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Tourism versus nature conservation: reconciliation of common interests and objectives——an analysis through Picos de Europa national Park

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第11期15卷 2505-2516页

作者： LóPEZ iv.n PARDO Mercedes Department of Psychology and Sociology University of Zaragoza Department of Social Analysis University Carlos Ⅲ of Madrid

nature tourism and particularly tourism in national parks have acquired significant importance in contemporary societies. Post-Fordist consumers have reevaluated the meanings of ‘nature' and ‘natural spaces' and now avoid standardization to seek singularity. Tourism in national parks is a consequence of this tendency and has both positive and negative aspects. The purpose of this sociological research is to describe the most relevant conflicts in the Picos de Europa national Park(Spain) involving the park's conservation, local economic development,and tourism. Seven in-depth interviews and three focus groups were addressed to key local *** this research were identified three chief areas of existing or potential inter-related conflicts and the main actors interacting with them. The first is on population, particularly, the negative consequences of depopulations on the local socio-economic development and the environment. A second source of conflicts identified is caused by the difficult conciliation between commercial exploitation and conservation of the protected natural area. More precisely, this specific form of tourism positively contributes to the economy of local communities whilst problems can arise for the conservation goals of national Parks. Thirdly, in this research is also analyzed the institutional governance and the inter and intra-governmental conflicts as well as with the Park's management body. These findings provide important information for the improved management of tourism and conflicting interests in natural parks.

关键词： national parks Environmental conservation nature tourism Mountain traditional economy Picos de Europa Spain

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nO-ARBITRAGE SYMMETRIES

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2022年第4期42卷 1373-1402页

作者： iv.n DEGAnO Sebastián FERRAnDO Alfredo GOnZáLEZ Departamento de matemática.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata 7600Argentina Department of mathematics Ryerson University350 Victoria St.TorontoOntario M5B 2K3Canada

The no-arbitrage property is widely accepted to be a centerpiece of modern financial mathematics and could be considered to be a financial law applicable to a large class of(idealized) *** paper addresses the following basic question:can one characterize the class of transformations that leave the law of no-arbitrage invariant?We provide a geometric formalization of this question in a non probabilistic setting of discrete time-the so-called trajectorial *** paper then characterizes,in a local sense,the no-arbitrage symmetries and illustrates their meaning with a detailed *** context makes the result available to the stochastic setting as a special case.

关键词： no arbitrage symmetry convexity preserving maps non-probabilistic markets

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Involvement of glucose transporter overexpression in the protection or damage after ischemic stroke

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 783-784页

作者： iv.n Alquisiras-Burgos Penélope Aguilera Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco SuárezInsurgentes Sur#3877Col.La FamaTlalpanCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Cerebral ischemia and resultant energy collapse:The ischemic stroke is a complex neurological condition that can be devastating for patients and their *** disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is characterized by a sudden decrease in cerebral blood flow due to major blood vessel *** stroke generates two damaged zones with distinctive metabolic *** first is the ischemic core,the region directly irrigated by the occluded artery.A reduction to less than 20%of the baseline blood flow levels defines the area;therefore,depletion of glucose and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)cause an irreversible failure in the energy metabolism that leads to loss of ionic homeostasis,acidosis,and *** second is the region surrounding the ischemic core,called the penumbra,characterized by significantly depressed tissue perfusion that is barely sufficient to support basal oxygen,glucose,and ATP levels.

关键词： metabolism damage homeostasis

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Addressing inclusion,innovation,and sustainability challenges through the lens of economic geography:Introducing the hierarchical regional innovation system

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： iv.n Tartaruga Fernanda Sperotto Luís Carvalho Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning(CEGOT) Faculty of Arts and HumanitiesUniversity of PortoPorto 4150-564Portugal School of Economics and management University of PortoPortoPortugal

The world is facing dramatic challenges related to environmental sustainability at an accelerating *** this context,the field of economic geography(EG)has been playing an important role in understanding both the socioeconomic and technological dimensions of these challenges,as it deals with a variety of complementary notions and *** from this lens,our aim is to explore a conceptual framework that can help us to understand environmental changes relating to multi-dimensional territorial development,notably in eco-nomic contexts where inequality is high,and stratification based on hierarchies regulate social and economic *** on the territory concept,we propose the original notion of a hierarchical regional innovation system(HRIS)that emphasises the pervasive role of hierarchies(powers)in regional innovation systems and illustrate its value with evidence and case studies from extant literature on sustainability *** HRIS can help us understand and promote development paths considering the contribution of inclusive eco-innovations(another original conceptual amalgam).Through some empirical cases from other studies in low-carbon transitions,we show the application of the HRIS(and inclusive eco-innovation)*** conclusion,we provide incen-tives to explore new regional innovation systems,alongside the HRIS,adapted to different regions worldwide and centred on the inclusiv.ness of people and places.

关键词： Inclusive eco-innovation Inclusive innovation Hierarchical regional innovation system(HRIS) Territorial development Sustainable development Sustainability transitions

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Towards Fully Secure 5G Ultra-Low Latency Communications: A Cost-Security Functions Analysis

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 855-880页

作者： Borja Bordel Ramón Alcarria Joaquin Chung Rajkumar Kettimuthu Tomás Robles iv.n Armuelles Universidad Politecnica de madrid MadridEspana Argonne national Laboratory LemontILUSA Universidad de Panama PanamaPanama

Future components to enhance the basic,native security of 5G networks are either complex mechanisms whose impact in the requiring 5G communications are not considered,or lightweight solutions adapted to ultrareliable low-latency communications(URLLC)but whose security properties remain under *** different 5G network slices may have different requirements,in general,both visions seem to fall short at provisioning secure URLLC in the *** this work we address this challenge,by introducing cost-security functions as a method to evaluate the performance and adequacy of most developed and employed non-native enhanced security mechanisms in 5G *** categorize those new security components into different groups according to their purpose and deployment *** propose to analyze them in the context of existing 5G architectures using two different ***,using model checking techniques,we will evaluate the probability of an attacker to be successful against each security ***,using analytical models,we will analyze the impact of these security mechanisms in terms of delay,throughput consumption,and ***,we will combine both approaches using stochastic cost-security functions and the PRISM model checker to create a global *** results are first evidence of how a 5G network that covers and strengthened all security areas through enhanced,dedicated non-native mechanisms could only guarantee secure URLLC with a probability of∼55%.

关键词： 5G networks security analysis secure low latency communications URLLC eMBBC

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Following new Philanthropy by network Ethnography:How Did the Varkey Foundation Land and Expand in Latin America?

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ECnU Review of Education 2023年第4期6卷 541-567页

作者： iv.n matovich Tomás Esper Monash University Columbia University

Purpose:new philanthropy develops new forms of policy“problem-solving”through the influx of private actors’money and *** adopts singular configurations across different policy spaces,with implications for education *** address this phenomenon by analyzing the Varkey Foundation’s(VF)“landing”and“expansion”in Latin *** is a global philanthropic organization registered in the United Kingdom in 2011 with a main hub in Argentina,where it landed in ***/Approach/Methods:We use network ethnography to examine the influence of new philanthropy on education governance as this phenomenon demands new methods to grasp the“realities”of governing beyond conventional ways and understanding policy ***:Results indicate how VF“landed”in a little pro-market space via productive uses of policy *** second phase of data collection and analysis presents further consolidation of VF in Argentina,its expansion into Latin America,and its establishment as a legitimate education policy ***/Value:This study provides new evidence and insights into how policy networks enable new philanthropy to land and consolidate within national boundaries and,later,across the region as a legitimate actor in education.

关键词： Education policy policy networks network ethnography new philanthropy Varkey Foundation

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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso iv.n Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new *** applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency *** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Stone–Wales defects in hexagonal boron nitride as ultraviolet emitters

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 169-175页

作者： Hanen Hamdi GergőThiering Zoltán Bodrog Viktor ivády Adam Gali Wigner Research Centre for Physics P.O.Box 49Budapest 1525Hungary Department of Physics Chemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversityLinköping SE-58183Sweden Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budafokiút 8.Budapest 1111Hungary

many quantum emitters have been measured close or near the grain boundaries of the two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride where various Stone–Wales defects *** show by means of first principles density functional theory calculations that the pentagon–heptagon Stone–Wales defect is an ultraviolet emitter and its optical properties closely follow the characteristics of a 4.08-eV quantum emitter,often observed in polycrystalline hexagonal boron *** also show that the square–octagon Stone–Wales line defects are optically active in the ultraviolet region with varying gaps depending on their density in hexagonal boron *** results may introduce a paradigm shift in the identification of fluorescent centres in this material.

关键词： Wales boron hexagonal

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Cellular targets in diabetic retinopathy therapy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1442-1462页

作者： maría Lucía Rodríguez iv.n Millán Ángel Luis Ortega Department of Physiology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of ValenciaBurjassot 46100ValenciaSpain neonatal Research Group Health Research Institute La FeValencia 46026ValenciaSpain

Despite the existence of treatment for diabetes,inadequate metabolic control triggers the appearance of chronic complications such as diabetic *** retinopathy is considered a multifactorial disease of complex etiology in which oxidative stress and low chronic inflammation play essential *** exposure to hyperglycemia triggers a loss of redox balance that is critical for the appearance of neuronal and vascular damage during the development and progression of the *** therapies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are used in advanced stages of the disease and are unable to reverse the retinal damage induced by *** lack of effective therapies without side effects means there is an urgent need to identify an early action capable of preventing the development of the disease and its pathophysiological consequences in order to avoid loss of vision associated with diabetic ***,in this review we propose different therapeutic targets related to the modulation of the redox and inflammatory status that,potentially,can prevent the development and progression of the disease.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Oxidative stress Inflammation Cellular target Diabetic macular edema

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new advances in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第9期8卷 421-438页

作者： Sonia Pascual iv.n Herrera Javier Irurzun Liver Unit Gastroenterology Department Interventional Radiological Unit Hospital General Universitario de Alicante03010 AlicanteSpain

AIM: To determine if gene-specific DnA methylation in prospectively collected blood samples is associated with later development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: Comparing genome-wide DnA methylation profiles using Illumina Human methylation 450 K arrays, we previously identified a list of loci that were differentially methylated between tumor and adjacent nontumor tissues. To examine if dysregulation of DnAmethylation patterns observed in tumor tissues can be detected in white blood cell(WBC) DnA, we conducted a prospective case-control study nested within a community-based cancer screening cohort in Taiwan with 16 years of follow up. We measured methylation levels in ninety-six loci that were aberrant in DnA methylation in HCC tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Baseline WBC DnA from 159 HCC cases and 312 matched controls were bisulfite treated and assayed by Illumina Bead Array. We used the χ2 test for categorical variables and student's t-test for continuous variables to assess the difference in selected characteristics between cases and controls. To estimate associations with HCC risk, we used conditional logistic regression models stratified on the matching factors to calculate odds ratios(OR) and 95%CI. RESULTS: We found that high methylation level in cg10272601 in WnK2 was associated with increased risk of HCC, with an OR of 1.91(95%CI: 1.27-2.86). High methylation levels in both cg12680131 in TPO and cg22511877 in MYT1 L, however, were associated with decreased risk. The ORs(95%CI) were 0.59(0.39-0.87) and 0.50(0.33-0.77), respectively, for those with methylation levels of cg12680131 and cg22511877 above the median compared with those with levels below the median. These associations were still statistically significant in multivariable conditional logistic regression models after adjusting for hepatitis B virus infection and alcohol consumption. COnCLusIOn: These findings support the measurement of methylation markers in WBC DnA as biomarke

关键词： DnA methylation Epigenetics Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma White blood cell DnA

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