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Prevalence of Drug Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Immunocompromised Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Benue State

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 77-91页

作者： isaac Ilesanma Adeoti Grace Mwuese Gberikon Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Tersagh Smart Ichor Department of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Escherichia coli is the commonest bacterial uropathogen of UTIs, the commonest infections in immunocompromised diabetic patients. Better understanding of their main resistance mechanisms to commonly used antibacterial agents will help to reduce the burden of this infection. The prevalence of drug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from immunocompromised diabetic patients attending selected health facilities in Benue State was investigated. Two hundred and ninety-six midstream urine samples were collected for both study and control diabetic patients. Bacterial isolation was done using semi-quantitative method. Drug resistant Escherichia coli were identified as multidrug resistant (MDR), extensive drug resistant (XDR) and pan-drug resistant organisms (PDR). Statistical significance was considered at p E. coli isolates from the study and control subjects with overall prevalence of 20.9% and 8.4% respectively. The isolates were highly resistant to penicillin (ampicillin), monobactam (aztreonam), older quinolone (nalidixic acid) whereas the majority of them showed high susceptibility to aminoglycoside (streptomycin), cephalosporin (cefotaxime) and carbapenem (imipenem). None showed complete susceptibility to all the tested antibiotics. Twenty-five E. coli were identified in this MDR, eight, XDR while 5 were PDR. High numbers of drug resistant E. coli isolates were identified in the study group of which 25 were MDR, 8 XDR while 5 were PDR isolates. High prevalence of UTI and drug resistant isolates occur in diabetic patients with hyperglycemic condition.

关键词： Urinary Tract Infection Immunocompromised Diabetic Mellitus Antibiotic Resistance Escherichia coli

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Trans-Frame Aortic Regurgitation of New-Generation Aortic Bioprosthesis

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第4期14卷 41-44页

作者： Michael Timothy Simpson Kasmir Ramo Vinayak Bapat Andrea Miltiades isaac George Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery New York-Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center New York USA Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia New York-Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York USA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Abbott Northwestern Hospital Minneapolis Heart Institute Minneapolis USA

A widely used aortic valve bioprosthesis is susceptible to regurgitation between the sewing ring and the frame of the valve due to its relatively thin fabric coverage. In some cases this leak has been shown to resolve with administration of protamine, however, tension on this area from annular sutures placed in an asymmetric bicuspid valve annulus may exacerbate the defect.

关键词： Aortic Valve Replacement Bicuspid Aortic Valve Paravalvular Leak

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Petrology of Spinel-Lherzolite Xenoliths from Mazéléand Others Northen Xenoliths Localities of Cameroon Volcanic Line: Exchange Reactions and Equilibrium State

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第5期14卷 629-653页

作者： Nguihdama Dagwai Kamgang Pierre Mbowou Gbambié isaac Bertrand Chazot Gilles Ngounouno Ismaïla Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Mineral Prospecting and Exploration Technologies School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Ocean Geosciences Laboratory European University Institute of the Sea (IUEM) Brest France

The alkaline volcanism of the Cameroon Volcanic Line in its northern domain has raised many fresh enclaves of peridotites. The samples selected come from five (05) different localities (Liri, in the plateau of Kapsiki, Mazélé in the NE of Ngaoundéré, Tello and Ganguiré in the SE of Ngaoundéré and Likok, locality located in the west of Ngaoundé). The peridotite enclaves of the above localities show restricted mineralogical variation. Most are four-phase spinel-lherzolites, indicating that this is the main lithology that forms the lithospheric mantle below the shallow zone. No traces of garnet or primary plagioclase were detected, which strongly limits the depth range from which the rock fragments were sampled. The textures and the wide equilibrium temperatures (884˚C - 1115˚C) indicate also entrainment of lherzolite xenoliths from shallow depths within the lithosphere and the presence of mantle diapirism. The exchange reactions and equilibrium state established in this work make it possible to characterize the chemical composition of the upper mantle of each region and test the equilibrium state of the phases between them. Variations of major oxides and incompatible elemental concentrations in clinopyroxene indicate a primary control by partial melting. The absence of typical “metasomatic” minerals, low equilibration temperatures and enriched LREE patterns indicate that the upper mantle below septentrional crust of Cameroun underwent an event of cryptic metasomatic enrichment prior to partial melting. The distinctive chemical features, LREE enrichment, strong U, Ce and Pr, depletion relative to Ba, Nb, La, Pb, and T, fractionation of Zr and Hf and therefore ligh high Zr/Hf ratio, low La/Yb, Nb/La and Ti/Eu are all results of interaction of refractory peridotite residues with carbonatite melts.

关键词： Xenoliths Upper Mantle Northern Region Adamawa Cameroon Volcanic Line Exchange Reaction

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间隙水交换重塑区域和全球盐沼的碳和温室气体收支

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第7期54卷 2227-2242页

作者：陈小刚 isaac R.SANTOS 詹泸成邱渝茵张龑李凌西湖大学工学院浙江省海岸带环境与资源研究重点实验室杭州310024 Department of Marine Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburg 41319Sweden 河海大学水利水电学院南京210024

盐沼是一种富含碳的生态系统,通过有效地固定大气中的CO_(2),在气候调节中发挥着重要的作用.然而,气候变化对盐沼造成了严重威胁,可能会影响盐沼的碳汇过程.在此背景下,间隙水交换(PEX)碳排放作为一项重要但一直被忽视的碳循环过程应受... 详细信息

盐沼是一种富含碳的生态系统,通过有效地固定大气中的CO_(2),在气候调节中发挥着重要的作用.然而,气候变化对盐沼造成了严重威胁,可能会影响盐沼的碳汇过程.在此背景下,间隙水交换(PEX)碳排放作为一项重要但一直被忽视的碳循环过程应受到重视.本文系统评估了盐沼中碳和温室气体排放的驱动因素,揭示了PEX作为主要过程对碳和温室气体动态变化的调控作用.通过综合分析全球33个盐沼PEX案例后发现,全球盐沼PEX碳通量约占全球盐沼初级生产力的48%,超过全球盐沼有机碳埋藏量的2.2倍.这一发现突显了PEX在盐沼碳收支中的主导作用.尽管PEX排放的部分无机碳以CO_(2)形式返回大气中,但剩余的碳酸盐会在海洋中长期稳定储存.因此,这项研究对于加强全球蓝碳评估,并为利用盐沼作为基于自然的解决方案来应对全球气候变化提供了科学依据.

关键词：岸碳全球碳收支碳中和基于自然的解决方案滨海湿地海底地下水排放

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AI与CFO职能转变

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新理财（公司理财） 2024年第2期 88-90页

作者： isaac Heller 不详

随着CFO在技术决策中发挥的作用越来越大,他们完全可以运用AI和自动化技术来优化财务运营。人工智能(AI)既影响着财务领域的技术,如财务软件,也影响着财务部门负责人的职责范围,如CFO的职责。从CFO的角度来看,采用AI和自动化技术对有效... 详细信息

随着CFO在技术决策中发挥的作用越来越大,他们完全可以运用AI和自动化技术来优化财务运营。人工智能(AI)既影响着财务领域的技术,如财务软件,也影响着财务部门负责人的职责范围,如CFO的职责。从CFO的角度来看,采用AI和自动化技术对有效管理财务运营、推动业务增长和最大化企业价值是至关重要的。最重要的是,在AI的帮助下,CFO将更专注于高层战略决策,而不是日常的会计事项管理、记录和报告工作。

关键词：财务部门负责财务运营自动化技术 CFO 职责范围财务软件会计事项战略决策

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Characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to Crop Production Information in Selected Counties of Kenya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumbi Wahome John B. K. Kiema Galcano C. Mulaku isaac Mukoko Department of Geospatial & Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Public Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in Kenya and contributes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed subsistence with any surplus being sold to bring in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In Kenya, most small-scale farmers have no reliable source of information that would help them make timely and accurate decisions. County governments have extension officers who are mandated with giving farmers advisory services to farmers but they are not able to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usable. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information by farmers in four selected counties of Kenya. Specific objectives were to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made available to them by County and Sub-County extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew maize (71%). Notably, fellow farmers were a source of information (71%) with the frequency of sharing information being mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was available (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indicating that they faced challenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum benefits.

关键词： Small Scale Farmers Farmers Crop Production Information Services Geospatial Information Information Access

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Effect of Variety and Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-70页

作者： Abukari Iddrisu Eric Adjei Samuel Kwesi Asomaning Kwadwo Gyasi Santo Adu Poku isaac Alexander Danson-Anokye Cocoa Health and Extension Division Huni Valley Ghana Department of Agriculture Berekum East Municipal Assembly Berekum Ghana Department of Horticulture and Crop Production School of Agriculture and Technology University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Glenn High School Winston Salem USA

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of variety and plant spacing on yield and growth of groundnuts. The field experiment was laid in a 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The factor A included three (3) groundnut varieties (Nkatie Sari, Sum Nutt 22 and Yenyawoso) and Factor B was the three (3) spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 30 cm and 30 cm × 40 cm. All recommended agronomic practices were followed. Data was collected from eight (8) tagged plants. Growth data were recorded on plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and the number of flowers while yield data were collected on the number of flowers, number of pods per plant, 100 seeds weight and the pod yield (kg/ha). The plant spacing significantly influenced (P enyawoso variety with a wider plant spacing performed better vegetatively among all the varieties. The Yenyawoso variety produced the highest number of pods, 100 seeds weight and pod yield as compared to the other varieties. Also, Yenyawoso at 30 cm × 40 cm spacing and Nkatie Sari at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing produced the maximum pod yield.

关键词： Groundnut Variety Yield Spacing Plant Height

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Structural Controls and Predictive Mapping of Tin, Niobium and Tantalum Mineralization Associated with the Mayo Darlé Stanniferous Granitoids;Contributions of Geostatistics

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Journal of Geoscience and environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 180-210页

作者： Bah-Yero Liman Ngounouno Ismaïla Mbowou Gbambié isaac Bertrand Alpha Baster Kenfack Fokem André William Boroh Amadou Diguim Kepnamou Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Department of Mining Geology School of Geology and Mining and Engineering University of Ngaoundéré Meiganga Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

The aim of this study of the spatial dispersion of tin, niobium and tantalum mineralization associated with the Mayo Darlé granitoids was to produce prospecting guides through predictive maps of Sn, Nb and Ta in the region. It was based on a database (in appendix) obtained after analysis of rock samples (greisens and quartz veins) collected in the field, using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. Two approaches were used: 1) structural studies in the field using the directions of veins and fractures 2) the use of variographic maps, an essential element in geostatistics for determining directional anisotropies. A joint synthesis of the modelling results shows that tin, tantalum and niobium mineralization at Mayo Darlé is concentrated along strike intervals N315E to N320E, with mineralization also occurring along strike N35E for high-grade Sn, medium-grade Ta and low-grade Nb. In short, mineral concentrations disperse progressively in space: positively from east to west for tantalum and niobium, and inversely for tin.

关键词： Mayo Darlé Tin Niobium Tantalum Geostatistics Mapping

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Beyond boundaries:Neuroprotective effects of steroids and ecdysteroids in SH-SY5Y cells-A systematic review

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Neuroprotection 2024年第2期2卷 151-166页

作者： Bizhar Ahmed Tayeb isaac Kinyua Njangiru Renata Minorics Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Steroids and ecdysteroids have been shown to exhibit a range of biological effects,including anti-inflammatory,anticancer,and *** systematic review aims to highlight the evidence-based neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of steroids and ecdysteroids in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.A comprehensive literature search was conducted on May 11,2023,without publication source restrictions,using various electronic databases,including PubMed,Web of Science(WoS),Scopus,and Cumulative Index toNursing and Allied Health *** 103articles,only20 studies were included for investigating the neuroprotective effects of steroids and ecdysteroids in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to oxidative stress or neurotoxic *** risk of bias and quality assessment of the included studies were evaluated in accordance with the Nature Publication Quality Improvement Project specific *** selected studies reported the antioxidant effects of the tested compounds on SH-SY5Y cells and demonstrated their ability to scavenge free radicals and prevent lipid *** findings suggest that neurosteroids have potential therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by oxidative stress and neuronal *** studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of steroids and ecdysteroids in SH-SY5Y *** mechanisms include the activation of antioxidant enzymes,such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase,and the modulation of various signaling pathways,including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase *** review provides evidence that the tested compounds have remarkable neuroprotective and antioxidant effects in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

关键词： antiapoptotic cytoprotective neuroblastoma neurosteroids oxidative stress SH-SY5Y cells

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An in vitro Anti-urolithiasis Activity of a Herbal Formulation:Spinacia oleracea *** Coriandrum sativum L.

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第1期4卷 76-84页

作者： Sumathy Raj Monica Shree Gnana Soundara Rajan Suganthi Ramasamy Rimal isaac Rajamony Suthies Goldy Ramathilaga Ariyamuthu Monisha Sudhagar Sakthivel Gandhi Prakash Shoba Manikandan Gurusamy School of Biotechnology Dr.G.R.Damodaran College of ScienceCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Dr.N.G.P Arts and Science CollegeCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Department of Nanotechnology Noorul Islam Centre for Higher EducationKumaracoilThuckalayKanyakumari DistrictTamil NaduIndia PG and Research Department of Biochemistry Kongunadu Arts and Science CollegeCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia Department of Biological and Chemical engineering Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthipoia Department of Zoology Holy Cross College(Autonomous)NagercoilTamilnaduIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tshwane University of TechnologyArcadia CampusPretoriaSouth Africa

Background:Hard mineral and acid salt deposits that clump together in concentrated urine are known as kidney stones.A complicated chain of physicochemical events,including hyper saturation,nucleation,growth,aggrega-tion,and retention in the urinary tract,leads to urolithiasis,the third most prevalent urinary tract *** traditional medications and therapies are less successful in treating urolithiasis and frequently cause ***:The present study is focused on evaluating the anti-urolithiasis activities of the polyherbal formulation prepared from Spinacia oleracea *** Coriandrum sativum ***:To evaluating the anti-urolithiasis activities of the polyherbal formulation prepared from *** and *** seeds against oxalate crystals by employing an in vitro inhibition,aggregation,and nucleation assay,employing a spectrophotometer followed by microscopic observation,and further monitored by egg semiperme-able membrane model,using cystone as a standard ***:In the present work,the alkaloids,glycosides,flavonoids,glycosides,phenols,saponins,steroids,tannins,terpenoids,and triterpenoids were found in the extracts of *** and *** in vitro assays in the present study clearly indicated that all the mixture extracts readily prevented crystal nucleation,growth and *** aqueous extract of the mixture inhibited significant inhibitory potential against the crystallization ***:It can be said that the phyto-constituents enriched homemade preparation possibly will be used as a medication for the management of kidney stones by dissolving the oxalate stone in the kidney.

关键词： Urolithiasis Polyherbal Egg membrane Spinacia oleracea Coriandrum sativum

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