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Critical review of strategies for Co_2 delivery to large-scale microalgae cultures

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2219-2228页

作者： Qi Zheng Xiaoyin Xu Gregory j.o.Martin Sandra E.Kentish Peter Cook Centre for CCS Research Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Algal Processing Group Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

Microalgae have great, yet relatively untapped potential as a highly productive crop for the production of animal and aquaculture feed, biofuels, and nutraceutical products. Compared to conventional terrestrial crops they have a very fast growth rate and can be produced on non-arable land. During microalgae cultivation, carbon dioxide(Co_2) is supplied as the carbon source for photosynthesising microalgae. There are a number of potential Co_2 supplies including air, flue gas and purified Co_2. In addition, several strategies have been applied to the delivery of Co_2 to microalgae production systems, including directly bubbling Co_2-rich gas, microbubbles, porous membrane spargers and non-porous membrane contactors. This article provides a comparative analysis of the different Co_2 supply and delivery strategies and how they relate to each other.

关键词： Bubble Carbon dioxide Flue gas Bioreactors

Comparative study of 2mol% Li- and Mn-substituted lead-free potassium sodium niobate ceramics

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International journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第12期21卷 1241-1246页

作者： Asha Dahiya o.P.Thakur j.K.juneja Sangeeta Singh Dipti School of Applied Sciences Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology Dwarka University of Delhi Department of Physics Hindu College Department of Physics Geeta Vidya Mandir Girls College School of Physics & Material Sciences Thapar University

The effect of Li and Mn substitution on the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of lead free K0.5Na0.5Nbo3 （KNN） was investigated. Samples were prepared using a conventional solid state reaction method. The sintefing temperature for all the samples was 1050℃. The optimum doping concentration for the enhancement of different properties without the introduction of any other co-dopants such as Ti, Sb, and La was investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that all the samples crystallize in a single phase perovskite structure. The dielectric properties were investigated as a function of temperature and applied electric field frequency. Compared with Li-substituted KNN （KLNN）, Mn-substituted KNN （KMNN） exhibited a higher dielectric constant εmax （i.e., 4840） at its critical transition temperature Tc （i.e., 421℃） along with a lower value of tangent loss at 10 kHz and greater values of saturation polarisation Ps （i.e., 20.14 μC/cm^2） and remnant polarisation Pr （i.e., 15.48 μC/cm^2）. The piezoelectric constant （d33） of KMNN was 178 pC/N, which is comparable to that of lead-based hard ceramics. The results presented herein suggest that B-site or Mn substitution at the optimum concentration results in good enhancement of different properties required for materials used in memory devices and other applications.

关键词： ceramics dielectric properties ferroelectricity piezoelectricity substitution comparative study

Microhardness,Microstructure and Electrochemical Efficiency of an Al(Zn/xMg) Alloy after Thermal Treatment

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第3期28卷 255-260页

作者： Socorro Valdez M.Suarez o.A.Fregoso j.A.juárez-Islas Instituto de Ciencias Fisicas-UNAM Av.Universidad S/N Col.Chamilpa062210CuernavacaMorelosMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales-UNAM Circuito escolar S/NCd.Universitaria04515MéxicoD.F.México

The influence of Mg on the microhardness,microstructure and electrochemical efficiency of Al（Zn/xMg） alloys have been ***（Zn/xMg） alloys were prepared by metal mould casting method to diminish the process cost and to generate an alloy with homogenous microstructure and less casting *** hardness,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed to determine the Mg influence on the AlZn *** efficiency was used to relate the influence of Mg with the thermal treatment on the corrosion behavior of the Al（Zn/xMg） *** results reveals the presence of Al 32（MgZn） 49 phase for two events;the first is when the Mg content is above 5.49% in as-cast condition,and the second after the thermal treatment is carried out at 450℃ for 5 *** results also show that the microhardness and electrochemical efficiency have been influenced by the presence of Al 32（MgZn） 49 *** addition of Mg modifies the microstructure,increases the content of Al 32（MgZn） 49 phase and improves the electrochemical efficiency.

关键词： Al(Zn/xMg) alloy Microhardness Electrochemical efficiency Microstructures

Thermal explosion and irreversibility of hydromagnetic reactive couple stress fluid with viscous dissipation and Navier slips

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2019年第4期9卷 246-253,I0004页

作者： S.o.Salawu M.S.Dada o.j.Fenuga Department of Mathematics Landmark UniversityOmu-aranNigeria Department of Mathematics University of IlorinIlorinNigeria Department of Mathematics University of LagosAkokaNigeria

The study examines the thermal explosion branched-chain and entropy generation as a result of irreversibility of hydromagnetic reactive couple stress liquid with viscous heating and Navier *** reactive fluid flow is enhanced by heat dependent pre-exponential factor and axial pressure gradient in a porous *** flow equations for the non-Newtonian couple stress fluid model and heat transfer are solved by employing a semi-analytical collocation weighted residual method(CWRM).The efficiency and validity of the obtained results was verified with the existing *** results reveal that at low hysteresis magnetic and viscous dissipation the irreversibility process is minimized and thermodynamic equilibrium is *** results from this study can assist in understanding the relationship between thermal and thermal explosions branched-chain.

关键词： Thermal criticality Entropy generation Viscous heating Non-Newtonian fluid

How Do Sugars Regulate Plant Growth and Development？ New Insight into the Role of Treha Iose-6-Phosphate

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 261-274页

作者： Liam E. o'Hara Matthew j. Paul Astrid Wingler Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London Gower Street London WCl E 6BT UK Plant Science Rothamsted Research Harpenden Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK

Plant growth and development are tightly controlled in response to environmental conditions that influence the availability of photosynthetic carbon in the form of sucrose. Trehalose-6-phosphate （T6P）, the precursor of trehalose in the biosynthetic pathway, is an important signaling metabolite that is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development in response to carbon availability. In addition to the plant＇s own pathway for trehalose synthesis, formation of T6P or trehalose by pathogens can result in the reprogramming of plant metabolism and development. Developmental processes that are regulated by T6P range from embryo development to leaf senescence. Some of these processes are regulated in interaction with phytohormones, such as auxin. A key interacting factor of T6P signaling in response to the environment is the protein kinase sucrose non-fermenting related kinase-1 （SnRK1）, whose catalytic activity is inhibited by T6R SnRK1 is most likely involved in the adjustment of metabolism and growth in response to starvation. The transcription factor bZlP11 has recently been identified as a new player in the T6P/SnRK1 regulatory pathway. By inhibiting SnRK1, T6P promotes biosynthetic reactions. This regulation has important consequences for crop production, for example, in the developing wheat grain and during the growth of potato tubers.

关键词： bZlP11 carbon availability plant development starvation sucrose non-fermenting related kinase-1 (SnRK1) trehalose trehalose-6-phosphate.

Asphaltene Erosion Process in Air Plasma: Emission Spectroscopy and Surface Analysis for Air-Plasma Reactions

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Plasma Science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 303-311页

作者： H.MARTINEZ o. FLoRES j.C. PoVEDA B. CAMPILLo Institute of Physical Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico Chemistry Faculty Autonomous National University of Mexico

optical emission spectroscopy （oES） was applied for plasma characterization during the erosion of asphaltene substrates. An amount of 100 mg of asphaltene was carefully applied to an electrode and exposed to air-plasma glow discharge at a pressure of 1.0 Torr. The plasma was generated in a stainless steel discharge chamber by an ac generator at a frequency of 60 Hz, output power of 50 W and a gas flow rate of 1.8 L/min. The electron temperature and ion density were estimated to be 2.15±0.11 eV and （1.24±0.05）× 10^16 m^-3, respectively, using a double Langmuir probe. oES was employed to observe the emission from the asphaltene exposed to air plasma. Both molecular band emission from N2, N2＋, oH, CH, NH, o2 as well as CN, and atomic light emission from V and Hγ were observed and used to monitor the evolution of asphaltene erosion. The asphaltene erosion was analyzed with the aid of a scanning electron microscope （SEM） equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray （EDX） detector. The EDX analysis showed that the time evolution of elements C, o, S and V were similar and the chemical composition of the exposed asphaltenes remained constant. Particle size evolution was measured, showing a maximum size of 2307 μm after 60 min. This behavior is most likely related to particle agglomeration as a function of time.

关键词： asphaltene erosion surface analysis optical emission spectroscopy pulsedplasma glow discharge

Measurement of in-plane deformations of microsystems by digital holography and speckle interferometry(Invited Paper)

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Chinese optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1109-1112页

作者： G. Pedrini j. Gaspar o. Paul W. osten Institut fr Technische optik Universitt Stuttgart Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK Universitt Freiburg

The reliability of microsystems is an important issue and for their quality inspection, it is necessary to know the displacements or deformations due to the applied mechanical, thermal, or electrostatic loads. We show how interferometrical techniques like digital holography and speckle interferometry can be used for the measurement of in plane deformations of microsystems with nanometric accuracy and we give a description of the measurement uncertainties.

关键词： Invited Paper Measurement of in-plane deformations of microsystems by digital holography and speckle interferometry

Multipartite quantum correlations among atoms in QED cavities

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第1期13卷 163-178页

作者： j. Batle A. Farouk o. Tarawneh S. Abdalla Departament de Fisica Universitat de les Illes Balears 07122 Palma de Mallorca Balearic Islands Spain Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Mansoura University Egypt Information Technology Department Al-Zahra College for Women P.O. Box 3365 Muscat Oman Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah P.O. Box 80203. Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

We study the nonlocality dynamics for two models of atoms in cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED）; the first model contains atoms in a single cavity undergoing nearest-neighbor interactions with no initial correlation, and tile second contains atoms confined in n different and noninteracting cavities, all of which were initially prepared in a maximally correlated state of n qubits corresponding to the atomic degrees of freedom. The nonlocality evolution of the states in the second model shows that the corresponding maximal violation of a multipartite Bell inequality exhibits revivals at precise times, defining, nonlocality sudden deaths and nonlocality sudden rebirths, in analogy with entanglement. These quantum correlations are provided analytically for the second model to make the study more thorough. Differences in the first model regarding whether the array of atoms inside the cavity is arranged in a periodic or open fashion are crucial to the generation or redistribution of quantum correlations. This contribution paves the way to using the nonlocality multipartite correlation measure for describing the collective complex behavior displayed by slightly interacting cavity QED arrays.

关键词： quantum optics cavity quantum electrodynamics multipartite nonlocality

Correlation of gene content in selected bifidobacteria with folate supplier or scavenger status during growth in laboratory media

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 1057-1066页

作者： omer F.Celik Daniel j.o’Sullivan Department of Food Science and Nutrition Microbial and Plant Genomics InstituteUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Department of Food Engineering Faculty of AgricultureOrdu University52200OrduTurkey

Five different bifidobacterial cultures were screened to investigate if their de novo folate production ability could be predicated based on their folate biosynthetic gene *** previously developed folate free media could not adequately support the growth of these five strains,even with added folate,an alternative medium(YNB+)was *** with its genome prediction,Bifidobacterium animalis *** strain Bb-12 required folate for its growth even in the presence of p-aminobenzoic acid(PABA).Although *** Djo10A and *** ATCC 15701 lack an alkaline phosphatase gene for the formation of one pathway intermediate(DHPPP),both were found to be able to grow independent from folate and PABA suggesting that lack of these genes in genome annotations cannot be used to predict folate dependency in ***,having all required genes cannot always predict folate production,as *** *** RECb4 contained a full set of pathway genes,but required folate or PABA for *** many bifidobacteria can produce folate,this also cannot be used to predicate their ability to supply folate as some can act as scavengers when folate is readily available in the environment,such as *** ATCC 15701 in this *** bifidobacterial cultures are sometimes considered for use in foods based on their folate production abilities,it is important to consider whether they function as folate scavengers or suppliers when growing in folate containing media.

关键词： Folic acid PABA Probiotics Folate