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Intelligent Machine Learning Based Brain Tumor Segmentation through Multi-Layer Hybrid U-Net with CNN Feature Integration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1301-1317页

作者： Sharaf j.Malebary Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 344Rabigh21911Saudia Arabia

Brain tumors are a pressing public health concern, characterized by their high mortality and morbidity ***, the manual segmentation of brain tumors remains a laborious and error-prone task, necessitatingthe development of more precise and efficient methodologies. To address this formidable challenge, we proposean advanced approach for segmenting brain tumorMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images that harnesses theformidable capabilities of deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). While CNN-based methodshave displayed promise in the realm of brain tumor segmentation, the intricate nature of these tumors, markedby irregular shapes, varying sizes, uneven distribution, and limited available data, poses substantial obstacles toachieving accurate semantic segmentation. In our study, we introduce a pioneering Hybrid U-Net framework thatseamlessly integrates the U-Net and CNN architectures to surmount these challenges. our proposed approachencompasses preprocessing steps that enhance image visualization, a customized layered U-Net model tailoredfor precise segmentation, and the inclusion of dropout layers to mitigate overfitting during the training ***, we leverage the CNN mechanism to exploit contextual information within brain tumorMRI images,resulting in a substantial enhancement in segmentation *** experimental results attest to the exceptionalperformance of our framework, with accuracy rates surpassing 97% across diverse datasets, showcasing therobustness and effectiveness of our approach. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive assessment of ourmethod’s capabilities by evaluating various performance measures, including the sensitivity, jaccard-index, andspecificity. our proposed model achieved 99% accuracy. The implications of our findings are profound. Theproposed Hybrid U-Net model emerges as a highly promising diagnostic tool, poised to revolutionize brain tumorimage segmentation for radiologists and clinician

关键词： Brain tumor Hybrid U-Net CLAHE transfer learning MRI images

Self-assembled S-scheme In_(2.77)S_(4)/K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst with selective o_(2)reduction pathway for efficient H_(2)o_(2)production using water and air

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Chinese journal of Catalysis 2024年第8期63卷 176-189页

作者： Qiqi Zhang Hui Miao jun wang Tao Sun Enzhou Liu School of Chemical Engineering/Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127ShaanxiChina School of Physics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127ShaanxiChina School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

The development of an efficient artificial H_(2)o_(2)photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H_(2)o and o_(2)as starting ***,3D In2.77S_(4)nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)(KCN)nanosheets using a solvothermal method,then In2.77S_(4)/KCN(IS/KCN)het-erojunction with an intimate interface was obtained after a calcination *** investigation shows that the photocatalytic H_(2)o_(2)production rate of 50IS/KCN can reach up to 1.36 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)without any sacrificial reagents under visible light irradiation,which is 9.2 times and 4.1 times higher than that of KCN and In2.77S_(4),*** enhanced activity of the above composite can be mainly attributed to the S-scheme charge transfer route between KCN and In2.77S_(4)according to density functional theory calculations,electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture tests,leading to an expanded light response range and rapid charge separation at their interface,as well as preserving the active electrons and holes for H_(2)o_(2)***,the unique 3D nanostructure and surface hydrophobicity of IS/KCN facilitate the diffusion and transportation of o_(2)around the active centers,the energy barriers of o_(2)protonation and H_(2)o_(2)desorption steps are ef-fectively reduced over the *** addition,this system also exhibits excellent light harvesting ability and *** work provides a potential strategy to explore a sustainable H_(2)o_(2)photo-synthesis pathway through the design of heterojunctions with intimate interfaces and desired reac-tion thermodynamics and kinetics.

关键词： Photocatalysis H_(2)o_(2)production K^(+)-doped g-C3N4 In2.77S4 S-scheme heterojunction

Reply to the note by Li Piani et al.

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 603-606页

作者： T.Li Piani j.Weerheijm L.j.Sluys TU Delft Stevinweg 12628 CNDelftthe Netherlands TNo PO Box 452280 AARijswijkthe Netherlands NLDA Faculty of Military Sciences1781 CADen Helderthe Netherlands

In 2017,a ballistic phenomenological model was proposed by the authors of Ref.[1] to numerically simulate the experimental depths of small caliber projectiles impacting walls made of *** opportunity for a new model in the field revealed from the observation that two older models recently used by the authors of Ref.[2] shared a linear relationship between the penetration depth P and the impacting velocity v_(o).

关键词： Penetration Adobe Modeling

Tantalum pentoxide:a new material platform for high-performance dielectric metasurface optics in the ultraviolet and visible region

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 142-152页

作者： Cheng Zhang Lu Chen Zhelin Lin junyeob Song Danyan wang Moxin Li okan Koksal Zi wang Grisha Spektor David Carlson Henri j.Lezec Wenqi Zhu Scott Papp Amit Agrawal School of optical and Electronic Information&Wuhan National Laboratory for optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA University of Maryland College ParkMD 20742USA National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO 80305USA

Dielectric metasurfaces,composed of planar arrays of subwavelength dielectric structures that collectively mimic the operation of conventional bulk optical elements,have revolutionized the field of optics by their potential in constructing high-efficiency and multi-functional optoelectronic systems on *** performance of a dielectric metasurface is largely determined by its constituent material,which is highly desired to have a high refractive index,low optical loss and wide bandgap,and at the same time,be fabrication ***,we present a new material platform based on tantalum pentoxide(Ta2o5)for implementing high-performance dielectric metasurface optics over the ultraviolet and visible spectral *** wide-bandgap dielectric,exhibiting a high refractive index exceeding 2.1 and negligible extinction coefficient across a broad spectrum,can be easily deposited over large areas with good quality using straightforward physical vapor deposition,and patterned into high-aspect-ratio subwavelength nanostructures through commonly-available fluorine-gas-based reactive ion *** implement a series of highefficiency ultraviolet and visible metasurfaces with representative light-field modulation functionalities including polarization-independent high-numerical-aperture lensing,spin-selective hologram projection,and vivid structural color generation,and the devices exhibit operational efficiencies up to 80%.our work overcomes limitations faced by scalability of commonly-employed metasurface dielectrics and their operation into the visible and ultraviolet spectral range,and provides a novel route towards realization of high-performance,robust and foundry-manufacturable metasurface optics.

关键词： dielectric optics ultraviolet

Actionable Genotypes and Their Association with Life Span in Iceland

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第4期46卷 208-208页

作者： Brynjar o jensson From deCoDE Genetics–Amgen (B.o.j. G.A.A. H.K. R.F. H. Helgason A.O. G.S. H.P.E. G.H.H. B.A.A. H.J. G.R.O. A. Sturluson S.A.G. G.A.T. F.Z. K.H.S.M. G.P. A. Sigurdsson Adalbjorg Jonasdottir Aslaug Jonasdottir M.K.M. A. Helgadottir V.S. J.G. S.N.S. D.O.A. J.S. O.T.M. G.M. B.V.H. A. Helgason H.S. I.J. H. Holm T.R. U.T. D.F.G. K.S. P.S.) the Faculty of Medicine School of Health Sciences (G.A.A. M.K.M. R.H. D.O.A. I.J. U.T. K.S.) the Department of Anthropology (K.H.S.M. A. Helgason) and the School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (H. Helgason G.H.H. D.F.G.) University of Iceland the Departments of Urology (R.H.) Clinical Biochemistry (I.O.) Oncology (O.T.J.) Medicine (D.O.A.) and Immunology (I.J.) Landspitali–the National University Hospital of Iceland and the School of Science and Engineering Reykjavik University (B.V.H.) — all in Reykjavik Iceland.

Background:In 2021,the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG)recommended reporting actionable genotypes in 73 genes associated with diseases for which preventive or therapeutic measures are *** of the... 详细信息

关键词： College action Ice

Unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neuropathology and behavioral deficits in parkinsonian rats withα-synucleinopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2057-2067页

作者： Bismark Gatica-Garcia Michael j.Bannon Irma Alicia Martínez-Dávila Luis o.Soto-Rojas David Reyes-Corona Lourdes Escobedo Minerva Maldonado-Berny ME Gutierrez-Castillo Armando j.Espadas-Alvarez Manuel A.Fernandez-Parrilla juan U.Mascotte-Cruz CP Rodríguez-oviedo Irais E.Valenzuela-Arzeta Claudia Luna-Herrera Francisco E.Lopez-Salas jaime Santoyo-Salazar Daniel Martinez-Fong Departamento de Fisiología Biofísica y NeurocienciasCentro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Department of Pharmacology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Red de Medicina para la Educación y Desarrollo y la Investigación Científica de Iztacala(Red MEDICI) Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Nanoparticle Therapy Institute AguascalientesMéxico Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y DesarrolloInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía Instituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Parkinsonism by unilateral,intranigralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside administration in rats is distinguished in that theα-synuclein insult begins unilaterally but spreads bilaterally and increases in severity over time,thus replicating several clinical features of Parkinson’s disease,a typicalα-*** Nurr1 repressesα-synuclein,we evaluated whether unilateral transfected of rNurr1-V5 transgene via neurotensin-polyplex to the substantia nigra on day 30 after unilateralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside lesion could affect bilateral neuropathology and sensorimotor deficits on day 30 *** study found that rNurr1-V5 expression but not that of the green fluorescent protein(the negative control)reducedβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside-induced ***,a bilateral increase in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and arborization occurred in the substantia nigra and increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive ramifications in the *** addition,tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells displayed less senescence markerβ-galactosidase and more neuron-cytoskeleton markerβIII-tubulin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.A significant decrease in activated microglia(positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1)and neurotoxic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3)and increased neurotrophic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10)also occurred in the substantia *** effects followed the bilateral reduction inα-synuclein aggregates in the nigrostriatal system,improving sensorimotor *** results show that unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neurodegeneration(senescence and loss of neuron-cytoskeleton and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells),neuroinflammation(activated microglia,neurotoxic astrocytes),α-synuclein aggregation,and sensorimotor *** neurotrophic astrocytes and

关键词： A1 astrocytes A2 astrocytes gene therapy microglia motor deficits nanoparticles neurodegeneration neuroinflammation senescence α-synuclein aggregates

Ambient-Condition Strategy for Production of Hollow Ga_(2)o_(3)@rGo Crystalline Nanostructures Toward Efficient Lithium Storage

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 75-82页

作者： Dongdong Zhang Qiliang Wei Haili Huang Lan jiang jie Teng Ruizhi Yu Qing Zhang Shengxing Liu Lin wang Weiyou Yang Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo 315211China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Crystallineγ-Ga_(2)o_(3)@rGo core-shell nanostructures are synthesized in gram scale,which are accomplished by a facile sonochemical strategy under ambient *** are composed of uniformγ-Ga_(2)o_(3)nanospheres encapsulated by reduced graphene oxide(rGo)nanolayers,and their formation is mainly attributed to the existed opposite zeta potential between the Ga_(2)o_(3)and *** as-constructed lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)based on as-fabricatedγ-Ga_(2)o_(3)@rGo nanostructures deliver an initial discharge capacity of 1000 mAh g^(-1)at 100 mA g^(-1)and reversible capacity of 600 mAh g^(-1)under 500 mA g^(-1)after 1000 cycles,respectively,which are remarkably higher than those of pristineγ-Ga_(2)o_(3)with a much reduced lifetime of 100 cycles and much lower *** situ XRD and XPS analyses demonstrate that the reversible LIBs storage is dominant by a conversion reaction and alloying mechanism,where the discharged product of liquid metal Ga exhibits self-healing ability,thus preventing the destroy of ***,the rGo shell could act robustly as conductive network of the electrode for significantly improved conductivity,endowing the efficient Li storage *** work might provide some insight on mass production of advanced electrode materials under mild condition for energy storage and conversion applications.

关键词： ambient condition core-shell nanostructures Ga_(2)o_(3) Li-ion batteries rGo

Multifunctional properties of a polar spin chain compound[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)][Cu(C_(8)H_(4)No_(4))]·H_(2)o exhibiting both one-dimensional magnetism and nonlinear optical activity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 622-625页

作者： Ang Li Yanhong wang Haotian Tian Alimujiang Yalikun Yves journaux Min Luo Hongcheng Lu Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia MedicaHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 35002China Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCMSorbonne UniversitéCNRSParis F-75252France

Functional materials with multiple properties are urgent to be explored to reach high requirements for applications *** this work,a new multifunctional one-dimensional(1D)chain compound[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)][Cu(ohpma)]·H_(2)o 1(ohpma=deprotonated N-(2-hydoxyphenyl)oxamic acid)exhibiting both 1D antiferromagnetic and nonlinear optical properties,which are both originated from the same polar[Cu(C_(8)H_(4)No_(4))]magnetic units,has been successfully synthesized by evaporation at room ***-polydentate nature of the(ohpma)3−ligand with constrained tridentate and bidentate coordination sites conducts Cu^(2+)ions coordinating in different geometries and forms 1D chains along the c axis,which are further separated by the[N(C_(3)H_(7))_(4)]+*** the 1D magnetic chains further exhibit noncentrosymmetric polar *** optical study shows polar compound 1 exhibits a discernible second-harmonic generation(SHG)efficiency and the calculation of the partial density of states indicates that the SHG efficiency of 1 is mainly originated from the polar[Cu(C_(8)H_(4)No_(4))]magnetic ***,magnetic susceptibility shows a broad maximum around 70 K with strong intrachain interaction of j/k B=−113.0 K but no long-range order is observed down to 2 K,suggesting that 1 shows a good 1D *** good 1D magnetism and SHG activity suggest that 1 could be as a potential multifunctional material,particularly.

关键词： Multifunctional properties Magnetic property Nonlinear optical property Evaporation one-dimensional chain

Metal–organic Gel Leading to Customized Magnetic‑Coupling Engineering in Carbon Aerogels for Excellent Radar Stealth and Thermal Insulation Performances

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 36-52页

作者： Xin Li Ruizhe Hu Zhiqiang Xiong Dan wang Zhixia Zhang Chongbo Liu Xiaojun Zeng Dezhi Chen Renchao Che Xuliang Nie Key Laboratory of jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen 333403People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Materials Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045People’s Republic of China

Metal–organic gel(MoG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous ***,stable metal–organic hydrogels are prepared by regulating the complexation effect,solution polarity and curing ***,collagen peptide is used to facilitate the fabrication of a porous aerogel with excellent physical properties as well as the homogeneous dispersion of magnetic particles during ***,two kinds of heterometallic magnetic coupling systems are obtained through the application of Kirkendall ***/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)aerogel demonstrates an ultra-strong microwave absorption of−85 dB at an ultra-low loading of 5%.After reducing the time taken by atom shifting,a FeCo/Fe3o4/NC aerogel containing virus-shaped particles is obtained,which achieves an ultra-broad absorption of 7.44 GHz at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.59 mm due to the coupling effect offered by dual-soft-magnetic ***,both aerogels show excellent thermal insulation property,and their outstanding radar stealth performances in j-20 aircraft are confirmed by computer simulation *** formation mechanism of MoG is also discussed along with the thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the aerogels,which will enable the development and application of novel and lightweight stealth coatings.

关键词： Metal-organic gels Heterometallic magnetic coupling Radar stealth Thermal insulation Computer simulation technology