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A Systematic Review on the Comparison between Lumbar Disc Hernia Resection by Endoscopy and Microdiscectomy

Open Journal of Modern neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 29-36页

作者： iv.n Ulises Sámano López Ernesto Eduardo Galván Hernández Rafael Avendaño Pradel José Armando Biebrich Murguía Emmanuel Cantú Chávez Thania Karina Gutiérrez Anchondo Centro Mdico ABC Ciudad de Mxico Mxico

Background: Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation is a widely debated topic, with several techniques available. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PELD) has gained popularity due to its lower invasiv.ness compared to conventional techniques such as microdiscectomy/open lumbar microdiscectomy (OLMD)/tubular microdiscectomy (TMD). However, evidence on the effectiv.ness, recovery time and complications of these techniques is not yet clearly established. This systematic review aims to compare the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of both techniques. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in databases including PubMed and Cochrane, following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Comparative studies and narrative reviews on PELD and OLMD/TMD published between 2019 and 2024 were included. Key outcomes considered were pre- and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), hospitalization time, time to return to work, and postoperative complications. Results: The reviewed studies indicated that PELD is associated with a greater reduction in postoperative pain compared to OLMD/TMD, with a significant decrease in VAS, according to the study by Priola et al. (2019). The hospital stay was also shorter for patients undergoing PELD, averaging 2 days compared to OLMD/TMD. Furthermore, PELD favored a faster return to work and had a lower rate of postoperative complications, such as dural tears and reoperations, compared to OLMD/TMD. Conclusions: PELD demonstrates clear advantages over OLMD/TMD in terms of pain reduction, shorter hospital stay, faster return to work, and fewer postoperative complications. However, the implementation of this technique requires a significant learning curve, suggesting that its effectiv.ness may vary depending on the surgeon’s experience. PELD should be considered a preferred option in the resection of lumbar disc herniations, especially in patients seeking a quick and less invasive recovery.

关键词： Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy (PELD) Microdiscectomy/Open Lumbar Microdiscectomy (OLMD)/Tubular Microdiscectomy (TMD) Lumbar Disc Herniation Minimally Invasive Surgery Postoperative Recovery Postoperative Complications

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Return to Sports Activities after Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery: A Review

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Open Journal of Modern neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 37-47页

作者： iv.n Ulises Sámano López Ernesto Eduardo Galván Hernández Rafael Avendaño Pradel José Armando Biebrich Murguía Jorge Alberto Miranda Barrera Thania Karina Gutiérrez Anchondo Enrique Rosales Betancourt Centro Mdico ABC Ciudad de Mxico Mxico

Background: Lumbar disc herniation is a common injury among athletes, especially those who practice disciplines with repetitive flexion movements, twisting and axial loading on the spine, such as weightlifting, gymnastics, hockey and American football. In refractory cases to conservative treatment, microscopic discectomy or full endoscopic discectomy are used as surgical options to relieve pain and restore patient functionality. However, the ideal time for a return to sports activities remains a matter of debate due to variations in recovery times and risks of complications associated with each technique. Methods: A review was conducted, including articles published in the last 33 years (1991-2024), as it was the earliest date matching our search criteria. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines were included. Results: The most common complications when returning to sport prematurely include recurrence of the hernia, persistent pain (VAS leg 7 or higher after surgery) and reduced physical performance. The return to full activity rate of patients who underwent microdiscectomy reaches up to 90%, while the endoscopic technique shows a success rate that reaches 99%. Return to play meantime was 5.19 months (range 1.00 - 8.7 months) and mean time of 4.6 months (range 2 - 8 months) with Microdiscectomy and full endoscopic discectomy respectively. Conclusions: There is no unanimous consensus on the exact timing of return to sport due to variability in recovery times and clinical outcomes. In both techniques, evidence highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates surgeons, physical therapists and trainers to optimize recovery and ensure a safe return.

关键词： Lumbar Disc Herniation Microdiscectomy Lumbar Endoscopy Return to Sport Sports Injuries Sports Rehabilitation

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Tourism versus nature conservation: reconciliation of common interests and objectives——an analysis through Picos de Europa national Park

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第11期15卷 2505-2516页

作者： LóPEZ iv.n PARDO Mercedes Department of Psychology and Sociology University of Zaragoza Department of Social Analysis University Carlos Ⅲ of Madrid

nature tourism and particularly tourism in national parks have acquired significant importance in contemporary societies. Post-Fordist consumers have reevaluated the meanings of ‘nature' and ‘natural spaces' and now avoid standardization to seek singularity. Tourism in national parks is a consequence of this tendency and has both positive and negative aspects. The purpose of this sociological research is to describe the most relevant conflicts in the Picos de Europa national Park(Spain) involving the park's conservation, local economic development,and tourism. Seven in-depth interviews and three focus groups were addressed to key local *** this research were identified three chief areas of existing or potential inter-related conflicts and the main actors interacting with them. The first is on population, particularly, the negative consequences of depopulations on the local socio-economic development and the environment. A second source of conflicts identified is caused by the difficult conciliation between commercial exploitation and conservation of the protected natural area. More precisely, this specific form of tourism positively contributes to the economy of local communities whilst problems can arise for the conservation goals of national Parks. Thirdly, in this research is also analyzed the institutional governance and the inter and intra-governmental conflicts as well as with the Park's management body. These findings provide important information for the improved management of tourism and conflicting interests in natural parks.

关键词： national parks Environmental conservation nature tourism Mountain traditional economy Picos de Europa Spain

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nO-ARBITRAGE SYMMETRIES

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2022年第4期42卷 1373-1402页

作者： iv.n DEGAnO Sebastián FERRAnDO Alfredo GOnZáLEZ Departamento de matemática.Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata 7600Argentina Department of mathematics Ryerson University350 Victoria St.TorontoOntario M5B 2K3Canada

The no-arbitrage property is widely accepted to be a centerpiece of modern financial mathematics and could be considered to be a financial law applicable to a large class of(idealized) *** paper addresses the following basic question:can one characterize the class of transformations that leave the law of no-arbitrage invariant?We provide a geometric formalization of this question in a non probabilistic setting of discrete time-the so-called trajectorial *** paper then characterizes,in a local sense,the no-arbitrage symmetries and illustrates their meaning with a detailed *** context makes the result available to the stochastic setting as a special case.

关键词： no arbitrage symmetry convexity preserving maps non-probabilistic markets

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Involvement of glucose transporter overexpression in the protection or damage after ischemic stroke

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 783-784页

作者： iv.n Alquisiras-Burgos Penélope Aguilera Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco SuárezInsurgentes Sur#3877Col.La FamaTlalpanCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Cerebral ischemia and resultant energy collapse:The ischemic stroke is a complex neurological condition that can be devastating for patients and their *** disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is characterized by a sudden decrease in cerebral blood flow due to major blood vessel *** stroke generates two damaged zones with distinctive metabolic *** first is the ischemic core,the region directly irrigated by the occluded artery.A reduction to less than 20%of the baseline blood flow levels defines the area;therefore,depletion of glucose and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)cause an irreversible failure in the energy metabolism that leads to loss of ionic homeostasis,acidosis,and *** second is the region surrounding the ischemic core,called the penumbra,characterized by significantly depressed tissue perfusion that is barely sufficient to support basal oxygen,glucose,and ATP levels.

关键词： metabolism damage homeostasis

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Towards Fully Secure 5G Ultra-Low Latency Communications: A Cost-Security Functions Analysis

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 855-880页

作者： Borja Bordel Ramón Alcarria Joaquin Chung Rajkumar Kettimuthu Tomás Robles iv.n Armuelles Universidad Politecnica de madrid MadridEspana Argonne national Laboratory LemontILUSA Universidad de Panama PanamaPanama

Future components to enhance the basic,native security of 5G networks are either complex mechanisms whose impact in the requiring 5G communications are not considered,or lightweight solutions adapted to ultrareliable low-latency communications(URLLC)but whose security properties remain under *** different 5G network slices may have different requirements,in general,both visions seem to fall short at provisioning secure URLLC in the *** this work we address this challenge,by introducing cost-security functions as a method to evaluate the performance and adequacy of most developed and employed non-native enhanced security mechanisms in 5G *** categorize those new security components into different groups according to their purpose and deployment *** propose to analyze them in the context of existing 5G architectures using two different ***,using model checking techniques,we will evaluate the probability of an attacker to be successful against each security ***,using analytical models,we will analyze the impact of these security mechanisms in terms of delay,throughput consumption,and ***,we will combine both approaches using stochastic cost-security functions and the PRISM model checker to create a global *** results are first evidence of how a 5G network that covers and strengthened all security areas through enhanced,dedicated non-native mechanisms could only guarantee secure URLLC with a probability of∼55%.

关键词： 5G networks security analysis secure low latency communications URLLC eMBBC

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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso iv.n Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new *** applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency *** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Following new Philanthropy by network Ethnography:How Did the Varkey Foundation Land and Expand in Latin America?

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ECnU Review of Education 2023年第4期6卷 541-567页

作者： iv.n matovich Tomás Esper Monash University Columbia University

Purpose:new philanthropy develops new forms of policy“problem-solving”through the influx of private actors’money and *** adopts singular configurations across different policy spaces,with implications for education *** address this phenomenon by analyzing the Varkey Foundation’s(VF)“landing”and“expansion”in Latin *** is a global philanthropic organization registered in the United Kingdom in 2011 with a main hub in Argentina,where it landed in ***/Approach/Methods:We use network ethnography to examine the influence of new philanthropy on education governance as this phenomenon demands new methods to grasp the“realities”of governing beyond conventional ways and understanding policy ***:Results indicate how VF“landed”in a little pro-market space via productive uses of policy *** second phase of data collection and analysis presents further consolidation of VF in Argentina,its expansion into Latin America,and its establishment as a legitimate education policy ***/Value:This study provides new evidence and insights into how policy networks enable new philanthropy to land and consolidate within national boundaries and,later,across the region as a legitimate actor in education.

关键词： Education policy policy networks network ethnography new philanthropy Varkey Foundation

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Stone–Wales defects in hexagonal boron nitride as ultraviolet emitters

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npj Computational materials 2020年第1期6卷 169-175页

作者： Hanen Hamdi GergőThiering Zoltán Bodrog Viktor ivády Adam Gali Wigner Research Centre for Physics P.O.Box 49Budapest 1525Hungary Department of Physics Chemistry and BiologyLinköping UniversityLinköping SE-58183Sweden Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budafokiút 8.Budapest 1111Hungary

many quantum emitters have been measured close or near the grain boundaries of the two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride where various Stone–Wales defects *** show by means of first principles density functional theory calculations that the pentagon–heptagon Stone–Wales defect is an ultraviolet emitter and its optical properties closely follow the characteristics of a 4.08-eV quantum emitter,often observed in polycrystalline hexagonal boron *** also show that the square–octagon Stone–Wales line defects are optically active in the ultraviolet region with varying gaps depending on their density in hexagonal boron *** results may introduce a paradigm shift in the identification of fluorescent centres in this material.

关键词： Wales boron hexagonal

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Cellular targets in diabetic retinopathy therapy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1442-1462页

作者： maría Lucía Rodríguez iv.n Millán Ángel Luis Ortega Department of Physiology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of ValenciaBurjassot 46100ValenciaSpain neonatal Research Group Health Research Institute La FeValencia 46026ValenciaSpain

Despite the existence of treatment for diabetes,inadequate metabolic control triggers the appearance of chronic complications such as diabetic *** retinopathy is considered a multifactorial disease of complex etiology in which oxidative stress and low chronic inflammation play essential *** exposure to hyperglycemia triggers a loss of redox balance that is critical for the appearance of neuronal and vascular damage during the development and progression of the *** therapies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are used in advanced stages of the disease and are unable to reverse the retinal damage induced by *** lack of effective therapies without side effects means there is an urgent need to identify an early action capable of preventing the development of the disease and its pathophysiological consequences in order to avoid loss of vision associated with diabetic ***,in this review we propose different therapeutic targets related to the modulation of the redox and inflammatory status that,potentially,can prevent the development and progression of the disease.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Oxidative stress Inflammation Cellular target Diabetic macular edema

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