CRISPR editing in plants.

关键词： CRISPR Genome editing D-amino acid oxidase Cas9-free Selection marker

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Evaluation of E-sail parameters on central spacecraft attitude stability using a high-fidelity rigid–flexible coupling model

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Astrodynamics 2024年第2期8卷 271-284页

作者： Chonggang Du Zheng H.zhu Changqing Wang Aijun Li Tuanjie Li School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Mechanical Engineering York University4700 Keele StreetTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

This study examines the impact of electric solar wind sail(E-sail)parameters on the attitude stability of E-sail’s central spacecraft by using a comprehensive rigid–flexible coupling dynamic *** this model,the nodal position finite element method is used to model the elastic deformation of the tethers through interconnected two-node tensile *** attitude dynamics of the central spacecraft is described using a natural coordinate *** rigid–flexible coupling between the central spacecraft and its flexible tethers is established using Lagrange *** research reveals the significant influences of parameters such as tether numbers,tether’s electric potential,and solar wind velocity on attitude ***,solar wind fluctuations and the distribution of electric potential on the main tethers considerably affect the attitude stability of the *** consistent management,the angular velocities of the spacecraft must remain at target ***,the attitude stability of a spacecraft has a pronounced dependence on the geometrical configuration of the E-sail,with axisymmetric E-sails proving to be more stable.

关键词： electric solar wind sail(E-sail) space tether nodal position finite element method(NPFEM) natural coordinate formulation (NCF) attitude stability

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Dual-phase coexistence enables to alleviate resistance drift in phase-change films

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journal of Semiconductors 2024年第7期45卷 55-59页

作者： Tong Wu Chen Chen jinyi zhu Guoxiang Wang Shixun Dai Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices The Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Institute of Ocean Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

The amorphous phase-change materials with spontaneous structural relaxation leads to the resistance drift with the time for phase-change neuron synaptic devices. Here, we modify the phase change properties of the conventional Ge_2Sb_2Te_5(GST) material by introducing an SnS phase. It is found that the resistance drift coefficient of SnS-doped GST was decreased from 0.06 to 0.01. It can be proposed that the origin originates from the precipitation of GST nanocrystals accompanied by the precipitation of SnS crystals compared to single-phase GST compound systems. We also found that the decrease in resistance drift can be attributed to the narrowed bandgap from 0.65 to 0.43 eV after SnS-doping. Thus, this study reveals the quantitative relationship between the resistance drift and the band gap and proposes a new idea for alleviating the resistance drift by composition optimization, which is of great significance for finding a promising phase change material.

关键词： phase change films X-ray methods resistance drift optical band gap

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A vectorial model for the nonlinear gradient force exerted on metallic Rayleigh nanoparticles

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 207-213页

作者：朱政张聿全闵长俊 Aurèle j.LAdam H.Paul Urbach 袁小聪 Research Center for Humanoid Sensing Research Institute of Intelligent SensingZhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China Nanophotonics Research Center Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics&State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Optics Research Group ImPhys DepartmentFaculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CJThe Netherlands

Optical tweezers have proved to be a powerful tool with a wide range of *** gradient force plays a vital role in the stable optical trapping of *** scalar method is convenient and effective for analyzing the gradient force in traditional optical ***,when the third-order nonlinear effect of the nano-object is stimulated,the scalar method cannot adequately present the optical response of the metal nanoparticle to the external optical ***,we propose a theoretical model to interpret the nonlinear gradient force using the vector *** combining the optical Kerr effect,the polarizability vector of the metallic nanoparticle is derived.A quantitative analysis is obtained for the gradient force as well as for the optical potential *** vector method yields better agreement with reported experimental *** suggest that this method could lead to a deeper understanding of the physics relevant to nonlinear optical trapping and binding phenomena.

关键词： gradient forces nonlinear effect metallic nanoparticles

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Comparison of toxicity between lanthanum oxide nanoparticles and lanthanum chloride

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 424-430,I0007页

作者： Kun Huang Songchang Lai Miao Guo Xingwu zhu jiashuangwei Yuan Zhehao Liu Gonghua Hu Yanfang Gao School of Public Health and Health Management Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou341000China

Due to the wide application of rare earth elements,lanthanum(La) is gradually accumulated in our living *** can enter the body through a variety of routes,which has a series of effects on various *** a consequence,the safety of lanthanum deserves our *** study aims to compare the toxicity of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles(La_(2)O_(3) NPs) and lanthanum chloride(LaCl_(3)) and enrich the toxicity evaluation of ***,a 30 d intragastal experiment was conducted.C57BL/6j mice were given by La_(2)O_(3) NPs solution and LaCl_(3) solution respectively at doses of 0,30,60 and120 mg/kg BW(lanthanum content).The results show that,compared with the control group,both La_(2)O_(3)NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the body weight of female mice in the high-dose group,but for male mice,the high-dose La_(2)O_(3) NPs solution can increase the body weight,while LaCl_(3) has the opposite *** coefficients of liver,kidney,heart,lung,uterine and ovaries increase first and then decrease with the exposure dose,but testes and epididymides coefficient keep increasing with the exposure of LaCl_(3) and La_(2)O_(3) ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the concentration of triglycerides(TG) and increase the level of low density lipoprotein(LDL),but the effect of La_(2)O_(3) NPs is more ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) can reduce the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA),increase the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and enhance the activity of catalase(CAT),but LaCl_(3) has more obvious protective effects on oxidative ***_(2)O_(3) NPs and LaCl_(3) have potential risks to liver,and the toxicity of La_(2)O_(3) NPs might be higher than that of LaCl_(3).

关键词： Rare earth elements Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles Lanthanum chloride Lipid metabolism Oxidative stress

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Microstructure Recrystallization and Mechanical Properties of a Cold-Rolled TiNbZrTaHf Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第4期37卷 633-647页

作者： Chuan Rong jieren Yang Xiaoliang Zhao Ke Huang Ying Liu Xiaohong Wang Dongdong zhu Ruirun Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province Quzhou UniversityQuzhou324000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

The equiatomic TiNbZrTaHf alloy was successfully rolled at room temperature with the reduction of ~ 85%. The microstructure and tensile properties were investigated after cold working and annealing. It was determined that the recrystallization temperature of the TiNbZrTaHf alloy between 850 and 900 ℃. Complete recrystallization and normal grain growth occurred, the high stability of single phase was maintained after annealing at 1000, 1200, and 1400 ℃. But the precipitated phase appeared after long term annealing, as seen after 500 h at 1000 ℃. After cold working, the tensile strength and the elongation of TiNbZrTaHf were 1137 MPa and 25.1%, respectively. The annealed alloy has a high tensile strength (σ_(b )= 863 MPa) and ductility (ε_(e )= 28.5%). Moreover, the oxidation of TiNbZrTaHf alloy at elevated temperatures has a significant impact on its mechanical properties. The poor oxidation resistance of TiNbZrTaHf can accelerate tensile failure by inducing fractures at grain boundaries.

关键词： Refractory high entropy alloy Cold rolling Recrystallization Oxidation resistance Mechanical properties

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Transcription factor OsSPL10 interacts with OsjAmyb to regulate blast resistance in rice

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The Crop journal 2024年第1期12卷 301-307页

作者： Zaofa Zhong Lijing Zhong Xiang zhu Yimin jiang Yihong Zheng Tao Lan Haitao Cui College of Life Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

Transcription factors(TFs)play essential roles in transcriptional reprogramming during activation of plant immune responses to ***10(SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like10)is an important TF regulating trichome development and salt tolerance in *** we report that knockout of OsSPL10 reduces whereas its overexpression enhances rice resistance to blast ***10 positively regulates chitin-induced immune responses including reactive oxygen species(ROS)burst and callose *** show that OsSPL10 physically associates with OsjAmyb,an important TF involved in jasmonic acid(jA)signaling,and positively regulates its protein *** then prove that OsjAmyb positively regulates resistance to *** results reveal a molecular module consisting of OsSPL10 and OsjAmyb that positively regulates blast resistance.

关键词： Immunity jasmonate Oryza sativa OsSPL10 Transcription factor

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Performance evaluation of new epoxy resin-based composite phase change materials and their asphalt mixture

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 507-522页

作者： Yuchao Gao jiao jin Shuai Liu Yinfei Du Guoping Qian jie Mao Yongqiang zhu School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China Guangdong Guanyue Highway and Bridge Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 511452China

In recent years,the temperature-adjusted asphalt pavement has been an extensive concern by scholars in various countries,and this pavement can reduce temperaturerelated *** this study,the shaped composite phase change materials(CPCMs)were successfully synthesized by two processes,which are vacuum impregnation and epoxy ***,the applicability of CPCMs in asphalt mixtures was evaluated by microscopic characterization,chemical compatibility,thermal properties,durability,and leakage ***,CPCMs were applied to the asphalt mixture to evaluate its temperatureadjusted characteristics and pavement ***,the performance of the temperature-adjusted asphalt mixture was analyzed by integrating all *** research shows that the prepared CPCMs have excellent thermal properties and durability,the phase transition temperature is 48.93℃,and the phase transition enthalpy is 106.5 j/g,which fully meets the requirements for use in *** temperature-adjusted asphalt mixture could alleviate the occurrence of extreme temperature,which was 4.9℃lower than the conventional *** pavement performance of the temperatureadjusted asphalt mixture can meet the specified standards for humid *** the factors,the recommended amount of CPCMs is 1.5%.The research results provide a basis for the promotion of temperature-adjusted asphalt pavement and effectively support the development of pavement engineering technology.

关键词： Pavement engineering Temperature-adjusted asphalt mixture Phase change materials Thermal performance

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The use of electrokinetics promises a sustainable mining future

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 17-18页

作者： Gaofeng Wang Xiaoliang Liang jianxi zhu Hongping He CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Material Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Moving toward a zero-carbon economy is an ambitious goal of all human *** of various metal resources plays a central role in such a *** earth elements(REEs),especially heavy REEs(HREEs),are crucial for the development of future green and zero-carbon economies due to their irreplaceable roles in many applications of renewable energy technologies;e.g.,solar panels,wind turbines,and hybrid vehicle ***-adsorption rare earth deposits(IADs)are the primary repositories for HREEs and supply more than 95%of the global HREE demand.1 However,current mining technologies using excessive ammonium salts have caused devastating harm to the local environment while exhibiting a low recovery rate of REEs,a long mining period,and landslide *** 2018,the adoption of ammonium salt-based techniques in REE mining has been prohibited,exacerbating the scarcity of REEs that could lead to disruptions of the supply ***,metals are currently almost exclusively extracted from their ores via physical excavation or chemical *** energy-intensive and environmentally damaging techniques remain among the foremost CO_(2) *** mining industry is in desperate need of a new generation of mining technology.

关键词： mining replace earth

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Evaluation and projection of marine heatwaves in the South China Sea: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 15-25页

作者： Kai Liu Kang Xu Tongxin Han Congwen zhu Nina Li Anboyu Guo Xiaolu Huang National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Observatory Huhhot 010051China

This study evaluates the performance of 16 models sourced from the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6(CMIP6)in simulating marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)during the historical period(1982−2014),and also investigates future changes in SCS MHWs based on simulations from three shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585)using CMIP6 *** demonstrate that the CMIP6 models perform well in simulating the spatial-temporal distribution and intensity of SCS MHWs,with their multi-model ensemble(MME)results showing the best *** reasonable agreement between the observations and CMIP6 MME reveals that the increasing trends of SCS MHWs are attributed to the warming sea surface temperature *** various SSP scenarios,the year 2040 emerges as pivotal juncture for future shifts in SCS MHWs,marked by distinct variations in changing rate and *** is characterized by an accelerated decrease in MHWs frequency and a notably heightened increase in mean intensity,duration,and total days after ***,the projection results for SCS MHWs suggest that the spatial pattern of MHWs remains consistent across future ***,the intensity shows higher consistency only during the near-term period(2021−2050),while notable inconsistencies are observed during the medium-term(2041−2070)and long-term(2071−2100)periods under the three SSP *** the nearterm period,the SCS MHWs are characterized by moderate and strong events with high frequencies and relatively shorter *** contrast,during the medium-term period,MHWs are also characterized by moderate and strong events,but with longer-lasting and more intense events under the SSP245 and SSP585 ***,in the long-term period,extreme MHWs become the dominant feature under the SSP585 scenario,indicating a substantial intensification of SCS MHWs,effectively establishing a near-permanent state.

关键词： marine heatwaves South China Sea global warming future projections CMIP6

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