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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： Yafeng Wang Eryuan liang j.j.lio Camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly ***,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°N)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan *** pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of j.veniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between *** intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic *** mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of j.veniles and *** equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate *** shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific *** patterns of j.veniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture *** warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub ***,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub ***,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to *** changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline Positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

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Convexification of Hybrid AC-DC Optimal Power Flow with Line-Commutated Converters

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CSEE j.urnal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 617-628页

作者： Hongyuan liang Zhigang Li j.H.Zheng Q.H.Wu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Line-commutated converter (LCC)-based high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems have been integrated with bulk AC power grids for interregional transmission of renewable power. The nonlinear LCC model brings additional nonconvexity to optimal power flow (OPF) of hybrid AC-DC power grids. A convexification method for the LCC station model could address such nonconvexity but has rarely been discussed. We devise an equivalent reformulation for classical LCC station models that facilitates second-order cone convex relaxation for the OPF of LCC-based AC-DC power grids. We also propose sufficient conditions for exactness of convex relaxation with its proof. Equivalence of the proposed LCC station models and properties, exactness, and effectiveness of convex relaxation are verified using four numerical simulations. Simulation results demonstrate a globally optimal solution of the original OPF can be efficiently obtained from relaxed model.

关键词： AC-DC power system convex relaxation linecommutated converter optimal power flow second-order cone programming

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MECHANICS OF RELAXING SiGe ISLANDS ON A VISCOUS GLASS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2002年第5期18卷 441-456页

作者： R. Huang H. Yin j. liang j. C. Sturm K. D. Hobart Z. Suo Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department and Princeton Materials Institute Princeton University Princeton USA Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials and Department of Electrical Enineering Princeton University Princeton USA Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC USA

A process has been developed recently to fabricate a structure com- prising,from top to bottom,a SiGe thin film,a glass layer,and a Si *** SiGe film is a perfect crystal,and is under biaxial *** SiGe film is patterned into *** annealing,the glass flows and the islands *** resulting strain-free islands are used as substrates,to grow epitaxial optoelectronic *** article describes a series of studies on the annealing process,combining experiment and theory.A small island relaxes by expansion,starting at the edges and diffusing to the center.A large island wrinkles before the expansion reaches the *** some time,the wrinkles either disappear,or cause the island to fracture. We model the island as an elastic plate,and the glass layer as a viscous *** strains in the islands are measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy,and the wrinkle amplitudes by atomic force *** data are compared with the theoretical *** determine the conditions under which the islands relax by expansion without significant wrinkling,and demonstrate that a cap layer suppresses wrinkles,relaxing a large island crack-free.

关键词： semiconductor fabrication stress relaxation viscous flow elastic plate fracture

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A short overview of the lead iodide residue impact and regulation strategies in perovskite solar cells

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 504-510,I0012页

作者： Eng liang Lim Zhanhua Wei Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information DisplaysCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021FujianChina

Lead iodide(PbI2) is a vital raw material for preparing perovskite solar cells(PSCs),and it not only takes part in forming the light absorption layer but also remains in the grain boundary as a *** other words,the PbI2 content in the precursor and as formed film will affect the efficiency and stability of the *** moderate residual PbI2,it passivates the bulk/surface defects of perovskite,reduces the interfacial recombination,promotes the perovskite stability,minimizes the device hysteresis,and so *** PbI2 residue will reduce the interfacial passivation effect and device *** addition to facilitating the non-radiative recombination,over PbI2 residue can also lead to electronic insulation in the grain boundary and deteriorate the device ***,the impact and regulation of PbI2 residue on the device performance and stability is still not fully ***,a comprehensive and detailed review is presented by discussing the PbI2 residue impact and its regulation strategies(i.e., elimination,facilitation and conversion of the residue PbI2) to manipulate the PbI2 content,distribution and ***,we also show future outlooks in this field,with an aim to help further the progression of high-efficiency and stable PSCs.

关键词： Lead iodide Residue Regulation Perovskite solar cells Efficiency Stability

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Palmitoleic acid on top of HFD ameliorates insulin resistance independent of diacylglycerols and alters gut microbiota in C57BL/6j.mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 856-868页

作者： Qij.an liang Yan Zheng Fanli Meng Xiaofan j.ang Qingcai Zhen Zhongting Lu Shixiu Zhang Lei Du Hao Wu Xin Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Research Center of Translational Medicine Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250013China Department of Hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Institute of Hepatology Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

With the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome,such as insulin resistance in recent years,it is urgent to explore effective interventions to prevent the progression of obesity-related metabolic *** acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that is available from dietary sources,mainly derived from marine products.P almitoleic acid plays a positive role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and reducing ***,it is still unknow the mechanism of palmitoleic acid in ameliorating insulin ***,we investigated the effects of palmitoleic acid on chow diet(CD)-fed and high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice,which were fed CD or HFD for 12 weeks before *** administrated mice with BSA(control),oleic acid,or palmitoleic acid for 6 weeks on top of CD or HFD *** found that palmitoleic acid only improved glucose homeostasis in HFD-fed obese mice by increasing glucose clearance and reducing *** study explored that palmitoleic acid changed the composition of gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes population and increasing Bacteroidetes *** colon,palmitoleic acid increased intestinal tight j.nction integrity and reduced ***,palmitoleic acid decreased macrophage infiltration in liver and adipose tissue and increase glucose uptake in adipose ***(DAG)in tissue(for example,liver)is found to positively correlated with *** enhanced the levels of DAGs in liver but not in adipose tissue in this *** acid did not reverse the high DAG levels induced by HFD in ***,in HFD-fed mice,palmitoleic acid reduced insulin resistance by an independent-manner of *** might be associated with the beneficial effects of palmitoleic acid on altering the gut microbiota composition,improving of intestinal barrier function,and downregulating the inflammation in colon,liver,and adipose tissue.

关键词： Palmitoleic acid High fat diet Insulin resistance Gut microbiota

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Aggregation-regulated bioreduction process of graphene oxide by Shewanella bacteria

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Chinese j.urnal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 56-62页

作者： Kaixin Han Yibo Zeng Yinghua Lu Ping Zeng liang Shen Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012China

The bioreduction of graphene oxide(GO)using environmentally functional bacteria such as Shewanella represents a green approach to produce reduced graphene oxide(rGO).This process differs from the chemical reduction that involves instantaneous molecular *** bioreduction,the contact of bacterial cells and GO is considered the rate-limiting *** reveal how the bacteria-GO integration regulates rGO production,the comparative experiments of GO and three Shewanella strains were carried ***-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the reduction degree and the aggregation *** results showed that a spontaneous aggregation of GO and Shewanella into the condensed entity occurred within 36 h.A positive linear correlation was established,linking three indexes of the aggregation potential,the bacterial reduction ability,and the reduction degree(ID/IG)comprehensively.

关键词： Graphene oxide Reduced graphene oxide Bioreduction Aggregation Shewanella

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Editorial for the Special Issue on Emerging Technology and Advanced Application of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Chinese j.urnal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li j. Mei H. Li S. Tianj.n University China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School China Lanzhou j.aotong University China

The rapid development of clean and renewable energy technologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as the continuous growth of load demand,have put forward higher requirements for the safe operation of the power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,which cannot meet the reliability requirements of power systems in the new *** detection is an essential technical method in industrial development,which can detect and evaluate the defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials without damaging the obj.ct.

关键词： service Application operation

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Strategy of preparing SmCo based films with high coercivity and remanence ratio achieved by temperature and chemical optimization

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1289-1297,I0004页

作者： Yansong Gong Zhaoguo Qiu Sizhe liang Xinrui Zheng Hongxia Meng Zhigang Zheng Deyang Chen Shengfu Yuan Weixing Xia Dechang Zeng j.P.Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Zhongshan R&D Center for Materials Surface and Thin Films Technology of the South China University of Technology Gent Materials Surface Technology(Guangdong)Co.Ltd.Zhongshan528437China Institute for Advanced Materials South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006China Yangj.ang Branch Guangdong Laboratory Materials Science and Technology Yangjiang Advanced Alloys LaboratoryYangjiang529500China Laboratory of Rare-Earth Magnetic Functional Materials Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China Department of Physics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX76019USA

SmCo based films with excellent intrinsic magnetic properties have promising applications in micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS).However,due to the complexity of phase composition and uncontrollable crystallization degree of SmCo hard magnetic phase in the film,both the coercivity(Hc)and remanence(Mr)of films are difficult to enhance *** this paper,SmCo based films were deposited with a Cr underlayer and capping layer on single crystal Si substrates via magnetron sputtering *** effects of annealing parameters and Sm/Co atomic ratio on the phase structure and coercivity of films are *** adj.sting the Sm/Co atomic ratio from 1:5 to 1:4,Co soft magnetic phase disappears and the single phase SmCo5 is obtained,leading to the increase of coercivity of the films from 30 to 34 *** influence of deposition temperature and Cu doping on magnetic properties of SmCo based films was *** the deposition temperature increases from room temperature to 250℃,the coercivity will further increase from 34 to 51 ***,a severe kink is observed in the demagnetization curves due to the poor exchanged *** analysis of transmission electron microscopy(TEM)confirms that the average size of non-hard magnetic amorphous phase exceeds the effective exchanged coupling length of SmCo5,which contributes to the decoupling and low remanence ***,doping Cu and applying a post-annealing process can significantly improve the crystallization degree of the *** the coercivity and the remanence ratio of the demagnetization curves are greatly *** propose a plausible strategy to prepare the SmCo based films with high coercivity and remanence ratio by temperature and chemical optimization,which can be utilized in high performed MEMS devices.

关键词： Rare earths SmCo based films Phase composition Crystallization conditions Coercivity Remanence ratio

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Organic-inorganic hybrid piezotronic bipolar j.nction transistor for pressure sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 229-244页

作者： Emad Iranmanesh Zihao liang Weiwei Li Congwei Liao Shunyu j.n Chuan Liu Kai Wang Shengdong Zhang Charalampos Doumanidis Gehan A.j.Amaratunga Hang Zhou Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of In-Memory Computing Chips School of Electronic and Computer EngineeringPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055P.R.China School of Mechanical Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515063P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029P.R.China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 23000PR China School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityNo.132 East Waihuan RoadGuangzhou 510006P.R.China Department of Mechanical Aerospaceand Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of South AlabamaShelby Hall3128MobileAL 36688USA Electrical Engineering Division Department of EngineeringUniversity of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30FAUnited Kingdom Zhej.ang University International CampusHainingChina

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoTs),wearable sensors are playing an increasingly important role in daily monitoring of personal health and *** signal-to-noise-ratio has become the most critical performance factor to *** enhance it,on the one hand,good sensing materials/devices have been employed;on the other hand,signal amplification and noise reduction circuits have been ***,most of these devices and circuits work in an active sampling mode,requiring frequent data acquisition and hence,entailing high-power *** this scenario,a flexible and wearable event-triggered sensor with embedded signal amplification without an external power supply is of great ***,we report a flexible two-terminal piezotronic n-p-n bipolar j.nction transistor(PBj.)that acts as an autonomous and highly sensitive,current-and/or voltage-mediated pressure *** PBj. is formed by two back-to-back piezotronic diodes which are defined as emitter-base and collectorbase *** force exertion on the emitter side,as a result of the piezoelectric effect,the emitter-base diode is forward biased while the collector-base diode is reverse *** to the inherent Bj. amplification effect,the PBj. achieves record-high sensitivities of 139.7 kPa^(-1)(current-based)and 88.66 kPa^(-1)(voltage-based)in sensing *** PBj. also has a fast response time ofj. advances the state of the art not only in terms of sensitivity but also in regard to being self-driven and autonomous,making it promising for pressure sensing and other IoT applications.

关键词： bipolar transistor IoT

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Timing and Spectral Analysis of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI j.803-298 with Insight-HXMT Data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 209-224页

作者： Ying-Chen Xu j.n-Lu Qu MMéndez Rui-Can Ma Long j. liang Zhang Yue Huang Qing-Cui Bu Li-Ming Song Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of GroningenP.O.BOX 8009700 AV GroningenThe Netherlands Dongguan Neutron Science Center Dongguan 523808China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Kepler Center for Astro and Particle PhysicsEberhard Karls UniversitätSand 1D-72076 TübingenGermany

We present a comprehensive analysis of the 2021 outburst of MAXI j.803–298 utilizing observations of the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT)spanning from the low hard state to the high soft *** the Insight-HXMT data set,compared to the previous work,we identify a more prolonged presence of typeC quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)with centroid frequencies ranging from~0.16 to 6.3 Hz,which present correlations with the hardness ratio and the photon index of the Comptonized *** QPO frequencies less than~2 Hz,the QPO phase lags are hard(photons of 10–19 keV arrive later than those of 1–4 keV),while at higher frequencies,the lags become soft at and above~4 ***,the spectra in all Insight-HXMT observations consist of a multi-color blackbody component and a Comptonized component,as commonly observed in classical black hole X-ray *** analyze state transitions and the evolution of accretion geometry in this *** fitted inner disk radius increases abnormally during the low hard state,hypothesized to result from the corona condensing onto the inner ***,two significant drops in flux are observed during the soft intermediate state,maybe implying changes in the corona/j.t and the disk,respectively.

关键词： X-rays:binaries accretion accretion disks stars:black holes

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