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Understanding pediatric surgical needs in North Korea: a modeling analysis

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World journal of pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： phillip j Hsu Sangchul yoon Kee B park University of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanitiesand Social Sciences Yonsei University SeoulSouth Korea

Background Sixty-five percent of children worldwide lack access to surgical care,the majority of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries(LMiCs).Developing surgical infrastructure requires information on surgical need;however,this information is often limited in *** Korea(Democratic people's Republic of Korea,DpRK)has a low amount of publicly available ***,we analyzed available modeled data to understand the causes of pediatric deaths due to conditions treatable with surgery in *** We used World Bank data and models from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to identify causes of pediatric deaths affecting pediatric patients(agepared mortality of disease between DpRK and countries with similar economic *** Between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths has *** 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths in DpRK were caused by surgical *** leading categories of surgical conditions were injuries(53.9%),congenital conditions(34.2%),tumors(8.8%),and abdominal conditions(3.2%).DpRK has a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths compared with other LMICs with similar gross domestic product per ***,it has a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths due to conditions requiring treatment with *** injuries contribute significantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths in *** Although DpRK may be allocating overall resources toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers,DpRK may benefit from improvement in pediatric surgical *** availability of data and close international collaboration could be potential solutions to bridge this gap.

关键词： pediatric surgical injuries

Investigating ischemia and reperfusion-induced organ damage in severe cardiac arrest:A comprehensive proteomics perspective

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journal of pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 427-430页

作者： ju Yeon Lee Muhammad Shoaib jin-Woong Choi Rishabh C.Choudhary Tai Yin Nara yoon Kei Hayashida Seunguk j.Baek Santiago j.Miyara Lance B.Becker junhwan Kim Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuSouth Korea Bio-Analytical Science University of Science and TechnologyCheongjuSouth Korea Laboratory for Critical Care physiology Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNY11030USA Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell School of Medicine HempsteadNY11549USA Mathematics and Computer Science Adelphi UniversityGarden CityNY11530USA Department of Emergency Medicine North Shore University HospitalManhassetNY11030USA

Cardiac arrest(CA)is a life-threatening condition with complex pathophysiology and limited treatment *** gain deeper insights into the pathological state of vital organs,we employed a proteomics analysis in rodents to assess proteome alterations in the brain,heart,kidney,and liver using a rat model of *** brain displayed severe protein alterations in essential cellular pathways,including three major energy-generating pathways after CA,which worsened after resuscitation,resulting in the most significant overall protein changes among the ***,the liver,experiencing the most substantial protein alterations post-CA,demonstrated significant recovery,presenting the least protein changes post-resuscitation.

关键词： alterations organs damage

Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer among American veterans

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5274-5278页

作者： M Mazen jamal Eugene j yoon Kenneth j Vega Mehrtash Hashemzadeh Kenneth j Chang Division of Gastroenterology Veterans Affairs(VA) Medical CenterLong BeachCA 90822United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine Medical CenterOrangeCA 92868United States Division of Gastroenterology University of Florida/JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 32207United States

AIM:To assess the risk of biliary and pancreatic cancers in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) .METHODS:Eligibility for this study included patients with type 2 DM(ICD-9 code 250.0) who were discharged from Department of Veteran Affairs hospitals between 1990 and ***-matched control patients without DM were selected from the same patient treatment files during the same *** information included age,sex and *** diagnoses included known risk factors based on their ICD-9 *** multivariate logistic regression,the occurrence of biliary and pancreatic cancer was compared between case subjects with DM and controls without ***:A total of 1172496 case and control subjects were *** mean age for study and control subjects was 65.8 ± 11.3 and 64.8 ± 12.6 years,*** frequency of pancreatic cancer in subjects with DM was increased(0.9%) in comparison to control subjects(0.3%) with an OR of 3.22(95% CI:3.03-3.42) .The incidence of gallbladder andextrahepatic biliary cancers was increased by twofold in diabetic patients when compared to *** OR and 95% CI were 2.20(1.56-3.00) and 2.10(1.61-2.53) ,***:Our study demonstrated that patients with DM have a threefold increased risk for developing pancreatic cancer and a twofold risk for developing biliary cancer.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus pancreatic neoplasms Adenocarcinoma Gallbladder neoplasms

Deep convolutional Ritz method: parametric pDE surrogates without labeled data

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第7期44卷 1151-1174页

作者： j.N.FUHG A.KARMARKAR T.KADEETHUM H.yoon N.BOUKLAS Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell UniversityNew York 14853U.S.A Geomechanics Department Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerque 87123U.S.A.

The parametric surrogate models for partial differential equations(pDEs)are a necessary component for many applications in computational sciences,and the convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have proven to be an excellent tool to generate these surrogates when parametric fields are *** are commonly trained on labeled data based on one-to-one sets of parameter-input and pDE-output ***,residual-based deep convolutional physics-informed neural network(DCpINN)solvers for parametric pDEs have been proposed to build surrogates without the need for labeled *** allow for the generation of surrogates without an expensive *** this work,we present an alternative formulation termed deep convolutional Ritz method(DCRM)as a parametric pDE *** approach is based on the minimization of energy functionals,which lowers the order of the differential operators compared to residualbased *** on studies involving the poisson equation with a spatially parameterized source term and boundary conditions,we find that CNNs trained on labeled data outperform DCpINNs in convergence speed and generalization *** surrogates generated from the DCRM,however,converge significantly faster than their DCpINN counterparts,and prove to generalize faster and better than the surrogates obtained from both CNNs trained on labeled data and *** hints that the DCRM could make pDE solution surrogates trained without labeled data possibly.

关键词： physics-informed constraint physics-informed neural network(pINN) deep energy network convolutional neural network(CNN)

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AppLICATION OF Ct-pARAMETER FOR CREEp-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH WITH SLOW LOAD RISING CONDITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第1期12卷 22-30页

作者： Lee, j.H. yoon, K.B. Kim, Y.j. Back, U.B. Korea Inst of Nuclear Safety Taejon South Korea

Most of the assessment equations for Ct which is a wellknown fracture parameter characterizing high temperature crack growth rates, have limited applicability to constant load conditions after sudden loading. However, crack growth due to creep can also occur under load varying conditions when load rising time is so long that accumulated creep deformation near the crack tip is not *** this paper, the estimation equation of the Ctparameter which can be applied to the case of slow load rising, i.e., (Ct)r, is explained. And the correlation between (Ct)r at the end of the load increasing period and Ct at the beginning of the succeeding load hold period is discussed. Finite element analyses of several cases with various loading conditions were performed and results were presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed Ct estimation scheme. The general applicability of the equation is also discussed.

关键词： creep fatigue crack time dependent fracture mechanics Ctparameter,C*integral

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Novel diamond shuttle to deliver flexible neural probe with reduced tissue compression

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 903-915页

作者： Kyounghwan Na Zachariah j.Sperry jiaao Lu Mihaly Voroslakos Saman S.parizi Tim M.Bruns Euisik yoon john p.Seymour Electrical Engineering&Computer Science Department University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48105USA Biomedical Engineering Department University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48105USA Biointerfaces Institute University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48105USA The Neuroscience Institute New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10016USA Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 03722Korea Graduate program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(Nano BME) Yonsei-IBS InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

The ability to deliver flexible biosensors through the toughest membranes of the central and peripheral nervous system is an important challenge in neuroscience and neural *** devices implanted through dura mater and thick epineurium would ideally create minimal compression and acute damage as they reach the neurons of *** demonstrate that a three-dimensional diamond shuttle can be easily made with a vertical support to deliver ultra-compliant polymer microelectrodes(4.5-µm thick)through dura mater and thick *** diamond shuttle has 54%less cross-sectional area than an equivalently stiff silicon shuttle,which we simulated will result in a 37%reduction in blood vessel *** also discovered that higher frequency oscillation of the shuttle(200Hz)significantly reduced tissue compression regardless of the insertion speed,while slow speeds also independently reduced tissue *** and recording performance are demonstrated in rat and feline models,but the large design space of these tools are suitable for research in a variety of animal models and nervous system targets.

关键词： sectional neural thick

The role of emergency incident type in identifying first responders' health exposure risks

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journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 167-173页

作者： Emily j.Haas Katherine N.yoon Alexa Furek Megan Casey Susan M.Moore National personal protective Technology Laboratory(NppTL) National Institute for Ocupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)PittsburghPA 15236United States National personal protective Technology Laboratory(NppTL) National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)MorgantownWV2605United States

Fire-based emergency management service(EMS)personnel are dispatched to various incidents daily,many of which have unique occupational *** fully understand the variability of incident types and how to best pre-pare and respond,an exploration of the *** system of incident types is *** study uses potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2 as a case example to understand if and how coding categories for incident call types may be updated to improve data standardization and emergency response decision *** received emergency response incident data generated by three fire department computer-aided dispatch(CAD)systems between March and September *** incident was labeled EMS,Fire,or *** the 162,766 incidents,approximately 8.1%(n=13,144)noted potential SARS-CoV-2 exposure within their narrative descriptions of which 86.3%were coded as EMS,9.9%as Fire,and 3.9%as *** assess coding variability across incident types,researchers used the original 3-incident type variable and a new 5-incident type variable reassigned by researchers into EMS,Fire,Other,Hazmat,and Motor *** regressions compared differences in potential exposure using the 3-and 5-incident type *** evaluating the 3-incident type variable,those respond-ing to a Fire versus an EMS incident were 84%less likely to be associated with potential exposure to *** the 5-incident type variable,those responding to Fire incidents were 77%less likely to be associated with a potential exposure than those responding to EMS *** in potential exposure between the 3-and 5-incident type models show the need to understand how incident types are *** demonstrates the need for data standardization to accurately categorize incident types to improve emergency preparedness and *** have implications for incident type coding at fire department municipality and national levels.

关键词： Emergencymedical se Firefighter Incident type Surveillance Telecommunicator

FE SIMULATION OF CENTER CRACK OCCURRENCE IN TUBE ROUNDS DURING TWO-ROLL ROTARY ROLLING pROCESS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第3期20卷 225-234页

作者： S.Z. Li j. Xu Y.D. Yin j.G. Xue F. pan j.M. Zheng j.H. yoon Department of Materials Forming and Control Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma＇anshan 243002 China provincial Key Laboratory of Metals and processing Ma＇anshan 243002 China Steel Tube ＆ pipe Company of Bao Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200941 China Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science Changwon National University Changwon 641-773 Korea

With the aid of FE （finite element） code *** 2005, 2-D coupled thermo-mechanical simulation of center-crack occurrence in round billet during 2-roll rotary rolling process was presented using Oyane ductile fracture criteria. A simple modeling is put forward based on the spiral motion of the workpiece as an essential characteristic in movement. The influence of the feed angle and the entry cone angle of the main roll on the process was taken into account in the modeling. The soundness for simplifying the 3-D rotary rolling into a 2-D problem was discussed. By adopting the parameters of Diescher piercer in 140mm mandrel mill of Bao Steel, the distribution and development of strain/stress were analyzed, and the eigen value of ductile fracture as well. The critical percentage of diameter reduction was obtained from the simulation. The result showed a good agreement with the experimental value, and therefore was of widely guiding significance to the practical process for rationally formulating the deformation parameters of steel tube piercing.

关键词： numerical simulation inside crack, tube piercing rotary rolling seamless tube deformation

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Effects of air movement in a hot air dryer on the drying characteristics of colored potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) using computational fluid dynamics

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第1期11卷 232-240页

作者： Hyeon Woo park Won Byong yoon Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life ScienceKangwon National UniversityChuncheonGangwon 200-701S.Korea

The flow fields of hot air in the dryer for drying colored potatoes of which characteristics are highly sensitive to the temperature were simulated using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** local air velocity decreased as the distance from the flow inlet *** mass and heat transfer coefficients increased from 0.666×10^(-2) m/s to 1.711×10^(-2) m/s,and 6.555 W/(m^(2)·K)to 16.834 W/(m^(2)·K),respectively,as the air velocity increased from 0.207 m/s to 1.567 m/s at 60°*** drying simulation model using the heat and mass transfer model made accurate *** thermal properties of colored potato,such as the thermal conductivity and specific heat,decreased significantly from 0.440 W/(m·K)to 0.034 W/(m·K)and 3906.45 j/(kg·K)to 2198.52 j/(kg·K),respectively,as the moisture content decreased from 78% to 5%.With the variable thermal and physical properties,the heat transfer simulation model made accurate predictions of the hot-air drying characteristics for the colored potatoes,and the RMSE values for all cases were(1.85±0.27)℃.

关键词： colored potato hot air drying drying characteristics computational fluid dynamics thickness air velocity