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Influence of Heavy Fuel Oil on the Thermo-Physical and Erodibility Properties of Earthen Materials

j.urnal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 37-48页

作者： Ohindemi G. Yameogo Donzala D. Some Souleymane Ouedraogo Philbert Nshimiyimana Sié Kam Dieudonné j. Bathiebo laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (l.E.T.RE) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR-SEA) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ministry in Charge of Infrastructures Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Civil Engineering and Architectural Design Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga Japan laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables (lEMHaD) Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de L’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw earth constructions which are very sensitive to water. The interest of this study is to determine erodibility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal diffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. The heavy fuel oil was mixed with a silty-clayey soil, in different proportions, and water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried out. At the end of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases gradually, but not significantly with the addition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed of heat propagation through the material with reduced porosity, particularly those containing higher quantities of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and erodibility. This allows us to conclude that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and silty-clayey soil used as a coating material could greatly reduce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw earthen materials.

关键词： Porosity Accessible by Water Erodibility Water Content Thermal Diffusion

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Universal insertion of molecules in ionic compounds under pressure

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 120-128页

作者： Feng Peng Yanming Ma Chris j.Pickard Hanyu liu Maosheng Miao College of Physics and Electronic Information Luoyang Normal University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Northridge State Key laboratory of Superhard Materials & Key laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University International Center of Future Science Jilin University Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy University of Cambridge Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Department of Earth Science University of California Santa Barbara

Using first-principles calculations and crystal structure search methods, we found that many covalently bonded molecules such as H2, N2, CO2, NH3, H2O and CH4may react with NaC l, a prototype ionic solid,and form stable compounds under pressure while retaining their molecular structure. These molecules,despite whether they are homonuclear or heteronuclear, polar or non-polar, small or large, do not show strong chemical interactions with surrounding Na and Cl ions. In contrast, the most stable molecule among all examples, N2, is found to transform into cyclo-N5-anions while reacting with NaC l under high pressures. It provides a new route to synthesize pentazolates, which are promising green energy materials with high energy density. Our work demonstrates a unique and universal hybridization propensity of covalently bonded molecules and solid compounds under pressure. This surprising miscibility suggests possible mixing regions between the molecular and rock layers in the interiors of large planets.

关键词： molecule-solid hybrid materials high-pressure crystal structure prediction density functional theory planet interior

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Supramolecular Polymerization of Hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek V.de Graaf Stef A.H.j.nsen Sandra M.C.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek Marle E.j.Vleugels Bart W.l.van den Bersselaar E.W.Meij.r Ghislaine Vantomme Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncovalent assemblies in water have received much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a novel water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elevated temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectively form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperative mechanism,as evidenced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncovalent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativity nanostructure

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Cytomegalovirus Transverse Myelitis Secondary to Influenza Infection and Early Recovery:A Case Report

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第1期4卷 41-42页

作者： j.ll S.Bhavsar lekhini K.Fultariya Pooj.n j.Praj.pati Archi K.Dhamelia j.ime E.Campos Department of Infectious Disease Hialeah HospitalMiamiFL(affiliated with HerbertWertheim College of MedicineFlorida International University)33013USA

Immunosuppression can lead to opportunistic infections in a *** evidence of viral infections causing immunosuppression in a host for a transient period is gaining *** order to prolong their stay in the human body,viruses affect the human immune systemin various *** viral infections such as influenza can lead to transient lymphocytopenia,which lays the groundwork for more dangerous opportunistic ***(CMV)infection is a rare cause of inflammatory *** present the case of a patient with an influenza infection who progressed to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia,and idiopathic lymphocytopenia with a CD4 count of 61 perμl on *** 2 weeks,the patient developed complete flaccid paralysis with sensory and autonomic *** his polymerase chain reaction results of cerebrospinal fluid and blood test were positive for CMV infection,he was treated with high doses of steroids and ganciclovir *** to early diagnosis and intervention,the patient was able to recover in 2 months with only minimal residual ***,this case stresses on the importance of looking out for opportunistic infections in patients affected by severe viral infections for their early recovery.

关键词： Influenza,Human lymphocytopenia Transverse myelitis Case report

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On the Trail of Self-Directed Online learners

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第2期7卷 406-419页

作者： Curtis j.Bonk 朱美娜 School of Education Indiana University201 N.Rose AvenueBloomingtonIN 4740lUSA Wayne State University

Purpose We describe a series of more than a dozen studies on self-directed online learning spanning over a ***/Approach/Methods We incorporated surveys,interviews,focus groups,and content analyses into these research studies,which initially targeted the goals,motivations,and challenges of learners using open educational resources and OpenCourseWare and then focused on learning from massive open online courses(MOOCs).This research accelerated after creating a database of over 3,000 MOOC instructors,through which we explored cultural sensitivity and personalization practices in MOOCs as well as instructional design considerations and challenges,MOOC instructor professional development and career development,instructor motivation and engagement,and student and instructor perceptions of self-directed *** This study reveals that self-directed online learners(SDOls)seek learning environments offering freedom,choice,control,and a sense of autonomy and that both learners and instructors have intrinsic motivation for engaging in open online learning ***/Value Based on this research with both MOOC instructors and MOOC learners,we offer instructional design guidelines to address SDOls’needs and assist in efforts to foster a new generation of SDOls.

关键词： MOOCs motivation online learning self-directed learning self-management self-monitoring

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Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainbow trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑based diet

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j.urnal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix j.p lokesh laura Frohn Mickael le Bechec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron Anne Surget Sandra Biasutti Frederic Terrier Sandrine Skiba-Cassy j.rome Roy Stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and ***,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and *** tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture *** a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow *** assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing *** were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-j.nction proteins in mid-intestine(tj.1a and tj.3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune ***,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary *** With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO wh

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune markers Intermediary metabolism Inulin Prebiotic Rainbow trout Short-chain fatty acids

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Development and application of functional gene arrays for microbial community analysis

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1319-1327页

作者： Z. l. HE j. D. VAN NOSTRAND l.Y. WU j. Z. ZHOU Institute for Environmental Genomics Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

功能的基因标记能关于功能的基因差异和微生物引起的社区的潜在的活动提供重要信息。尽管 microarray 技术成功地被使用了为纯文化学习基因表示，简单、人工的微生物引起的社区，改编如此的一种技术分析复杂微生物引起的社区仍然以设计... 详细信息

功能的基因标记能关于功能的基因差异和微生物引起的社区的潜在的活动提供重要信息。尽管 microarray 技术成功地被使用了为纯文化学习基因表示，简单、人工的微生物引起的社区，改编如此的一种技术分析复杂微生物引起的社区仍然以设计，样品准备，和数据分析提出很多挑战。这个工作集中于功能的基因数组(FGA ) 的开发和应用程序为微生物引起的社区研究指向关键功能的基因标记。一些与 FGA 有关明确地给问题调音，例如 oligonucleotide 探查设计， nucleic 酸抽取和纯化，数据分析，特性，敏感，和量的能力详细被讨论。最近的研究证明了 FGA 能从许多自然环境关于微生物引起的社区提供特定、敏感、潜在地量的信息并且控制生态系统。这种技术被期望革命化微生物引起的社区的分析，并且连接微生物引起的结构到生态系统工作。

关键词：微数列应用函数基因标记微生物种群

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Current concepts in the management of non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis

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World j.urnal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 751-765页

作者： Adam j.Willington Dhiraj.Tripathi Department of Hepatology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Hepatology University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis(NCPVT)is an uncommon condition characterised by thrombosis of the portal vein,with or without extension into other mesenteric veins,in the absence of cirrhosis or intra-abdominal *** can include intestinal infarction,variceal bleeding and portal *** this article,we address current concepts in the management of NCPVT including identification of risk factors,classification and treatment,and review the latest evidence on medical and interventional management options.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis Portal vein Mesenteric veins Venous thrombosis Portal hypertension

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò j.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.l.Andreoli M.Huault H.larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.lattuada G.l.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.la Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.Margarone l.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.lera l.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre lasers Intenses et Applications(CElIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Maj.rana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ElI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Microstructural Development and Deformation Mechanisms during Cold Rolling of a Medium Stacking Fault Energy TWIP Steel

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第2期29卷 161-167页

作者： K.A. Ofei l. Zhao j. Sietsma Materials Innovation Institute M2i Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft The Netherlands

The magnetic response, microstructural and texture changes occurring during cold rolling of a Fe-14Mn-0.64C-2.4AI-0.25Si medium stacking fault energy TWlP （twinning induced plasticity） steel have been studied by X-ray diffraction and magnetic techniques. The changes in the sub-grain size （Ds）, probability of stacking fault formation （Psf） and microstrain in the material as cold rolling progressed were determined by using a modified version of the Williamson and Hall equation. A strong development of the crystallographic texture with increasing deformation was observed. Deformation-induced formation of a small fraction α＇-martensite was observed, indicating that the steel also exhibits γ→α＇-martensite transformation during cold rolling, which is discussed via the changes of the stacking-fault probability and the texture development during cold rolling.

关键词： TWIP steel α'-Martensite Sub-grain size Probability of stacking fault formation Texture development

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