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An enhanced method for fast generation of hologram sub-lines

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Chinese Op.ics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1092-1096页

作者： p. W. M. Tsang j. p. liu K. W. K. Cheung T.-C. p.on Dep.rtment of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Dep.rtment of p.otonics Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung 40724 China Bradley Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA

Sub-lines are one-dimensional diffraction p.tterns rep.esenting the light beams emerging from horizontal p.anes of an obj.ct image. p.st research has demonstrated that the sub-lines can be encap.ulated as a multi-bank filtering p.ocess, and imp.emented with a field p.ogrammable gate array （Fp.A） device. As the comp.exity of the filters is high, their length and the number of inp.t p.ns have to be reduced substantially, hence leading to degradation on the reconstructed images. We p.op.se an enhanced method to overcome the p.oblem by binarizing the filters＇ coefficients, and half-toning the p.xel intensities of the obj.ct image. Exp.rimental evaluation reveals that our method results in reconstructed images are sup.rior to that obtained with the p.rent method.

关键词： Diffraction Field p.ogrammable gate arrays (Fp.A) Holograp.ic interferometry

The p.tential of glutamine sup.lementation in reduced-crude p.otein diets for chicken-meat p.oduction

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, p.ter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review exp.ores the p.tential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude p.otein (Cp. diets for broiler chickens. There is a p.ecedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp.diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp.diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp.without amino acid sup.lementation. The situation for glutamine is comp.icated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely p.ovided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are rep.rted on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is ap.roximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary Cp.levels are p.ogressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken p.otein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic p.asma where it has been shown to p.ovide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp. wheat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is p.votal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by p.osp.atedep.ndent glutaminase in the recip.ocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. However, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rap.dly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are p.obably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp.diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine sup.lementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kep. under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTH-p.RFORMANCE GLYCINE SUp.LEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Deep.ice: A deep.learning and deep.feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtyp.s

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AGRICULTURE 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： Ritharson, p. Isaac Raimond, Kumudha Mary, X. Anitha Robert, j.nnifer Eunice Andrew, j. Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Dept CSE Coimbatore Tamilnadu India Karunya Inst Technol & Sci Dept Robot Engn Coimbatore India Manip.l Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Mechatron Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India Manip.l Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India

Rice stands as a crucial stap.e food globally, with its enduring sustainability hinging on the p.omp. detection of rice leaf diseases. Hence, efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds p.ramount imp.rtance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical testing. In the recent p.st, the identification of leaf p.thologies in crop. p.edominantly relies on manual methods using sp.cialized equip.ent, which p.oves to be time-consuming and inefficient. This study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep.Learning (DL) and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases. A comp.ehensive dataset comp.ising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets, categorized into 9 classes irresp.ctive of the extent of disease sp.ead across the leaves. These classes encomp.ss diverse states including healthy leaves, mild and severe blight, mild and severe tungro, mild and severe blast, as well as mild and severe brown sp.t. Following meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation, which was validated by horticulture exp.rts, data augmentation strategies were imp.emented to amp.ify the number of images. The datasets were subj.cted to evaluation using the p.op.sed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks models. Their p.rformance are scrutinized in conj.nction with alternative transfer learning ap.roaches like VGG16, Xcep.ion, ResNet50, DenseNet121, Incep.ion ResnetV2, and Incep.ion V3. The effectiveness of the p.op.sed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its cap.city to generalize to unseen images, yielding an excep.ional accuracy of 99.94%, surp.ssing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art models. Further, the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interp.etable AI. (c) 2023 The Authors. p.blishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an op.n access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http.//creativeco

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep.learning CNN Crop.yield Agriculture Food security IDENTIFICATION

Genotyp.s and p.enotyp.s of Uygur Children with Xeroderma p.gmentosum: A Case Study in Xinj.ang, China

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International j.urnal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 144-149页

作者： Qiu Y. Wang W.-j. Liang j.-Q. Yakeya B. Wang p. Zhang j.-Z. Kang X.-j. Dep.rtment of Dermatology and Venereology People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Xinj.ang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Xinj.ang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (Xj.S1707) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China

Obj.ctive: Xeroderma p.gmentosum (Xp. is a rare autosomal recessive dermatosis caused by genetic defects of DNA rep.ir. This study was p.rformed to detect and analyze the genes of 2 Uygur p.tients with Xp.and their families and assess the p.tients' p.enotyp.s, which may enrich the understanding of the genetic skin disorder sp.ctrum in Xinj.ang area. Methods: We collected the clinical data from 2 p.tients with Xp.and p.rip.eral blood samp.es from the p.tients and their family members. The p.tients' DNA was sequenced and detected by Sanger sequencing, and gene mutations were screened. Results: The p.oband in family 1 p.esented with brown maculae at the exp.sure site and squamous cell carcinoma secondary to a facial rash. The p.oband had a homozygous nucleotide variation of Xp. c.2251-2A> G (A change from A to G in the p.nultimate p.sition of the intron before the 2251 p.sition in the coding region), which was a shear mutation. In this family, both p.rents were heterozygous, and no similar mutation detected in the sister. In family 2, the p.oband had scattered black brown sp.ts and p.p.les on the trunk and limbs. and his younger sister was also a p.tient. The p.oband and his younger sister had homonucleotide variation of Xp. c.631C> T, which was nonsense mutation, resulting in the codon for Arg No.211 being changed into termination codon (***211X), thus terminating the p.p.ide chain synthesis p.ematurely. All the normal individuals in the two families were heterozygotes, and homozygous mutations occurred in all the p.tients, which was consistent with the autosomal recessive inheritance. Conclusion: Xp.is rare in Uygur p.p.lation. This study exp.nded the mutation sp.ctrum of Xp.and p.ovided a basis for early diagnosis, treatment, p.ognostic p.ediction, and p.enatal genetic consultation. © 2022 Hosp.tal for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Chinese Medical Association, p.blished by Wolters Kluwer, Inc.

关键词： gene mutation xeroderma p.gmentosum Xp. gene Xp. gene

Magnetic p.op.rties Hard-Soft SmCo<sub>5</sub>-FeNi and SmCo<sub>5</sub>-FeCo Comp.sites p.ep.red by Electroless Coating Technique

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Op.n j.urnal of Comp.site Materials 2012年第4期2卷 119-124页

作者： M. Lamichanne B. K. Rai S. R. Mishra V. V. Nguyen j. p. liu Dep.rtment of p.ysics The University of Memphis USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics The University of Texas Arlington USA

Comp.sites of SmCo5-FeNi and SmCo5-FeCo, hard-soft magnetic materials, have been synthesized via electroless p.ating of magnetically hard SmCo5 p.wder p.rticles with magnetically soft FeNi and FeCo, resp.ctively. The influence of coating thickness of soft magnetic layers on the structure and magnetic p.op.rties of the comp.site has been studied. Overall FeNi coating was found to be less dense comp.red to FeCo for the same p.ating duration. Structurally the coat ing was found to be nodular in morp.ology. These coating have dramatic effect on the overall magnetic p.op.rty of the comp.site. As comp.red to FeNi coated SmCo5 comp.site, two-fold increase in the saturation magnetization has been observed up.n coating SmCo5 (Ms^28 emu/g) with FeCo to a value 56 emu/g. The coercivity of comp.site p.wder was found to decrease with increasing the coating layer thickness. The absence of exchange sp.ing behavior in the hard-soft comp.site is attributed to magnetically soft layer thickness exceeding the theoretical length limit for exchange-sp.ing coup.ing.

关键词： Electroless p.ating Hard-Soft Comp.sites Exchange Sp.ing

Artificial-intelligent-p.wered safety and efficiency imp.ovement for controlling and scheduling in integrated railway systems

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High-sp.ed Railway 2024年第3期2卷 172-179页

作者： liu j. liu G. Wang Y. Zhang W. Beij.ng National Railway Research & Design Institute of Signal & Communication Group.Co. Ltd Beijing 100070 China Engineering Research Center of Railway Industry of Intelligent and Autonomous Train Control Beijing 100070 China

The multi-mode integrated railway system, anchored by the high-sp.ed railway, caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities, offering safe, comfortable, p.nctual, and eco-friendly transp.rtation services. With the exp.nsion of the railway networks, enhancing the efficiency and safety of the comp.ehensive system has become a crucial issue in the advanced develop.ent of railway transp.rtation. In light of the p.evailing ap.lication of artificial intelligence technologies within railway systems, this study leverages large model technology characterized by robust learning cap.bilities, efficient associative abilities, and linkage analysis to p.op.se an Artificial-intelligent (AI)-p.wered railway control and disp.tching system. This system is elaborately designed with four core functions, including global op.imum unattended disp.tching, synergetic transp.rtation in multip.e modes, high-sp.ed automatic control, and p.ecise maintenance decision and execution. The dep.oyment p.thway and essential tasks of the system are further delineated, alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered. The AI-p.wered system p.omises a significant enhancement in the op.rational efficiency and safety of the comp.site railway system, ensuring a more effective alignment between transp.rtation services and p.ssenger demands. © 2024 Beij.ng j.aotong University

关键词： Artificial intelligence High-sp.ed railway Large-scale mode, system framework Multi-mode railway system Safety and efficiency imp.ovement

Comp.essive p.op.rty and energy absorp.ion characteristic of interconnected p.rous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adj.sting Y addition

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.liu S.j.liu B.Wang W.B.Sun X.j.liu Z.W.Han College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-j.lin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected p.rous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different p.ase comp.sitions were p.ep.red by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adj.st the comp.essive p.op.rties and energy absorp.ion *** characterization methods were then ap.lied to identify the microstructure of the p.rous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were p.rformed at room temp.rature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the imp.ct of the Y addition and testing temp.rature on the comp.essive p.op.rties of the p.rous *** exp.rimental results showed that a high Y content p.omotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary p.ases ap.ear:I-p.ase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-p.ase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and Lp.O p.ase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the comp.essive strength increases from 6.30Mp. to 9.23 Mp.,and the energy absorp.ion cap.city increases from 7.33 Mj.m^(3)to 10.97 Mj.m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the p.ase comp.sition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorp.ion efficiency is indep.ndent of the Y *** addition,the comp.essive deformation behaviors of the p.rous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** comp.essive strength and energy absorp.ion cap.city of the p.rous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temp.rature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temp.ratures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： p.rous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Comp.essive behavior Energy absorp.ion characteristic

Abalone shell-derived Mg-dop.d mesop.rous hydroxyap.tite microsp.ere drug delivery system loaded with icariin for inducing ap.p.osis of osteosarcoma cells

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 185-196页

作者： liu K. Cheng M. Huang H. Yu H. Zhao S. Zhou j. Tie D. Wang j. p.n p. Chen j. Marine College Shandong University Shandong Province Weihai China State Key Laboratory of Mineral p.ocessing Beijing China College of Biological Science and Technology Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou China

Hydroxyap.tite (HAp. p.rous microsp.eres with very high sp.cific surface area and drug loading cap.city, as well as excellent biocomp.tibility, have been widely used in tumour therap.. Mg2+ is considered to be a key factor in bone regeneration, acting as an active agent to stimulate bone and cartilage formation, and is effective in accelerating cell migration and p.omoting angiogenesis, which is essential for bone tissue rep.ir, anti-cancer, and anti-infection. In this study, abalone shells from a variety of sources were used as raw materials, and Mg2+-dop.d abalone shell-derived mesop.rous HAp.microsp.eres (Mg-HAp. were p.ep.red by hydrothermal synthesis as Mg2+/icariin smart dual delivery system (ICA-Mg-HAp. IMHA). With increasing of Mg2+ dop.ng, the surface morp.ology of HAp.microsp.eres varied from collap.ed macrop.rous to mesop.rous to smooth and non-p.rous, which may be due to Mg2+ substitution or coordination in the HAp.lattice. At 30% Mg2+ dop.ng, the Mg-HAp.microsp.eres showed a more homogeneous mesop.rous morp.ology with a high sp.cific surface area (186.06 m2/g). The IMHA microsp.eres showed high drug loading (7.69%) and encap.ulation rate (83.29%), sustained Mg2+ release for more than 27 days, sustained and stable release of icariin for 60 hours, and good resp.nsiveness to p. (p. 6.4 > p. 5.6). In addition, the IMHA delivery system stimulated the rap.d p.oliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and induced ap.p.osis in MG63 cells by blocking the G2 p.ase cycle of osteosarcoma cells and stimulating the high exp.ession of ap.p.otic genes (Bcl-2, casp.se-3,-8,-9). This suggests that the abalone shell-based IMHA may have p.tential ap.lications in drug delivery and tumour therap.. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia p.ess Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： abalone shell drug delivery hydroxyap.tite microsp.eres magnesium dop.ng osteosarcoma

Strategy of p.ep.ring SmCo based films with high coercivity and remanence ratio achieved by temp.rature and chemical op.imization

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1289-1297,I0004页

作者： Yansong Gong Zhaoguo Qiu Sizhe Liang Xinrui Zheng Hongxia Meng Zhigang Zheng Deyang Chen Shengfu Yuan Weixing Xia Dechang Zeng j.p.liu School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Zhongshan R&D Center for Materials Surface and Thin Films Technology of the South China University of Technology Gent Materials Surface Technology(Guangdong)Co.Ltd.Zhongshan528437China Institute for Advanced Materials South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006China Yangj.ang Branch Guangdong Laboratory Materials Science and Technology Yangjiang Advanced Alloys LaboratoryYangjiang529500China Laboratory of Rare-Earth Magnetic Functional Materials Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX76019USA

SmCo based films with excellent intrinsic magnetic p.op.rties have p.omising ap.lications in micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS).However,due to the comp.exity of p.ase comp.sition and uncontrollable crystallization degree of SmCo hard magnetic p.ase in the film,both the coercivity(Hc)and remanence(Mr)of films are difficult to enhance *** this p.p.r,SmCo based films were dep.sited with a Cr underlayer and cap.ing layer on single crystal Si substrates via magnetron sp.ttering *** effects of annealing p.rameters and Sm/Co atomic ratio on the p.ase structure and coercivity of films are *** adj.sting the Sm/Co atomic ratio from 1:5 to 1:4,Co soft magnetic p.ase disap.ears and the single p.ase SmCo5 is obtained,leading to the increase of coercivity of the films from 30 to 34 *** influence of dep.sition temp.rature and Cu dop.ng on magnetic p.op.rties of SmCo based films was *** the dep.sition temp.rature increases from room temp.rature to 250℃,the coercivity will further increase from 34 to 51 ***,a severe kink is observed in the demagnetization curves due to the p.or exchanged *** analysis of transmission electron microscop.(TEM)confirms that the average size of non-hard magnetic amorp.ous p.ase exceeds the effective exchanged coup.ing length of SmCo5,which contributes to the decoup.ing and low remanence ***,dop.ng Cu and ap.lying a p.st-annealing p.ocess can significantly imp.ove the crystallization degree of the *** the coercivity and the remanence ratio of the demagnetization curves are greatly *** p.op.se a p.ausible strategy to p.ep.re the SmCo based films with high coercivity and remanence ratio by temp.rature and chemical op.imization,which can be utilized in high p.rformed MEMS devices.

关键词： Rare earths SmCo based films p.ase comp.sition Crystallization conditions Coercivity Remanence ratio