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Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/Metal Foams Phase Change Material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHMED Abid HUSSAIN Hanzla shahid imran ALI Hafiz Muhammad ALI Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCMs) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCMs can be improved by developing metal foam/PCM *** addition of metal foam in PCMs has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCM composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

HCV genotype distribution and possible transmission risks in Lahore, Pakistan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4321-4328页

作者： Waqar Ahmad Bushra Ijaz Fouzia Tahir Javed Shah Jahan imran shahid Fawad Mumtaz Khan Sajida Hassan Applied and Functional Genomics Lab Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Applied and Functional Genomics Lab Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punja Department of Pathology Jinnah Hospital Plastic Surgery Department Mayo Hospital

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and their association with possible transmission routes in the general population of Lahore, as the data exclusively related to this city is limited. METHODS: Complete data regarding patient's history, possible route of infection and biochemical tests was collected from the public hospital for 1364 patients. SPSS version 16 windows software was used for data analysis by univariate and multivariate techniques. RESULTS: Age range ≤ 40 years showed high prevalence of HCV infection. HCV genotype 3a was dominant (55.9%), followed by 1a (23.6%), 4a (12.5%), 3b (3.2%), untypable (2.5%), 4b (1.2%) and mixed type (1.2%). Blood transfusion, dental surgery and barber shops were the main risk factors for HCV transmission. Genotype prevalence was independent of age (P = 0.971) and gender (P = 0.122) while risk factors showed a significant association with age (P = 0.000) and genotypes (P = 0.000). We observed an independent association of risk factors and genotype 3a, while patients with genotype 1 and 4 were mostly infected due to dental surgery blood transfusion and barber shops. Risk factors of intravenous drug use and sexual exposure were exclusively found in ≤ 40 years age group. CONCLUSION: An increase in genotypes 1a and 4a suggest migration of people, possibly from Balochistan and the northern war-zone area. Government should focus on public education regarding infection routes.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Prevalence Genotypes Risk factors Lahore

FeGaB(25 nm)/Al_2O_3/FeGaB(25 nm)多层薄膜结构:氧化铝(Al_2O_3)厚度变化对静态与动态磁性能的影响（英文）

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稀有金属材料与工程 2018年第7期47卷 1951-1957页

作者： shahid imran 尹格元军马云贵何赛灵华南师范大学华师-浙大联合光子研究中心广东广州510006 浙江大学现代光学仪器国家重点实验室浙江杭州310058 瑞典皇家理工学院瑞典斯德哥尔摩s10044

铁镓(FeGa)薄膜与其它软磁材料相比具有较大的磁致伸缩常数,在设计集成磁性传感器芯片中具有独特的优势,可通过采用非磁性掺杂和多层膜方法来控制这种合金薄膜的磁学与电学性能参数。在掺杂一定量硼(B)元素后,厚度小于30 nm的FeGa薄膜... 详细信息

铁镓(FeGa)薄膜与其它软磁材料相比具有较大的磁致伸缩常数,在设计集成磁性传感器芯片中具有独特的优势,可通过采用非磁性掺杂和多层膜方法来控制这种合金薄膜的磁学与电学性能参数。在掺杂一定量硼(B)元素后,厚度小于30 nm的FeGa薄膜顽力可以得到显著降低,而对于较厚薄膜在插入超薄Al_2O_3中间层后软磁性能可以得到同样程度显著改善,同时饱和磁化(M_s)变化可忽略。对于我们制备的FeGaB(25 nm)/Al_2O_3(0.5 nm)/FeGaB(25 nm)多层膜,其易轴矫顽力可以小到0.98×79.6 A/m,电阻率与50 nm单层FeGaB膜相比增加了1.5倍,同时具有吉赫兹高磁导率谱。样品微结构分析表明,磁性颗粒结晶质量和物理尺寸的减小对软磁性改善起到重要作用,另外也讨论分析了静磁相互作用和表面形貌对磁畴运动及矫顽力的影响。所发展的掺杂与多层膜混合方案来增强电磁性能的方法,也可应用于其他类型的软磁材料系统。

关键词：铁镓硼多层结构氧化铝软磁性能

Einstein Hybrid Structure of q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Soft Set and Its Application for Diagnosis of Waterborne Infectious Disease

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1863-1892页

作者： Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain Hafiz Khalil ur Rehman imran Siddique HijazAhmad Sameh Askar shahid Hussain Gurmani School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele IIRoma3900186Italy Near East University Operational Research Center in HealthcareNear East BoulevardNicosia/Mersin 1099138Turkey Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityPO Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

This research is devoted to diagnosing water-borne infectious diseases caused by floods employing a novel diagnosis approach,the Einstein hybrid structure of q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft *** approach integrates parts of fuzzy logic and soft set theory to develop a robust alternative for disease detection in stressful situations,especially in areas affected by *** to the traditional intuitionistic fuzzy soft set and Pythagorean fuzzy soft set,the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set(q-ROFSS)adequately incorporates unclear and indeterminate *** major objective of this investigation is to formulate the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft Einstein hybrid weighted average(q-ROFSEHWA)operator and its specific ***,our stated operator is implementing intelligentmulti-criteria group decision-making(MCGDM)*** are severe natural catastrophes that raise the risk of diseases and epidemics,particularly those caused by contaminants in the water,such as gastrointestinal diseases,respiratory infections,vector-borne diseases,skin infections,and water-borne *** designed MCGDM strategy tackles the prevalence of certain conditions in flood-affected patients.A comparative investigation determined that the suggested method for detecting water-borne infectious disease due to floods is more effective and productive than conventional methods because of its logical structure.

关键词： q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set q-ROFSEHWA operator MCGDM environmental disaster water-born infection disease

Impact of metal polluted sewage water on soil nematode assemblages in agricultural settings of Aligarh,India

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 61-75页

作者： Mohammed F.S.A.Ghanem shahid Afzal Humira Nesar Zarrin imran Wasim Ahmad Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab Department of ZoologyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Sewage water in agriculture threatens human health and soil ecosystems through metal *** show promise as bioindicators of soil health due to their abundance and position in soil food ***-polluted water decreased abundance of certain nematode groups and Sigma Maturity *** pollution positively affected nematode groups with r-selected life *** water has been inappropriately used in agriculture,posing possible threats to human health and the soil ecosystems by its constituent pollutants,especially heavy *** evaluation of its influences on soil biomes needs to consider the response of soil *** soil organisms,nematodes are seen as the best promising candidates for bioindicators of soil *** in,we collected soil samples from fresh water irrigated field from three sites(S1,S2 and S3)and sewage water irrigated distance gradient(5 m-40 m),to assess the influence of metal(Cu,Zn,Cd,Mn,Pb)polluted water on various characteristics of nematode *** results indicated that the heavy metals decreased the abundance of C-p3 nematodes,herbivores,and predatory nematodes as well as sigma maturity index,whereas,C-p1,C-p2,bacterivore and fungivore nematodes abundance and diversity positively responded to the metal ***,nematode genera with r-selected life cycle were positively affected and those with K-selected life cycle were negatively affected by metal *** nematode community has potential to be used as indicator of pollution stress in agricultural soils to check soil health and sustainability.

关键词： heavy metals sewage irigation agriculture nematodes bioindicators

北京和伊斯兰堡冬季PM10中物质浓度和化学组分的对比

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山东大学学报（理学版） 2019年第7期54卷 42-49,56页

作者：吴宪初陈彬温天雪 shahid imran HABIB Ammara 石广玉中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 中国科学院大学北京100049 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心江苏南京210044 Institute of Space Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

为了研究对比北京、伊斯兰堡冬季PM10中重金属、水溶性无机离子以及碳组分的污染特征,于2014年12月-2015年1月分别在两地每天采集1次PM10样品,对大气颗粒物中以上3种物质的质量浓度进行了分析。结果表明,两地PM10中重金属污染情况较为严... 详细信息

为了研究对比北京、伊斯兰堡冬季PM10中重金属、水溶性无机离子以及碳组分的污染特征,于2014年12月-2015年1月分别在两地每天采集1次PM10样品,对大气颗粒物中以上3种物质的质量浓度进行了分析。结果表明,两地PM10中重金属污染情况较为严重,北京地区的As、Cr(VI)以及伊斯兰堡的Cd、Cr(VI)均超过WHO标准。根据主成分分析,北京重金属主要排放源为燃煤和移动源,而伊斯兰堡主要为移动源。两地颗粒物中水溶性无机离子二次污染情况较为严重,在霾天浓度也同样会上升,虽然污染程度不同,但造成霾天污染的一个重要原因均为机动车等移动源。对于碳组分,北京OC、EC线性关系较好(特别是在非霾天),说明其来源比较相似和简单,在排放后被类似的过程所控制,主要为煤炭燃烧和汽车排放;而伊斯兰堡OC、EC线性关系较差,在非霾天甚至出现负相关,说明其来源差别较大,主要为汽车排放。北京地区在研究期间SOC的质量浓度为2.58μg/m3,仅占OC质量浓度的10.1%,而伊斯兰堡基本没有SOC的生成。

关键词：北京伊斯兰堡 PM10 重金属水溶性无机离子

In vitro inhibitory analysis of consensus siRNAs against NS3 gene of hepatitis C virus 1a genotype

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第7期10卷 763-770页

作者： imran shahid Waleed Hassan Al Malki Mohammed Wanees Al Rabia Mohammed Hasan Mukhtar Shaia Saleh R.Almalki Saad Ahmed Alkahtani Sami S.Ashgar Hani S.Faidah Muhammad Hassan Hafeez Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of PharmacyUmm Al Qura University Department of Medical Microbiology College of MedicineKing Abdul Aziz University Department of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineUmm Al Qura University Department of Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAlbaha University College of Pharmacy Najran University Department of Microbiology College of MedicineUmm Al Qura University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry

Objective: To explore inhibitory effects of genome-specific, chemically synthesized siRNAs(small interference RNA) against NS3 gene of hepatitis C virus(HCV) 1a genotype in stable Huh-7(human hepatoma) cells as well as against viral replication in serum-inoculated Huh-7 cells. Methods: Stable Huh-7 cells persistently expressing NS3 gene were produced under antibiotic gentamycin(G418) selection. The cell clones resistant to 1 000 μg antibiotic concentration(G418) were picked as stable cell clones. The NS3 gene expression in stable cell clone was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. siRNA cell cytotoxicity was determined by MTT cell proliferation assay. Stable cell lines were transfected with sequence specific siRNAs and their inhibitory effects were determined by RT-PCR, real-time PCR and Western blotting. The viral replication inhibition by siRNAs in serum inoculated Huh-7 cells was determined by real-time PCR. Results: RT-PCR and Western blot analysis confirmed NS3 gene and protein expression in stable cell lines on day 10, 20 and 30 post transfection. MTT cell proliferation assay revealed that at most concentrated dose tested(50 nmol/L), siRNA had no cytotoxic effects on Huh-7 cells and cell proliferation remained unaffected. As demonstrated by the siRNA time-dependent inhibitory analysis, siRNA NS3-is44 showed maximum inhibition of NS3 gene in stable Huh-7 cell clones at 24(80%, P=0.013) and 48 h(75%, P=0.002) post transfection. The impact of siRNAs on virus replication in serum inoculated Huh-7 cells also demonstrated significant decrease in viral copy number, where siRNA NS3-is44 exhibited 70%(P<0.05) viral RNA reduction as compared to NS3-is33, which showed a 64%(P<0.05) decrease in viral copy number. siRNA synergism(NS3-is33 + NS3-is44) decreased viral load by 84%(P<0.05) as compared to individual inhibition by each siRNA(i.e., 64%–70%(P<0.05) in serum-inoculated cells. Synthetic siRNAs mixture(NS5Bis88 + NS3-is33) targeting different region of HCV genom

关键词： Hepatitis C virus NS3 protein Stable Huh-7 cell culture system RNA interference NS5B HCV therapeutics

Evaluation of soil loss severity and ecological restoration approach for sustainable agriculture in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1509-1521页

作者： Arshad ASHRAF imran AHMAD Climate Energy and Water Research InstituteNational Agricultural Research Centre(NARC)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Soil erosion has resulted in removal of the topsoils containing fine soil particles and plant nutrients, causing decrease in soil fertility in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya(HKH) region. The existing production of cereal crop grains has been reduced to one third of the potential crop grains production owing to land degradation and poor farming practices. It is necessary to assess risk of soil loss and identify appropriate controlling measures to address issues of low agriculture productivity and water insecurity in the region. In the present study, severity of soil loss was predicted using Revised Universal Loss Equation(RUSLE) and ecological measures were identified for sustainable mountain agriculture in the HKH region of Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Overall 62.6% area was found to have very low risk of soil loss, i.e., 100 t/(ha·yr) in about 6.8% and 7.4% areas respectively. The mean rate of soil loss was about 41.9 t/(ha·yr) in the Hindu Kush, 31.1 t/(ha·yr) in the Himalayas, 18.8 t/(ha·yr) in the Karakoram and overall 29.7 t/(ha·yr) in the three HKH ranges. As such no considerable measures have been adopted by the communities for restoration of the degraded areas except raising fruit/farm trees and supporting limited social forestry for their livelihoods. The slopes cleared for cultivation and susceptible to erosion may be stabilized through sowing/planting of multi-purpose plant species and formation of proper bench terraces. The conservation of forest ecosystem and pastures at higher elevations would help in reducing overland water flow, risk of flash flood hazard and minimizing sediment loads in the downstream. It is essential to adopt site-specific resource conservation techniques and restore possible ecosystem health for sustainable agriculture and economic developm

关键词： Climate change Erodibility Indus basin Land degradation Slope stabilization

Ion-acoustic waves with non-planar wavefronts

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第1期26卷 1-7页

作者： Shujaht BUKHARI Muhammad shahid Ata-ur RAHMAN Department of Physics The University of Azad Jummu and KashmirMuzaffarabad 13100Azad Kashmir Department of Physics Women University of Azad Jammu&KashmirBagh 12500Pakistan Department of Physics Islamia College PeshawerPeshawar 25120Pakistan

The ion-acoustic(IA) mode exhibiting various orbital angular momentum(OAM) states is examined in a plasma with drifting *** constituent plasma species are modeled with a non-gyrotropic Maxwellian distribution and discussion of dispersion relation and growth rate of twisted IA waves under various conditions is *** the domain of kinetic model,the twisted IA waves are characterized by Laguerre-Gaussian(LG) solutions,where plasma distribution function and electric field are decomposed into axial and azimuthal *** plasma response function is obtained under paraxial approximations and investigated for threshold condition of instability growth rate with helical electric field *** impact of an extra electron specie on the instability is demonstrated through a comparison of twisted waves for single and double electron species.

关键词： instability twist parameter wave excitation orbital angular momentum threshold limit